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Articles of Confederation
1781-89 First form of US government
Annapolis Convention
Sept. 1786 5 States agreed on amending the articles of
confederation
Philidelphia convention
May-Sept 1787; States came to amend the articles of
confederation and left with the constitution
Articles of the Constitution
I = Legislative; II = Executive; III = Judicial, IV = Federalism
and interstate relations; V = Amendments, VI= Religious
tests, Supremacy clause
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,Supremacy Clause
States that the constitution shall be the supreme law of the
and; and the judges in every state shall be bound thereby.
Amendments
Original 10 (of 12)= Bill of Rights
the rest = general amendments (27)
Civil war amendments = (13-15) inlcuding the 14th
guaranteeing DUE PROCESS OF LAW and EQUAL
PROTECTION of the laws as state action
Enumerated
Written Down
Implied
Derived from the Necessary and Proper Clause ("Elastic
Clause")
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, Necessary and Proper Clause (McCulloch v. MD)
Authorizes congress to employ any means that are appropriate
and plainly adapted to the permitted end
Concurrent
Powers shared by national and state governments, e.g. the
powers to tax, borrow money, create courts and agencies, hold
elections
Amendment-Enforcing Powers of Congress
Newer recognized form of power, but are essentially implied
by the enforcement clause
Amendment XV (15)
1. Gave the right to vote to all, regardless of race, skin color,
or previous condition of servitude.
2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by
appropriate legislation
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