Psych 1111 Exam Questions with
Verified Solutions
List the theoretical perspectives in psychology - ANS-Biological Perspective, Learning
Perspective, Cognitive Perspective, Sociocultural Perspective, Psychodynamic
Perspective
Biological Perspective - ANS-o How physiological change influences behaviour,
feelings, and thoughts
o Evolutionary psychology- explains commonalities in cognition, development, emotion,
etc.
Learning Perspective - ANS-o behaviorist's attribute behaviour to environmental factors
that they can observe which they believe shapes behaviours
o Social-cognitivists agree with behaviourists but also believe interaction with others
shapes behaviour
Cognitive Perspective - ANS-o Emphasizes mental processes in perception, memory,
language, problem solving, etc.
Sociocultural Perspective - ANS-o Social psychologist- Social and roles that shape
behaviour- why we obey authority, how we are affected by loved ones, spouses, co-
workers, etc.
o Cultural Psychologist- how cultural roles and rules affect development
Psychodynamic Perspective - ANS-o Try to find unconscious roots that must be shaping
behaviour- Freud's psychoanalysis
List the Three Schools of Thought in Psychology - ANS-Structuralism, Functionalism
and Psychodynamic
Structuralism - ANS-o Analyze sensation, images, feelings into basic elements
• Ex. Biting into an orange and describing taste
Functionalism - ANS-o Function or purpose of behaviour rather than analysis and
description- ask how and why (inspired by Charles Darwin
Psychodynamic - ANS-o There is unconscious motive and conflict
, In what way did Humanist Psychology agree with behaviourist and psychoanalysis and
disagree? - ANS-• Agree- human behaviour is likely a combination of the environment
and unconscious conflicts but it is not exclusively determined by that
• Disagree- humans have the ability to consciously make decisions to achieve their full
potentional: the previous psychologists do not give humans enough credit
• No longer dominant movement in psych.- more of a philosophy
Principle of Falsifiability - ANS-• Scientists go out of their way to refute their hypothesis-
ex. All swans are white- it would be easy to go find white swans but if you look for black
ones and cannot find them then you can confirm
What is the difference between correlation and experimental studies? - ANS-•
Experimental- causal conclusions
• Correlation- useful for initial hypothesis when logistics and ethics get in the way of
experimental research
Describe the steps in the scientific method - ANS-Hypothesis--> Falsifiable Prediction
(with operational definitions)--> Evidence--> Conclusion
List the critical thinking guidelines - ANS-• Ask questions
• Define terms
• Examine Evidence
• Analyze Assumptions and biases
• Avoid Emotions
• Don't oversimplify
• Consider other interpretations
• Tolerate uncertainty
Create a Timeline: Famous Psychologists - ANS-• 1800- Franz Joseph Gall -
phrenology: study of the mind by examining bumps on the skull (ex. Thieves had large
bumps right over their ears)
• 1879- Wihelm Wundt - wrote about psychology and credited with formally initiating
psychological movement - Structuralism
o was rejected once Wolfgang Kohler started questioning the inconsistencies of the
"basic elements" - everyone pictures a slightly different triangle when asked to think of
one
• William James- Functionalism- how and why there is behaviour but again short lived
• 1900- Sigmund Freud- Psychoanalysis
• 1960- Behaviourism
• 1960- Humanistic theory rejected psychoanalysis and Behaviourism
• 1970- Cognitive Perspective
• 1970- Feminist psychology- women broke into the study of psychology and identified a
sex bias (no women were used as test subjects- touched on menstruation etc.)
Describe the Organization of the Central Nervous System - ANS-Composed of the brain
and spinal chord- integration of information
Verified Solutions
List the theoretical perspectives in psychology - ANS-Biological Perspective, Learning
Perspective, Cognitive Perspective, Sociocultural Perspective, Psychodynamic
Perspective
Biological Perspective - ANS-o How physiological change influences behaviour,
feelings, and thoughts
o Evolutionary psychology- explains commonalities in cognition, development, emotion,
etc.
Learning Perspective - ANS-o behaviorist's attribute behaviour to environmental factors
that they can observe which they believe shapes behaviours
o Social-cognitivists agree with behaviourists but also believe interaction with others
shapes behaviour
Cognitive Perspective - ANS-o Emphasizes mental processes in perception, memory,
language, problem solving, etc.
Sociocultural Perspective - ANS-o Social psychologist- Social and roles that shape
behaviour- why we obey authority, how we are affected by loved ones, spouses, co-
workers, etc.
o Cultural Psychologist- how cultural roles and rules affect development
Psychodynamic Perspective - ANS-o Try to find unconscious roots that must be shaping
behaviour- Freud's psychoanalysis
List the Three Schools of Thought in Psychology - ANS-Structuralism, Functionalism
and Psychodynamic
Structuralism - ANS-o Analyze sensation, images, feelings into basic elements
• Ex. Biting into an orange and describing taste
Functionalism - ANS-o Function or purpose of behaviour rather than analysis and
description- ask how and why (inspired by Charles Darwin
Psychodynamic - ANS-o There is unconscious motive and conflict
, In what way did Humanist Psychology agree with behaviourist and psychoanalysis and
disagree? - ANS-• Agree- human behaviour is likely a combination of the environment
and unconscious conflicts but it is not exclusively determined by that
• Disagree- humans have the ability to consciously make decisions to achieve their full
potentional: the previous psychologists do not give humans enough credit
• No longer dominant movement in psych.- more of a philosophy
Principle of Falsifiability - ANS-• Scientists go out of their way to refute their hypothesis-
ex. All swans are white- it would be easy to go find white swans but if you look for black
ones and cannot find them then you can confirm
What is the difference between correlation and experimental studies? - ANS-•
Experimental- causal conclusions
• Correlation- useful for initial hypothesis when logistics and ethics get in the way of
experimental research
Describe the steps in the scientific method - ANS-Hypothesis--> Falsifiable Prediction
(with operational definitions)--> Evidence--> Conclusion
List the critical thinking guidelines - ANS-• Ask questions
• Define terms
• Examine Evidence
• Analyze Assumptions and biases
• Avoid Emotions
• Don't oversimplify
• Consider other interpretations
• Tolerate uncertainty
Create a Timeline: Famous Psychologists - ANS-• 1800- Franz Joseph Gall -
phrenology: study of the mind by examining bumps on the skull (ex. Thieves had large
bumps right over their ears)
• 1879- Wihelm Wundt - wrote about psychology and credited with formally initiating
psychological movement - Structuralism
o was rejected once Wolfgang Kohler started questioning the inconsistencies of the
"basic elements" - everyone pictures a slightly different triangle when asked to think of
one
• William James- Functionalism- how and why there is behaviour but again short lived
• 1900- Sigmund Freud- Psychoanalysis
• 1960- Behaviourism
• 1960- Humanistic theory rejected psychoanalysis and Behaviourism
• 1970- Cognitive Perspective
• 1970- Feminist psychology- women broke into the study of psychology and identified a
sex bias (no women were used as test subjects- touched on menstruation etc.)
Describe the Organization of the Central Nervous System - ANS-Composed of the brain
and spinal chord- integration of information
