FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING,
RASMUSSEN FUNDAMENTALS EXAM
1, FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING -
MODULES 1 - 3 (EXAM 1) QUESTIONS
& ACTUAL ANSWERS ALL PASSED
origination of the word "nurse" - Correct Answer ✔✔ from the latin word "nutrix"
meaning to nourish
Interrelated roles of nurses - Correct Answer ✔✔ communicator, teacher, counselor,
leader, researcher, advocate, collaborator
coping with disability and death - Correct Answer ✔✔ nurses use optimal function of
maximum strengths and potentials, refer to community support systems; provide care to
families and patients during end-of-life care, hospice
The Nursing Process - Correct Answer ✔✔ -one of major guidelines for nursing practice
-helps nurses implement their roles
-integrates art and science of nursing
-allows nurses to use critical thinking and clinical reasoning
-defines the areas of care that are within the domain of nursing
Nurse Practice Acts - Correct Answer ✔✔ -define legal scope of nursing practice
-create state board of nursing to make and enforce rules and regulation
-define important terms and activities in nursing, including legal requirements and titles
for RNs and LPNs
- established criteria for the education and licensure of nurses
5 vital signs - Correct Answer ✔✔ respirations, pulse rate, blood pressure, temperature,
and pain
Nursing is recognized as profession based on what criteria - Correct Answer ✔✔ -well
defined body specific and unique knowledge
-strong service orientation
-recognized authority by a professional group (ANA)
-code of ethics
-professional organization that sets standards
-ongoing research
-autonomy and self-regulation
,Florence Nightingale - Correct Answer ✔✔ defined nursing as both an art and science,
differentiated nursing from medicine, created freestanding nursing education, published
books; founder of modern nursing
Clara Barton - Correct Answer ✔✔ established red cross; volunteered to care for
wounds and feed union soldiers during civil war; served as supervisor of nurses for the
army of James
sources of knowledge - Correct Answer ✔✔ -traditional ( passed down from generation
to generation)
-authoritative- comes from an expert, accepted as truth based on person's perceived
expertise
-scientific (obtained through the scientific method-research)
objective - Correct Answer ✔✔ you can see the object
subjective - Correct Answer ✔✔ coming from that subject
types of knowledge - Correct Answer ✔✔ -science (observing, identifying, describing,
investigating, and explaining events and occurences that are perceived in world)
-philosophy (the study of wisdom, fundamental knowledge, and the processes used to
develop and construct on perception on life)
-process (a series of actions, changes, or functions intended to bring about a desired
result)
goals of nursing research - Correct Answer ✔✔ -improve care in clinical setting
-study ppl and nurse process: education, policy development, ethics, nursing history
-develop greater autonomy and strength as a profession
-provide evidence-based nursing practice
deductive reasoning - Correct Answer ✔✔ examines a general idea and then considers
specific actions or ideas
inductive reasoning - Correct Answer ✔✔ one builds from specific ideas or actions to
conclusions about general ideas
health - Correct Answer ✔✔ a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being,
not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
illness - Correct Answer ✔✔ the unique response of a person to a disease; an abnormal
process involving changed level of functioning
wellness - Correct Answer ✔✔ an active state of being healthy by living a lifestyle
promoting good physical, mental, and emotional health
,nursing theory - Correct Answer ✔✔ differentiates nursing from other disciplines and
activities in that it serves the purposes of describing, explaining, predicting, and
controlling desired outcomes of nursing care practices
evidence-based practice (EBP) - Correct Answer ✔✔ a problem-solving approach to
making clinical decisions, using the best evidence available; blends both science and
art of nursing so best outcomes are achieved; may consist of specific nursing
interventions or use guidelines established for the care of patients
steps in implementing EBP - Correct Answer ✔✔ Step 1: ask a question about a clinical
area of interest or an intervention
Step 2: collect the most relevant and best evidence
Step 3: Critically appraise the evidence
Step 4: integrate the evidence w/ clinical expertise, patient preferences, and values in
making a decision to change
Step 5: evaluate the practice decision or change
human dimensions that compose the whole person - Correct Answer ✔✔ physical,
intellectual, environmental, spiritual, sociocultural, and emotional
acute illness - Correct Answer ✔✔ rapid onset of symptoms and lasts only a short time;
examples: cold, diarrhea, pneumonia, appendicitis
chronic illness - Correct Answer ✔✔ slow onset, characteristics: permanent change,
caused by change in anatomy, requires special patient education, long period of care or
support; examples: heart disease, diabetes, lung diseases, and arthritis
stages-of-illness behaviors - Correct Answer ✔✔ Stage 1: experiencing symptoms
Stage 2: assuming the sick role
Stage 3: assuming a dependent role
Stage 4: achieving recovery and rehabilitation
primary health promotion - Correct Answer ✔✔ directed towards PROMOTING health
and PREVENTING the development of disease processes or injury; example:
immunization clinic, family planning services, accident prevention education
secondary health promotion - Correct Answer ✔✔ focus on SCREENING for early
detection of disease with prompt diagnosis and treatment of any found; example:
assessing children for normal growth and development and encourage regular medical,
dental and vision exams
tertiary health promotion - Correct Answer ✔✔ after an illness is diagnosed and treated;
example: teaching a patient with diabetes how to recognize and prevent complications,
refer woman to support group after removal of breast due to cancer
, maslow hierarchy of needs - Correct Answer ✔✔ provides a framework for nursing
assessment and for understanding the needs of patients at all levels; many nursing
interventions are aimed at meeting patients' basic human needs
Maslows level 1: physiologic needs - Correct Answer ✔✔ oxygen, food, water, sex, rest,
physical activity; physiologic needs are highest priority
