CC 348 Test 2 Questions With Complete Solutions
According to Galen, what are the differences between the three
sects? Correct Answers - Introduction to Empiricists
(experience) & Rationalists (method of reason)
o Not including Methodists (because they do not have any
fundamental "knowledge" because they are in between two ways
of getting to the cures)
According to Thomas Rütten, which of the following is part of
his so-called Heptalogue (multiple answers)?
Precept of sexual continence
Call for competence and specialization
Interdiction of abortion
Precept of purity and holiness
Proscription against euthanasia
Precept of beneficence and nonmaleficence
Precept of confidentiality Correct Answers all of them
Based on a close reading of The Oath, what appears to be the
historical reasons for the writing of the so-called 'Hippocratic
Oath'? Correct Answers - Allow students who do not belong to
a medical family to be able to take up the techne
- Forbid students of a certain teacher from doing high risk
procedures and doing improper things to uphold the honor of the
school they belong to
o No lithotomy, no destructive pessary, not providing deadly
drugs
o Do not engage in sexual acts with patients
,Based on your reading of Nutton, what methods were available
for a physician to distinguish himself from other ancient
practitioners of healthcare? Correct Answers o Greco-Roman
world: medicus (Roman healer) vs. iatros, midwives, root-
cutters (Medica Materia), pharmacists, religion
Means of demarcation: different medical sects, patra familia,
tax exemptions
Reasons for demarcation: competition, setting gold standard
(same as modern times)
Based on your readings of the bioi of Hippocrates in Pinault,
how do they differ from each other? Why? Correct Answers
The readings of the bioi of Hippo. differ slightly in the
geneology, teachers, and death of Hippocrates. This is due to the
fact that VHSS was directly drawing from the Soranus bioi,
while the Tzetzes and Suda were drawing upon Hesychius'
Onomatologous
Example:
1. Teachers: VHSS says four teachers (Heracleides, Herodicus,
Gorgias, Democritus), Suda doubts whether Hippocrates studied
with Democritus
2. Death:
i. Suda = died at 104, buried at Larissa
ii. VHSS = died between a range of ages, buried between
Larissa and Gyrton
iii. Tzetzes/Brussels' Life = died at 104, buried between Larissa
and Gyrton
, Bearing in mind that Galen paints himself as an eclectic, of what
value would it have been for him to write an introduction to the
medical sects for beginners? Correct Answers o Allows a wider
audience to access Galen's work
o Grants Galen authority over the subject
o Allows Galen to condemn Methodists (Allows Galen to
compete with the really popular/Roman-based Methodists)
o Galen sees that Methodists have no "knowledge"
Compare the Oath in Hippocratic Writings with the modern
version, what is different and what is the same? Correct
Answers Differences:
modern version = will practice profession with conscience and
dignity, my colleagues will be my brothers, I will not allow
race/sex/ethnicity/politics to affect my duty to my patient
Similarities
both = give thanks to teachers, keep patient confidentiality (no
gossiping), and make a vow/promise towards the end upon their
honor
Does the definition of 'science' change over the centuries? How?
Correct Answers Shift away from the deductive, logical
reasoning to more experimental method.
Naturalized epistemology: This shared emphasis on scientific
methods of studying knowledge shifts focus to the empirical
processes of knowledge acquisition and away from many
traditional philosophical questions
According to Galen, what are the differences between the three
sects? Correct Answers - Introduction to Empiricists
(experience) & Rationalists (method of reason)
o Not including Methodists (because they do not have any
fundamental "knowledge" because they are in between two ways
of getting to the cures)
According to Thomas Rütten, which of the following is part of
his so-called Heptalogue (multiple answers)?
Precept of sexual continence
Call for competence and specialization
Interdiction of abortion
Precept of purity and holiness
Proscription against euthanasia
Precept of beneficence and nonmaleficence
Precept of confidentiality Correct Answers all of them
Based on a close reading of The Oath, what appears to be the
historical reasons for the writing of the so-called 'Hippocratic
Oath'? Correct Answers - Allow students who do not belong to
a medical family to be able to take up the techne
- Forbid students of a certain teacher from doing high risk
procedures and doing improper things to uphold the honor of the
school they belong to
o No lithotomy, no destructive pessary, not providing deadly
drugs
o Do not engage in sexual acts with patients
,Based on your reading of Nutton, what methods were available
for a physician to distinguish himself from other ancient
practitioners of healthcare? Correct Answers o Greco-Roman
world: medicus (Roman healer) vs. iatros, midwives, root-
cutters (Medica Materia), pharmacists, religion
Means of demarcation: different medical sects, patra familia,
tax exemptions
Reasons for demarcation: competition, setting gold standard
(same as modern times)
Based on your readings of the bioi of Hippocrates in Pinault,
how do they differ from each other? Why? Correct Answers
The readings of the bioi of Hippo. differ slightly in the
geneology, teachers, and death of Hippocrates. This is due to the
fact that VHSS was directly drawing from the Soranus bioi,
while the Tzetzes and Suda were drawing upon Hesychius'
Onomatologous
Example:
1. Teachers: VHSS says four teachers (Heracleides, Herodicus,
Gorgias, Democritus), Suda doubts whether Hippocrates studied
with Democritus
2. Death:
i. Suda = died at 104, buried at Larissa
ii. VHSS = died between a range of ages, buried between
Larissa and Gyrton
iii. Tzetzes/Brussels' Life = died at 104, buried between Larissa
and Gyrton
, Bearing in mind that Galen paints himself as an eclectic, of what
value would it have been for him to write an introduction to the
medical sects for beginners? Correct Answers o Allows a wider
audience to access Galen's work
o Grants Galen authority over the subject
o Allows Galen to condemn Methodists (Allows Galen to
compete with the really popular/Roman-based Methodists)
o Galen sees that Methodists have no "knowledge"
Compare the Oath in Hippocratic Writings with the modern
version, what is different and what is the same? Correct
Answers Differences:
modern version = will practice profession with conscience and
dignity, my colleagues will be my brothers, I will not allow
race/sex/ethnicity/politics to affect my duty to my patient
Similarities
both = give thanks to teachers, keep patient confidentiality (no
gossiping), and make a vow/promise towards the end upon their
honor
Does the definition of 'science' change over the centuries? How?
Correct Answers Shift away from the deductive, logical
reasoning to more experimental method.
Naturalized epistemology: This shared emphasis on scientific
methods of studying knowledge shifts focus to the empirical
processes of knowledge acquisition and away from many
traditional philosophical questions
