MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS 3RD EDITION
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PAPER 2026 FULL ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ dideoxy chain termination. Answer: Sanger sequencing, the early
method of sequencing DNA
⩥ Sanger sequencing. Answer: Dideoxynucleotides halt DNA
polymerization at each base since they lack the hydroxyl on the 3' ribose
carbon and cannot form a phosphodiester bond, the template along with
DNTP's and PCR MM is added to four different tubes with a different
ddNTP in each, generating sequences of various lengths that encompass
the entire original sequence. Terminated fragments are electrophoresed
and the original sequence can be deduced.
⩥ What improvement allowed for the automation of Sanger
Sequencing?. Answer: dye primer and dye terminator allowed for each
nucleotide to be labeled by a different fluorescent dye
⩥ What colors are each nucleotide labeled in Sanger sequencing?.
Answer: A-Green
G-Yellow/Black
C-Blue
T-Red
, ⩥ Does dye primer sequencing or dye terminator sequencing allow for
the Sanger Sequencing reaction to occur in on reaction tube?. Answer:
dye terminating sequencing because the ddNTP's are labeled with dye
vs. the primer which would have to take place in four different reaction
tubes to know which ddNTP has been added
⩥ Pyrosequencing. Answer: uses ss target sequence, primer, sulfurylase,
luciferase APS, luciferin. One of the four dNTP's are added in a
determined ordered. If the dNTP is a match to the target it will hyb and
pyrophosphate will be released and converted to ATP and then light
through luciferase
⩥ Bisulfate DNA sequencing. Answer: A type of chain termination
sequencing designed to detect methylated nucleotides. Methylation of
cytosine residues in DNA is an important part of gene regulation and
expression - this is important for detecting different types of cancer.
During the incubation C is converted to U and 5-methylated C is
unchanged. A PCR reaction is then performed using normal chain
termination methods.
⩥ Next generation sequencing. Answer: entire genomes sequenced using
multiple parallel reactions to analyze short segments of DNA and
compare the results to known sequences.
1. fragmentation
2. ERAT
BUCKINGHAM TEST BANK CERTIFICATION
PAPER 2026 FULL ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ dideoxy chain termination. Answer: Sanger sequencing, the early
method of sequencing DNA
⩥ Sanger sequencing. Answer: Dideoxynucleotides halt DNA
polymerization at each base since they lack the hydroxyl on the 3' ribose
carbon and cannot form a phosphodiester bond, the template along with
DNTP's and PCR MM is added to four different tubes with a different
ddNTP in each, generating sequences of various lengths that encompass
the entire original sequence. Terminated fragments are electrophoresed
and the original sequence can be deduced.
⩥ What improvement allowed for the automation of Sanger
Sequencing?. Answer: dye primer and dye terminator allowed for each
nucleotide to be labeled by a different fluorescent dye
⩥ What colors are each nucleotide labeled in Sanger sequencing?.
Answer: A-Green
G-Yellow/Black
C-Blue
T-Red
, ⩥ Does dye primer sequencing or dye terminator sequencing allow for
the Sanger Sequencing reaction to occur in on reaction tube?. Answer:
dye terminating sequencing because the ddNTP's are labeled with dye
vs. the primer which would have to take place in four different reaction
tubes to know which ddNTP has been added
⩥ Pyrosequencing. Answer: uses ss target sequence, primer, sulfurylase,
luciferase APS, luciferin. One of the four dNTP's are added in a
determined ordered. If the dNTP is a match to the target it will hyb and
pyrophosphate will be released and converted to ATP and then light
through luciferase
⩥ Bisulfate DNA sequencing. Answer: A type of chain termination
sequencing designed to detect methylated nucleotides. Methylation of
cytosine residues in DNA is an important part of gene regulation and
expression - this is important for detecting different types of cancer.
During the incubation C is converted to U and 5-methylated C is
unchanged. A PCR reaction is then performed using normal chain
termination methods.
⩥ Next generation sequencing. Answer: entire genomes sequenced using
multiple parallel reactions to analyze short segments of DNA and
compare the results to known sequences.
1. fragmentation
2. ERAT
