RELIAS PHARMACOLOGY EXAM LATEST EXAM
2026 UPDATE 100 QUESTIONS AND DETAILED
VERIFIED ANSWERS FROM ACTUAL EXAMS TEST
GRADE A+
1. A patient is prescribed digoxin. Which finding indicates toxicity?
A. Bradycardia
B. Hypertension
C. Increased appetite
D. Constipation
Answer: A. Bradycardia
Rationale: Digoxin toxicity commonly causes bradycardia, visual changes, and
nausea due to increased cardiac glycoside effect.
2. Which laboratory value should be monitored for a patient taking warfarin?
A. aPTT
B. INR
C. Platelet count
D. Hemoglobin
Answer: B. INR
Rationale: INR measures warfarin effectiveness and therapeutic range.
3. What is the primary action of furosemide?
A. Potassium retention
B. Sodium and water excretion
,C. Calcium retention
D. Glucose reduction
Answer: B. Sodium and water excretion
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that promotes excretion of sodium and
water.
4. A patient taking ACE inhibitors should be monitored for which side effect?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Persistent cough
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Tachycardia
Answer: B. Persistent cough
Rationale: ACE inhibitors increase bradykinin causing dry persistent cough.
5. Which drug is used to treat opioid overdose?
A. Naloxone
B. Flumazenil
C. Atropine
D. Protamine sulfate
Answer: A. Naloxone
Rationale: Naloxone reverses opioid-induced respiratory depression.
6. What is a common side effect of beta blockers?
A. Tachycardia
B. Hypoglycemia masking
C. Hypertension
D. Hyperactivity
,Answer: B. Hypoglycemia masking
Rationale: Beta blockers mask symptoms of hypoglycemia such as tachycardia.
7. Which medication requires monitoring for nephrotoxicity?
A. Acetaminophen
B. Gentamicin
C. Amoxicillin
D. Loratadine
Answer: B. Gentamicin
Rationale: Aminoglycosides like gentamicin are nephrotoxic.
8. What is the antidote for heparin overdose?
A. Vitamin K
B. Protamine sulfate
C. Calcium gluconate
D. N-acetylcysteine
Answer: B. Protamine sulfate
Rationale: Protamine sulfate neutralizes heparin.
9. Which insulin has the fastest onset?
A. NPH
B. Glargine
C. Regular insulin
D. Lispro
Answer: D. Lispro
Rationale: Rapid-acting insulin lispro has the fastest onset.
, 10. A patient taking metformin should avoid which condition?
A. Hypoxia
B. Hypertension
C. Hyperthyroidism
D. Hypernatremia
Answer: A. Hypoxia
Rationale: Metformin increases risk of lactic acidosis in hypoxic states.
11. What is a major side effect of corticosteroids?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Immunosuppression
C. Bradycardia
D. Anemia
Answer: B. Immunosuppression
Rationale: Corticosteroids suppress immune response.
12. Which medication is used for anaphylaxis?
A. Epinephrine
B. Diphenhydramine
C. Albuterol
D. Lorazepam
Answer: A. Epinephrine
Rationale: Epinephrine is first-line for anaphylactic shock.
13. What is the action of albuterol?
A. Bronchoconstriction
B. Bronchodilation
2026 UPDATE 100 QUESTIONS AND DETAILED
VERIFIED ANSWERS FROM ACTUAL EXAMS TEST
GRADE A+
1. A patient is prescribed digoxin. Which finding indicates toxicity?
A. Bradycardia
B. Hypertension
C. Increased appetite
D. Constipation
Answer: A. Bradycardia
Rationale: Digoxin toxicity commonly causes bradycardia, visual changes, and
nausea due to increased cardiac glycoside effect.
2. Which laboratory value should be monitored for a patient taking warfarin?
A. aPTT
B. INR
C. Platelet count
D. Hemoglobin
Answer: B. INR
Rationale: INR measures warfarin effectiveness and therapeutic range.
3. What is the primary action of furosemide?
A. Potassium retention
B. Sodium and water excretion
,C. Calcium retention
D. Glucose reduction
Answer: B. Sodium and water excretion
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that promotes excretion of sodium and
water.
4. A patient taking ACE inhibitors should be monitored for which side effect?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Persistent cough
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Tachycardia
Answer: B. Persistent cough
Rationale: ACE inhibitors increase bradykinin causing dry persistent cough.
5. Which drug is used to treat opioid overdose?
A. Naloxone
B. Flumazenil
C. Atropine
D. Protamine sulfate
Answer: A. Naloxone
Rationale: Naloxone reverses opioid-induced respiratory depression.
6. What is a common side effect of beta blockers?
A. Tachycardia
B. Hypoglycemia masking
C. Hypertension
D. Hyperactivity
,Answer: B. Hypoglycemia masking
Rationale: Beta blockers mask symptoms of hypoglycemia such as tachycardia.
7. Which medication requires monitoring for nephrotoxicity?
A. Acetaminophen
B. Gentamicin
C. Amoxicillin
D. Loratadine
Answer: B. Gentamicin
Rationale: Aminoglycosides like gentamicin are nephrotoxic.
8. What is the antidote for heparin overdose?
A. Vitamin K
B. Protamine sulfate
C. Calcium gluconate
D. N-acetylcysteine
Answer: B. Protamine sulfate
Rationale: Protamine sulfate neutralizes heparin.
9. Which insulin has the fastest onset?
A. NPH
B. Glargine
C. Regular insulin
D. Lispro
Answer: D. Lispro
Rationale: Rapid-acting insulin lispro has the fastest onset.
, 10. A patient taking metformin should avoid which condition?
A. Hypoxia
B. Hypertension
C. Hyperthyroidism
D. Hypernatremia
Answer: A. Hypoxia
Rationale: Metformin increases risk of lactic acidosis in hypoxic states.
11. What is a major side effect of corticosteroids?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Immunosuppression
C. Bradycardia
D. Anemia
Answer: B. Immunosuppression
Rationale: Corticosteroids suppress immune response.
12. Which medication is used for anaphylaxis?
A. Epinephrine
B. Diphenhydramine
C. Albuterol
D. Lorazepam
Answer: A. Epinephrine
Rationale: Epinephrine is first-line for anaphylactic shock.
13. What is the action of albuterol?
A. Bronchoconstriction
B. Bronchodilation
