Hondros Bio 117 Final Exam ( Anatomy &
Physiology PN) questions and answers 2026\2027
A+ Grade
allows blood to flow directly from the right atrium into the left atrium to bypass pulmonary circulation
- correct answer foramen ovale
carries blood from the umbilical vein to inferior vena cava; allows some blood to bypass the liver
- correct answer ductus venosus
atrial contraction; systole; p wave
- correct answer atrial depolarization
max volume of air that can be exhaled following maximal inhalation
- correct answer vital capacity
allows blood in pulmonary artery to flow directly into the descending aorta to bypass the pulmonary
circulation
- correct answer ductus arteriosus
ventricular relaxtion; diastole; t wave
- correct answer ventricular repolarization
most important stimulus for the release of aldosterone
- correct answer renin
volume of air in lungs following maximal inhalation
- correct answer total lung capacity
,provides oxygenated blood to brain
- correct answer circle of willis
aorta; left pulmonary veins; left atrium; left ventricle; bicuspid
- correct answer structures that carry oxygenated blood (left heart)
pulmonary arteries; vena cava; right atrium; right ventricle; tricuspid
- correct answer structures that carry unoxygenated blood (right heart)
transport unoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta
- correct answer umbilical arteries
transports oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus
- correct answer umbilical vein
volume of air that remains in lung after forceful exhalation
- correct answer residual volume
ventricular contraction; systole; qrs complex
- correct answer ventricular depolarization
located between left ventricle and left aorta
- correct answer aortic semilunar valve
located between right ventricle and pulmonary artery
- correct answer pulmonic semilunar
two semilunar valves
- correct answer pulmonary and aortic
pushes blood out of the heart into the pulmonary trunk-lungs
- correct answer right ventricle
,decreases thoracic and lung volume and increases pressure in the lungs
- correct answer exhalation
space between the vocal cords
- correct answer glottis/rima glottidis
vagus nerve effects
- correct answer sa node
pacemaker of the heart
- correct answer SA node
right heart pumps blood to the
- correct answer pulmonary circulation
acetylcholine; rest; decrease temp; hyperkalemia; hypocalcemia; parasympathetic nervous system
- correct answer factors that decrease heart rate
norepinephrine; epinephrine; stress; increase in temp; anticholinergic drugs; hypokalemia;
hypercalcemia
- correct answer factors that increase heart rate
Left AV valve
- correct answer Bicuspid
what substance is secreted in urine to decrease bloods ph
- correct answer bicarbonte HCO3
what substance is secreted in urine to increase bloods ph
- correct answer hydrogen ions
, plasma protein albumin is produced by
- correct answer liver
volume of blood pumped from one ventricular of the heart with each beat
- correct answer stroke volume
volume of blood being pumped by heart, in particular by a left or right ventricle in the time of one
minute
- correct answer cardiac output
vagus nerve
- correct answer decreases heart rate
Right AV valve
- correct answer Tricuspid
septum between right and left atria
- correct answer foramen ovale
eliminated when we have acidosis
- correct answer hydrogen ions
only structure of respiratory tract that is part of digestive system
- correct answer pharynx
protein inside red blood cells that carry oxygento cells and carbon dioxide to the lungs
- correct answer hemoglobin
loss of negative intrapleural pressure
- correct answer collapses lung
measured during normal quiet breathing
- correct answer tidal volume
Physiology PN) questions and answers 2026\2027
A+ Grade
allows blood to flow directly from the right atrium into the left atrium to bypass pulmonary circulation
- correct answer foramen ovale
carries blood from the umbilical vein to inferior vena cava; allows some blood to bypass the liver
- correct answer ductus venosus
atrial contraction; systole; p wave
- correct answer atrial depolarization
max volume of air that can be exhaled following maximal inhalation
- correct answer vital capacity
allows blood in pulmonary artery to flow directly into the descending aorta to bypass the pulmonary
circulation
- correct answer ductus arteriosus
ventricular relaxtion; diastole; t wave
- correct answer ventricular repolarization
most important stimulus for the release of aldosterone
- correct answer renin
volume of air in lungs following maximal inhalation
- correct answer total lung capacity
,provides oxygenated blood to brain
- correct answer circle of willis
aorta; left pulmonary veins; left atrium; left ventricle; bicuspid
- correct answer structures that carry oxygenated blood (left heart)
pulmonary arteries; vena cava; right atrium; right ventricle; tricuspid
- correct answer structures that carry unoxygenated blood (right heart)
transport unoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta
- correct answer umbilical arteries
transports oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus
- correct answer umbilical vein
volume of air that remains in lung after forceful exhalation
- correct answer residual volume
ventricular contraction; systole; qrs complex
- correct answer ventricular depolarization
located between left ventricle and left aorta
- correct answer aortic semilunar valve
located between right ventricle and pulmonary artery
- correct answer pulmonic semilunar
two semilunar valves
- correct answer pulmonary and aortic
pushes blood out of the heart into the pulmonary trunk-lungs
- correct answer right ventricle
,decreases thoracic and lung volume and increases pressure in the lungs
- correct answer exhalation
space between the vocal cords
- correct answer glottis/rima glottidis
vagus nerve effects
- correct answer sa node
pacemaker of the heart
- correct answer SA node
right heart pumps blood to the
- correct answer pulmonary circulation
acetylcholine; rest; decrease temp; hyperkalemia; hypocalcemia; parasympathetic nervous system
- correct answer factors that decrease heart rate
norepinephrine; epinephrine; stress; increase in temp; anticholinergic drugs; hypokalemia;
hypercalcemia
- correct answer factors that increase heart rate
Left AV valve
- correct answer Bicuspid
what substance is secreted in urine to decrease bloods ph
- correct answer bicarbonte HCO3
what substance is secreted in urine to increase bloods ph
- correct answer hydrogen ions
, plasma protein albumin is produced by
- correct answer liver
volume of blood pumped from one ventricular of the heart with each beat
- correct answer stroke volume
volume of blood being pumped by heart, in particular by a left or right ventricle in the time of one
minute
- correct answer cardiac output
vagus nerve
- correct answer decreases heart rate
Right AV valve
- correct answer Tricuspid
septum between right and left atria
- correct answer foramen ovale
eliminated when we have acidosis
- correct answer hydrogen ions
only structure of respiratory tract that is part of digestive system
- correct answer pharynx
protein inside red blood cells that carry oxygento cells and carbon dioxide to the lungs
- correct answer hemoglobin
loss of negative intrapleural pressure
- correct answer collapses lung
measured during normal quiet breathing
- correct answer tidal volume
