NR 328 Pediatric Nursing Exam 6 Comprehensive Practice Quiz 2026
|Chamberlain College
1. A nurse is assessing a child with suspected Nephrotic Syndrome. Which of the
following findings is most characteristic of this condition?
A. Gross hematuria and hypertension
B. Elevated blood glucose levels
C. Weight loss and decreased appetite
D. Massive proteinuria and edema
Answer: D
Rationale: Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by massive proteinuria,
hypoalbuminemia, and generalized edema. Gross hematuria is more common in Acute
Glomerulonephritis.
2. When caring for a child with Acute Glomerulonephritis (AGN), which clinical
manifestation should the nurse expect?
A. Tea-colored or smoky urine
B. Hypotension
C. Clear, dilute urine
D. Increased urine output
Answer: A
Rationale: AGN typically causes hematuria, resulting in tea-colored or smoky urine, along
with hypertension and periorbital edema.
,3. The nurse is performing a physical assessment on a school-age child to screen
for scoliosis. Which technique is most effective?
A. Perform the Adams forward bend test
B. Observe the gait while walking
C. Assess the range of motion in the hips
D. Check for leg length discrepancy while lying flat
Answer: A
Rationale: The Adams forward bend test, where the child leans forward at the waist,
allows the nurse to observe for rib hump or spinal curvature characteristic of scoliosis.
4. A newborn is being screened for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH).
Which finding would indicate a positive Ortolani maneuver?
A. Inability to flex the knees
B. A distinct ‘click’ or ‘clunk’ as the hip is abducted
C. Asymmetry of the gluteal folds
D. Shortening of the affected limb
Answer: B
Rationale: The Ortolani maneuver involves abducting the hip to reduce a dislocated
femoral head back into the acetabulum, producing a felt or heard ‘clunk’.
5. A lumbar puncture is performed on a child with suspected bacterial
meningitis. Which CSF result supports this diagnosis?
A. Clear appearance and low protein
B. Cloudy appearance, high protein, and low glucose
C. Elevated glucose and low protein
D. Clear appearance and high glucose
Answer: B
Rationale: In bacterial meningitis, the CSF is typically cloudy due to WBCs, has elevated
protein levels, and decreased glucose levels because bacteria consume the glucose.
, 6. Which nursing action is the priority during a child’s generalized tonic-clonic
seizure?
A. Turn the child to a side-lying position
B. Insert a tongue blade into the mouth
C. Restrain the child’s limbs to prevent injury
D. Administer oral diazepam immediately
Answer: A
Rationale: The priority is maintaining a patent airway and preventing aspiration by
turning the child to the side. Never restrain the child or place objects in the mouth.
7. A child with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus presents with shakiness, diaphoresis,
and pallor. What should be the nurse’s first action?
A. Give a dose of rapid-acting insulin
B. Administer 15 grams of simple carbohydrates
C. Check for ketones in the urine
D. Encourage the child to take a nap
Answer: B
Rationale: These are signs of hypoglycemia. The immediate treatment is 15g of simple
carbohydrates (e.g., 4 oz juice) to raise blood glucose levels.
8. A child has just had a fiberglass cast applied to a fractured tibia. Which
assessment finding requires immediate notification of the provider?
A. The child reports the cast feels warm
B. The child is able to wiggle their toes
C. Capillary refill time of 4 seconds in the toes
D. Itching underneath the cast edge
Answer: C
Rationale: A capillary refill time of 4 seconds (normal is <3) suggests impaired
neurovascular status or compartment syndrome, which is an emergency.
|Chamberlain College
1. A nurse is assessing a child with suspected Nephrotic Syndrome. Which of the
following findings is most characteristic of this condition?
A. Gross hematuria and hypertension
B. Elevated blood glucose levels
C. Weight loss and decreased appetite
D. Massive proteinuria and edema
Answer: D
Rationale: Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by massive proteinuria,
hypoalbuminemia, and generalized edema. Gross hematuria is more common in Acute
Glomerulonephritis.
2. When caring for a child with Acute Glomerulonephritis (AGN), which clinical
manifestation should the nurse expect?
A. Tea-colored or smoky urine
B. Hypotension
C. Clear, dilute urine
D. Increased urine output
Answer: A
Rationale: AGN typically causes hematuria, resulting in tea-colored or smoky urine, along
with hypertension and periorbital edema.
,3. The nurse is performing a physical assessment on a school-age child to screen
for scoliosis. Which technique is most effective?
A. Perform the Adams forward bend test
B. Observe the gait while walking
C. Assess the range of motion in the hips
D. Check for leg length discrepancy while lying flat
Answer: A
Rationale: The Adams forward bend test, where the child leans forward at the waist,
allows the nurse to observe for rib hump or spinal curvature characteristic of scoliosis.
4. A newborn is being screened for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH).
Which finding would indicate a positive Ortolani maneuver?
A. Inability to flex the knees
B. A distinct ‘click’ or ‘clunk’ as the hip is abducted
C. Asymmetry of the gluteal folds
D. Shortening of the affected limb
Answer: B
Rationale: The Ortolani maneuver involves abducting the hip to reduce a dislocated
femoral head back into the acetabulum, producing a felt or heard ‘clunk’.
5. A lumbar puncture is performed on a child with suspected bacterial
meningitis. Which CSF result supports this diagnosis?
A. Clear appearance and low protein
B. Cloudy appearance, high protein, and low glucose
C. Elevated glucose and low protein
D. Clear appearance and high glucose
Answer: B
Rationale: In bacterial meningitis, the CSF is typically cloudy due to WBCs, has elevated
protein levels, and decreased glucose levels because bacteria consume the glucose.
, 6. Which nursing action is the priority during a child’s generalized tonic-clonic
seizure?
A. Turn the child to a side-lying position
B. Insert a tongue blade into the mouth
C. Restrain the child’s limbs to prevent injury
D. Administer oral diazepam immediately
Answer: A
Rationale: The priority is maintaining a patent airway and preventing aspiration by
turning the child to the side. Never restrain the child or place objects in the mouth.
7. A child with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus presents with shakiness, diaphoresis,
and pallor. What should be the nurse’s first action?
A. Give a dose of rapid-acting insulin
B. Administer 15 grams of simple carbohydrates
C. Check for ketones in the urine
D. Encourage the child to take a nap
Answer: B
Rationale: These are signs of hypoglycemia. The immediate treatment is 15g of simple
carbohydrates (e.g., 4 oz juice) to raise blood glucose levels.
8. A child has just had a fiberglass cast applied to a fractured tibia. Which
assessment finding requires immediate notification of the provider?
A. The child reports the cast feels warm
B. The child is able to wiggle their toes
C. Capillary refill time of 4 seconds in the toes
D. Itching underneath the cast edge
Answer: C
Rationale: A capillary refill time of 4 seconds (normal is <3) suggests impaired
neurovascular status or compartment syndrome, which is an emergency.
