NR 328 Pediatric Nursing Exam 2 Practice Questions 2026
|Chamberlain College
1. A nurse is assessing a child with suspected epiglottitis. Which action is strictly
contraindicated?
A. Assessing oxygen saturation
B. Administering humidified oxygen
C. Placing the child in a tripod position
D. Using a tongue blade to visualize the throat
Answer: D
Rationale: Using a tongue blade can cause laryngospasm and immediate airway
obstruction in children with epiglottitis.
2. Which intervention is essential for a child diagnosed with Cystic Fibrosis?
A. Restricting fluid intake
B. Using cough suppressants at bedtime
C. Limiting salt intake during summer
D. Administering pancreatic enzymes with all meals and snacks
Answer: D
Rationale: Children with CF require pancreatic enzymes to assist with the digestion and
absorption of nutrients due to pancreatic duct blockage.
,3. A child with Tetralogy of Fallot is experiencing a hypercyanotic (Tet) spell.
What is the priority nursing action?
A. Place the child in a knee-chest position
B. Administer intramuscular digoxin
C. Begin chest compressions
D. Apply a cool cloth to the child’s forehead
Answer: A
Rationale: The knee-chest position increases systemic vascular resistance, which helps
reduce the right-to-left shunt and improve oxygenation.
4. A 4-week-old infant presents with projectile vomiting and a palpable olive-
shaped mass in the epigastrium. What is the likely diagnosis?
A. Pyloric stenosis
B. Intussusception
C. Hirschsprung disease
D. Gastroesophageal reflux
Answer: A
Rationale: Pyloric stenosis is characterized by projectile non-bilious vomiting and an
olive-shaped mass due to hypertrophy of the pyloric muscle.
5. What type of stool is characteristic of a child with intussusception?
A. Ribbon-like, foul-smelling stools
B. Currant jelly-like stools containing blood and mucus
C. Steatorrhea or fatty, frothy stools
D. Hard, pebble-like stools
Answer: B
Rationale: Intussusception causes intestinal obstruction and ischemia, leading to stools
mixed with blood and mucus, often described as currant jelly.
, 6. Before administering Digoxin to an infant, the nurse notes the heart rate is 82
bpm. What should the nurse do?
A. Administer half of the prescribed dose
B. Administer the dose as scheduled
C. Wait one hour and recheck the heart rate
D. Hold the dose and notify the provider
Answer: D
Rationale: Digoxin should generally be held in infants if the apical pulse is less than 90-110
beats per minute to avoid toxicity.
7. A child is admitted with Nephrotic Syndrome. Which clinical finding should
the nurse expect?
A. Gross hematuria and hypertension
B. Massive proteinuria and generalized edema
C. Low serum cholesterol
D. Increased urinary output
Answer: B
Rationale: Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by increased glomerular permeability to
protein, leading to massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema.
8. A nurse is caring for a child with Acute Glomerulonephritis. Which finding is
most typical of this condition?
A. Tea-colored or smoky urine
B. Polyuria
C. Straw-colored, clear urine
D. Severe hypotension
Answer: A
Rationale: Hematuria in acute glomerulonephritis often results in tea-colored or smoky
urine due to the breakdown of red blood cells.
|Chamberlain College
1. A nurse is assessing a child with suspected epiglottitis. Which action is strictly
contraindicated?
A. Assessing oxygen saturation
B. Administering humidified oxygen
C. Placing the child in a tripod position
D. Using a tongue blade to visualize the throat
Answer: D
Rationale: Using a tongue blade can cause laryngospasm and immediate airway
obstruction in children with epiglottitis.
2. Which intervention is essential for a child diagnosed with Cystic Fibrosis?
A. Restricting fluid intake
B. Using cough suppressants at bedtime
C. Limiting salt intake during summer
D. Administering pancreatic enzymes with all meals and snacks
Answer: D
Rationale: Children with CF require pancreatic enzymes to assist with the digestion and
absorption of nutrients due to pancreatic duct blockage.
,3. A child with Tetralogy of Fallot is experiencing a hypercyanotic (Tet) spell.
What is the priority nursing action?
A. Place the child in a knee-chest position
B. Administer intramuscular digoxin
C. Begin chest compressions
D. Apply a cool cloth to the child’s forehead
Answer: A
Rationale: The knee-chest position increases systemic vascular resistance, which helps
reduce the right-to-left shunt and improve oxygenation.
4. A 4-week-old infant presents with projectile vomiting and a palpable olive-
shaped mass in the epigastrium. What is the likely diagnosis?
A. Pyloric stenosis
B. Intussusception
C. Hirschsprung disease
D. Gastroesophageal reflux
Answer: A
Rationale: Pyloric stenosis is characterized by projectile non-bilious vomiting and an
olive-shaped mass due to hypertrophy of the pyloric muscle.
5. What type of stool is characteristic of a child with intussusception?
A. Ribbon-like, foul-smelling stools
B. Currant jelly-like stools containing blood and mucus
C. Steatorrhea or fatty, frothy stools
D. Hard, pebble-like stools
Answer: B
Rationale: Intussusception causes intestinal obstruction and ischemia, leading to stools
mixed with blood and mucus, often described as currant jelly.
, 6. Before administering Digoxin to an infant, the nurse notes the heart rate is 82
bpm. What should the nurse do?
A. Administer half of the prescribed dose
B. Administer the dose as scheduled
C. Wait one hour and recheck the heart rate
D. Hold the dose and notify the provider
Answer: D
Rationale: Digoxin should generally be held in infants if the apical pulse is less than 90-110
beats per minute to avoid toxicity.
7. A child is admitted with Nephrotic Syndrome. Which clinical finding should
the nurse expect?
A. Gross hematuria and hypertension
B. Massive proteinuria and generalized edema
C. Low serum cholesterol
D. Increased urinary output
Answer: B
Rationale: Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by increased glomerular permeability to
protein, leading to massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema.
8. A nurse is caring for a child with Acute Glomerulonephritis. Which finding is
most typical of this condition?
A. Tea-colored or smoky urine
B. Polyuria
C. Straw-colored, clear urine
D. Severe hypotension
Answer: A
Rationale: Hematuria in acute glomerulonephritis often results in tea-colored or smoky
urine due to the breakdown of red blood cells.
