SFSU BIOL 212 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 100% ACCURATE 2026!!
Homeostasis refers to maintaining a relatively stable internal environment. The "internal
environment" is:
a) the blood cells
b) body parts beneath the skin
c) the cytoplasm of all the cells in the body
d) plasma, interstitial fluid, and transcellular fluid
e) intracellular fluid -Correct Answer ✔-plasma, interstitial fluid, and transcellular fluid
Which of the following is an example of positive feedback?
a) Consuming caffeine increases urine output, causing dehydration
b) The arrival of platelets at a wound causes the release of clotting factors which cause
more platelets to arrive at the wound
c) When a person stands up, blood pressure decreases because of the blood pooling in
the feet and legs. As a result, the heart beats faster and blood vessels constrict in order
to bring blood pressure back to normal
d) both a) and b) are correct
e) both b) and c) are correct -Correct Answer ✔-The arrival of platelets at a wound
causes the release of clotting factors which cause more platelets to arrive at the wound
Following an increase in body temperature, which of the following responses will NOT
occur?
a) an increase in skin blood flow
b) an increase in skin temperature
c) an increase in non-shivering thermogenesis
d) an increase in sweat production
e) an increase in evaporation of the skin -Correct Answer ✔-an increase in non-
shivering thermogenesis
When pyrogens are present, vasodilation is used by the body to create a fever
a) True
b) False -Correct Answer ✔-True
Mice from a certain lab strain remain healthy as long as you feed them regularly and do
not let them exercise. After they eat, their blood glucose level rises slightly and then
declines to a homeostatic level. However if these mice fast or if they exercise at all, their
blood glucose drops dangerously. Which hypothesis best explains their problem?
,a) The mice have insulin-dependent diabetes
b) the mice lack insulin receptors on their cells
c) the mice lack glucagon receptors on their cells
d) The mice can't synthesize glycogen from glucose -Correct Answer ✔-The mice lack
glucagon receptors on their cells
Liver cells produce glycogen in response to:
a) glucagon
b) insulin -Correct Answer ✔-insulin
One of insulin's mechanisms of action is to:
a) activate Na+/K+ pump
b) increase the activity of SGLT
c) increase the facilitated diffusion of glucose into certain cells in the body
d) increase the number of sodium-linked glucose transporters in the cell membrane
e) more than one of the above is correct -Correct Answer ✔-increase the facilitated
diffusion of glucose into certain cells in the body
NADH is produced from each reaction described except one. Identify the EXCEPTION.
a) during "aerobic" glycolysis
b) during the electron transport chain
c) in the Krebs cycle
d) during the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA
e) more than one answer applies -Correct Answer ✔-during the electron transport chain
Under low oxygen conditions, ____________ must unload its electrons to allow
glycolysis to continue its production of ATP:
a) FADH2
b) lactic acid
c) NAD+
d) pyruvate
e) NADH -Correct Answer ✔-NADH
Which of the following statements about anaerobic metabolism is FALSE?
a) oxygen is limited or absent
b) pyruvate moves into the mitochondrion but then accumulates there, since the Krebs
cycle does not occur
c) most of the energy of the glucose molecule remains in the chemical bonds of the
carbon molecule
, d) the electron transport chain does not occur since oxygen is needed as the final
electron acceptor -Correct Answer ✔-pyruvate moves into the mitochondrion but then
accumulates there, since the Krebs cycle does not occur
From which of the following will the cell be able to harvest the most chemical energy?
a) an NADH molecule
b) six carbon dioxide molecules
c) two pyruvate molecules
d) a lactic acid molecule
e) a glucose molecule -Correct Answer ✔-a glucose molecule
Which of the following is NOT true of the cell membrane
a) Cholesterol influences how fluid the membrane is
b) Carbohydrates associate with proteins and lipids on the extracellular side of the
membrane
c) there are many different kinds of membrane proteins
d) in certain cells, the phospholipids arrange themselves into the shape of a channel, in
order to allow ions to transport across the membrane -Correct Answer ✔-in certain cells,
the phospholipids arrange themselves into the shape of a channel, in order to allow ions
to transport across the membrane
The isolation of different proteins to the luminal vs. basolateral surfaces of epithelial
cells is due to the presence of ____________ between the cells in the tissue
a) desmosomes
b) a pump
c) tight junctions
d) gap junctions -Correct Answer ✔-tight junctions
the GLUT family of molecules are:
a) channel proteins through which glutamic acid can travel
b) carrier proteins for the facilitated diffusion of glucose
c) channel proteins through which glucose can diffuse
d) secondary active transport carriers, for moving both glucose and sodium
e) more than one of the above is correct -Correct Answer ✔-carrier proteins for the
facilitated diffusion of glucose
Alcohol crosses the cell membranes in nerve tissue relatively easily. Therefore alcohol
has a:
a) high partition coefficient
b) low partition coefficient -Correct Answer ✔-high partition coefficient
Assuming that a substance is uncharged and is transported across a membrane by
facilitated diffusion carriers, according to Fick's Law, the net movement of the substance
will tend to increase as:
a) the membrane surface area decreases
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 100% ACCURATE 2026!!
