OT 530- TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
Frontal Lobe - Answers - Part of the brain responsible for executive function.
Occipital Lobe - Answers - Part of the brain responsible for vision & disinhibition.
Brain Stem - Answers - Aside from regulating basic arousal and regulatory functions,
the ________ is involved in attention and short-term memory. Trauma to this area can
lead to disorientation, frustration, and anger.
Axonal Shearing - Answers - Can result in decreased arousal and attention, and slowed
processing of information & delays. Often occurs with brain stem damage.
Hypoxia - Answers - a "cell death", can occur when the person is not breathing or their
blood pressure is too low, the end result is further brain injury, can occur secondary to a
heart attack.
Level of Consciousness (LOC): Coma - Answers - No spontaneous eye opening or
visual pursuits, no following commands, no verbalizations of words.
Level of Consciousness (LOC): Vegetative State - Answers - May open eyes to
spontaneously, otherwise total lack of interactions.
Level of Consciousness (LOC): Minimally Responsive - Answers - Not comatose or
vegetative but meaningful responses are inconsistent, require long latency periods,
depend on external stimuli, delay in responding to stimulus.
Acquired Brain Injury (ABI), Closed head injury (MVA, falls, etc.), Open head injury
(gunshot, kinife, accidents, etc.). - Answers - What are the categories of brain injury?
ABI - Answers - More global term, a TBI is a kind of _______.
Severity of TBI: Severe - Answers - LOC (loss of consciousness) longer than 6 hours;
Glasgow Coma Scale of 8 or less.
Severity of TBI: Moderate - Answers - Post traumatic Amnesia of 1 to 24 hours;
Glasgow Coma Scale of 9-12.
Post traumatic Amnesia - Answers - Condition where the patient forgets the previous 24
hours after TBI, but can come back; a sign of a moderate TBI.
Severity of TBI: Mild - Answers - Brief loss of consciousness, loss of memory
immediately before or after the injury, any alteration in mental state at the time of the
, accident, or focal neurological deficits; the person seems fine on the surface, yet
continues to endure chronic functional problems.
Postconcussion Syndrome (PCS) - Answers - a long-term effect of a mild TBI (MTBI);
persons suffering from _____ can experience significant changes in cognition and
personality; associated with sports; linked with depression.
History (medical, personal, social, work); Sensorimotor (tone, A/PROM, strength,
postural control, coordination, sensory processing); Cognitive & Intellectual (attention,
concentration, distractibility, following directions, memory, speed of processing, problem
solving, judgment, insight, abstraction, reason); impulsivity, agitation, poor frustration,
tolerance, irritability; paranoia, depression, withdrawal, denial, delusions; lack of
initiation; lability, sexual disinhibition, socially inappropriate; confabulation, egocentrism.
- Answers - What are the OT evaluation areas for TBI?
Impulsivity - Answers - "no filter"
Paranoia - Answers - feeling of being watched, "someone is out to get me"
Lability - Answers - emotional, goes from laughing to being sad
Confabulation - Answers - common with Dementia, a form of memory loss in which the
patient feels in the gaps in memory.
Illusion - Answers - something external is tricking you.
Delusion - Answers - built up thoughts within self (ex: movie star is in love with you).
Glasgow Coma Scale, Rancho Levels, MOCA or Mini Mental Status Exam, Rivermead
Behavioral Memory Test, FIM, Brief Test of Head Injury, Cognitive Assessment
Screening Test. - Answers - What are some formal evaluations used with TBI patients?
Rancho Level: I - Answers - No response
Rancho Level: II - Answers - Generalized response
Rancho Level: III - Answers - Localized response
Rancho Level: IV - Answers - Confused-agitated
Rancho Level: V - Answers - Confused-inappropriate
Rancho Level: VI - Answers - Confused-appropriate
Rancho Level: VII - Answers - Automatic-appropriate
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
Frontal Lobe - Answers - Part of the brain responsible for executive function.
Occipital Lobe - Answers - Part of the brain responsible for vision & disinhibition.
Brain Stem - Answers - Aside from regulating basic arousal and regulatory functions,
the ________ is involved in attention and short-term memory. Trauma to this area can
lead to disorientation, frustration, and anger.
Axonal Shearing - Answers - Can result in decreased arousal and attention, and slowed
processing of information & delays. Often occurs with brain stem damage.
Hypoxia - Answers - a "cell death", can occur when the person is not breathing or their
blood pressure is too low, the end result is further brain injury, can occur secondary to a
heart attack.
Level of Consciousness (LOC): Coma - Answers - No spontaneous eye opening or
visual pursuits, no following commands, no verbalizations of words.
Level of Consciousness (LOC): Vegetative State - Answers - May open eyes to
spontaneously, otherwise total lack of interactions.
Level of Consciousness (LOC): Minimally Responsive - Answers - Not comatose or
vegetative but meaningful responses are inconsistent, require long latency periods,
depend on external stimuli, delay in responding to stimulus.
Acquired Brain Injury (ABI), Closed head injury (MVA, falls, etc.), Open head injury
(gunshot, kinife, accidents, etc.). - Answers - What are the categories of brain injury?
ABI - Answers - More global term, a TBI is a kind of _______.
Severity of TBI: Severe - Answers - LOC (loss of consciousness) longer than 6 hours;
Glasgow Coma Scale of 8 or less.
Severity of TBI: Moderate - Answers - Post traumatic Amnesia of 1 to 24 hours;
Glasgow Coma Scale of 9-12.
Post traumatic Amnesia - Answers - Condition where the patient forgets the previous 24
hours after TBI, but can come back; a sign of a moderate TBI.
Severity of TBI: Mild - Answers - Brief loss of consciousness, loss of memory
immediately before or after the injury, any alteration in mental state at the time of the
, accident, or focal neurological deficits; the person seems fine on the surface, yet
continues to endure chronic functional problems.
Postconcussion Syndrome (PCS) - Answers - a long-term effect of a mild TBI (MTBI);
persons suffering from _____ can experience significant changes in cognition and
personality; associated with sports; linked with depression.
History (medical, personal, social, work); Sensorimotor (tone, A/PROM, strength,
postural control, coordination, sensory processing); Cognitive & Intellectual (attention,
concentration, distractibility, following directions, memory, speed of processing, problem
solving, judgment, insight, abstraction, reason); impulsivity, agitation, poor frustration,
tolerance, irritability; paranoia, depression, withdrawal, denial, delusions; lack of
initiation; lability, sexual disinhibition, socially inappropriate; confabulation, egocentrism.
- Answers - What are the OT evaluation areas for TBI?
Impulsivity - Answers - "no filter"
Paranoia - Answers - feeling of being watched, "someone is out to get me"
Lability - Answers - emotional, goes from laughing to being sad
Confabulation - Answers - common with Dementia, a form of memory loss in which the
patient feels in the gaps in memory.
Illusion - Answers - something external is tricking you.
Delusion - Answers - built up thoughts within self (ex: movie star is in love with you).
Glasgow Coma Scale, Rancho Levels, MOCA or Mini Mental Status Exam, Rivermead
Behavioral Memory Test, FIM, Brief Test of Head Injury, Cognitive Assessment
Screening Test. - Answers - What are some formal evaluations used with TBI patients?
Rancho Level: I - Answers - No response
Rancho Level: II - Answers - Generalized response
Rancho Level: III - Answers - Localized response
Rancho Level: IV - Answers - Confused-agitated
Rancho Level: V - Answers - Confused-inappropriate
Rancho Level: VI - Answers - Confused-appropriate
Rancho Level: VII - Answers - Automatic-appropriate