Homeostasis refers to maintaining a relatively stable internal environment. The "internal
environment" is:
a) the blood cells
b) body parts beneath the skin
c) the cytoplasm of all the cells in the body
d) plasma, interstitial fluid, and transcellular fluid
e) intracellular fluid -Correct Answer ✔-plasma, interstitial fluid, and transcellular fluid
Which of the following is an example of positive feedback?
a) Consuming caffeine increases urine output, causing dehydration
b) The arrival of platelets at a wound causes the release of clotting factors which cause
more platelets to arrive at the wound
c) When a person stands up, blood pressure decreases because of the blood pooling in
the feet and legs. As a result, the heart beats faster and blood vessels constrict in order
to bring blood pressure back to normal
d) both a) and b) are correct
e) both b) and c) are correct -Correct Answer ✔-The arrival of platelets at a wound
causes the release of clotting factors which cause more platelets to arrive at the wound
Following an increase in body temperature, which of the following responses will NOT
occur?
a) an increase in skin blood flow
b) an increase in skin temperature
c) an increase in non-shivering thermogenesis
d) an increase in sweat production
e) an increase in evaporation of the skin -Correct Answer ✔-an increase in non-
shivering thermogenesis
When pyrogens are present, vasodilation is used by the body to create a fever
a) True
b) False -Correct Answer ✔-True
Mice from a certain lab strain remain healthy as long as you feed them regularly and do
not let them exercise. After they eat, their blood glucose level rises slightly and then
declines to a homeostatic level. However if these mice fast or if they exercise at all, their
blood glucose drops dangerously. Which hypothesis best explains their problem?
,a) The mice have insulin-dependent diabetes
b) the mice lack insulin receptors on their cells
c) the mice lack glucagon receptors on their cells
d) The mice can't synthesize glycogen from glucose -Correct Answer ✔-The mice lack
glucagon receptors on their cells
Liver cells produce glycogen in response to:
a) glucagon
b) insulin -Correct Answer ✔-insulin
One of insulin's mechanisms of action is to:
a) activate Na+/K+ pump
b) increase the activity of SGLT
c) increase the facilitated diffusion of glucose into certain cells in the body
d) increase the number of sodium-linked glucose transporters in the cell membrane
e) more than one of the above is correct -Correct Answer ✔-increase the facilitated
diffusion of glucose into certain cells in the body
NADH is produced from each reaction described except one. Identify the EXCEPTION.
a) during "aerobic" glycolysis
b) during the electron transport chain
c) in the Krebs cycle
d) during the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA
e) more than one answer applies -Correct Answer ✔-during the electron transport chain
Under low oxygen conditions, ____________ must unload its electrons to allow
glycolysis to continue its production of ATP:
a) FADH2
b) lactic acid
c) NAD+
d) pyruvate
e) NADH -Correct Answer ✔-NADH
Which of the following statements about anaerobic metabolism is FALSE?
a) oxygen is limited or absent
b) pyruvate moves into the mitochondrion but then accumulates there, since the Krebs
cycle does not occur
c) most of the energy of the glucose molecule remains in the chemical bonds of the
carbon molecule
, d) the electron transport chain does not occur since oxygen is needed as the final
electron acceptor -Correct Answer ✔-pyruvate moves into the mitochondrion but then
accumulates there, since the Krebs cycle does not occur
From which of the following will the cell be able to harvest the most chemical energy?
a) an NADH molecule
b) six carbon dioxide molecules
c) two pyruvate molecules
d) a lactic acid molecule
e) a glucose molecule -Correct Answer ✔-a glucose molecule
Which of the following is NOT true of the cell membrane
a) Cholesterol influences how fluid the membrane is
b) Carbohydrates associate with proteins and lipids on the extracellular side of the
membrane
c) there are many different kinds of membrane proteins
d) in certain cells, the phospholipids arrange themselves into the shape of a channel, in
order to allow ions to transport across the membrane -Correct Answer ✔-in certain cells,
the phospholipids arrange themselves into the shape of a channel, in order to allow ions
to transport across the membrane
The isolation of different proteins to the luminal vs. basolateral surfaces of epithelial
cells is due to the presence of ____________ between the cells in the tissue
a) desmosomes
b) a pump
c) tight junctions
d) gap junctions -Correct Answer ✔-tight junctions
the GLUT family of molecules are:
a) channel proteins through which glutamic acid can travel
b) carrier proteins for the facilitated diffusion of glucose
c) channel proteins through which glucose can diffuse
d) secondary active transport carriers, for moving both glucose and sodium
e) more than one of the above is correct -Correct Answer ✔-carrier proteins for the
facilitated diffusion of glucose
Alcohol crosses the cell membranes in nerve tissue relatively easily. Therefore alcohol
has a:
a) high partition coefficient
b) low partition coefficient -Correct Answer ✔-high partition coefficient
Assuming that a substance is uncharged and is transported across a membrane by
facilitated diffusion carriers, according to Fick's Law, the net movement of the substance
will tend to increase as:
a) the membrane surface area decreases