Maslows level 2: safety and security needs - Correct Answer ✔✔ both physical and
emotional components; being protected from potential or actual harm
Maslows level 3: love and belonging needs - Correct Answer ✔✔ often called higher-
level needs; understanding and acceptance of others in both giving and receiving love;
feeling of belonging; unmet needs produce loneliness and isolation
Maslows level 4: self-esteem needs - Correct Answer ✔✔ need for a person to feel
good about oneself, to feel pride and a sense of accomplishment, and to believe that
others also respect and appreciate those accomplishments; positive self-esteem
facilitates the person's confidence and independence
Maslows level 5: Self-Actualization - Correct Answer ✔✔ acceptance of self and others
as they are; each lower level must be met; focus of interest on problems outside
oneself; respect for all people; focus on strengths and possibilities vs problems
autonomy - Correct Answer ✔✔ respect rights of patients to make health care decisions
nonmaleficence - Correct Answer ✔✔ avoid causing harm
beneficence - Correct Answer ✔✔ benefit the patient; balance benefits against risks and
harms
nurse practice acts - Correct Answer ✔✔ each state has its own; protects public with
legal scope of nursing practice
standards - Correct Answer ✔✔ used as guidelines for peer review (ANA)
establishing an effective nurse-patient relationship - Correct Answer ✔✔ -reduce
anxiety through therapeutic communication, teaching, and acceptance
-remember that the patient has concerns and needs other medical ones
-communicate with the patient as an individual
-take time to learn about the patient being admitted
-provide for the family participation in all aspects of care
when does discharge planning start? - Correct Answer ✔✔ as soon as the patient
comes in the door
oral temperature for healthy adult - Correct Answer ✔✔ 37.0 C, 98.6 F
RASMUSSEN FUNDAMENTALS EXAM
1, FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING -
MODULES 1 - 3 (EXAM 1) QUESTIONS
& ACTUAL ANSWERS ALL PASSED
origination of the word "nurse" - Correct Answer ✔✔ from the latin word "nutrix"
meaning to nourish
Interrelated roles of nurses - Correct Answer ✔✔ communicator, teacher, counselor,
leader, researcher, advocate, collaborator
coping with disability and death - Correct Answer ✔✔ nurses use optimal function of
maximum strengths and potentials, refer to community support systems; provide care to
families and patients during end-of-life care, hospice
The Nursing Process - Correct Answer ✔✔ -one of major guidelines for nursing practice
-helps nurses implement their roles
-integrates art and science of nursing
-allows nurses to use critical thinking and clinical reasoning
-defines the areas of care that are within the domain of nursing
Nurse Practice Acts - Correct Answer ✔✔ -define legal scope of nursing practice
-create state board of nursing to make and enforce rules and regulation
-define important terms and activities in nursing, including legal requirements and titles
for RNs and LPNs
- established criteria for the education and licensure of nurses
5 vital signs - Correct Answer ✔✔ respirations, pulse rate, blood pressure, temperature,
and pain
Nursing is recognized as profession based on what criteria - Correct Answer ✔✔ -well
defined body specific and unique knowledge
-strong service orientation
-recognized authority by a professional group (ANA)
-code of ethics
-professional organization that sets standards
-ongoing research
-autonomy and self-regulation
,Florence Nightingale - Correct Answer ✔✔ defined nursing as both an art and science,
differentiated nursing from medicine, created freestanding nursing education, published
books; founder of modern nursing
Clara Barton - Correct Answer ✔✔ established red cross; volunteered to care for
wounds and feed union soldiers during civil war; served as supervisor of nurses for the
army of James
sources of knowledge - Correct Answer ✔✔ -traditional ( passed down from generation
to generation)
-authoritative- comes from an expert, accepted as truth based on person's perceived
expertise
-scientific (obtained through the scientific method-research)
objective - Correct Answer ✔✔ you can see the object
subjective - Correct Answer ✔✔ coming from that subject
types of knowledge - Correct Answer ✔✔ -science (observing, identifying, describing,
investigating, and explaining events and occurences that are perceived in world)
-philosophy (the study of wisdom, fundamental knowledge, and the processes used to
develop and construct on perception on life)
-process (a series of actions, changes, or functions intended to bring about a desired
result)
goals of nursing research - Correct Answer ✔✔ -improve care in clinical setting
-study ppl and nurse process: education, policy development, ethics, nursing history
-develop greater autonomy and strength as a profession
-provide evidence-based nursing practice
deductive reasoning - Correct Answer ✔✔ examines a general idea and then considers
specific actions or ideas
inductive reasoning - Correct Answer ✔✔ one builds from specific ideas or actions to
conclusions about general ideas
health - Correct Answer ✔✔ a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being,
not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
illness - Correct Answer ✔✔ the unique response of a person to a disease; an abnormal
process involving changed level of functioning
wellness - Correct Answer ✔✔ an active state of being healthy by living a lifestyle
promoting good physical, mental, and emotional health
,nursing theory - Correct Answer ✔✔ differentiates nursing from other disciplines and
activities in that it serves the purposes of describing, explaining, predicting, and
controlling desired outcomes of nursing care practices
evidence-based practice (EBP) - Correct Answer ✔✔ a problem-solving approach to
making clinical decisions, using the best evidence available; blends both science and
art of nursing so best outcomes are achieved; may consist of specific nursing
interventions or use guidelines established for the care of patients
steps in implementing EBP - Correct Answer ✔✔ Step 1: ask a question about a clinical
area of interest or an intervention
Step 2: collect the most relevant and best evidence
Step 3: Critically appraise the evidence
Step 4: integrate the evidence w/ clinical expertise, patient preferences, and values in
making a decision to change
Step 5: evaluate the practice decision or change
human dimensions that compose the whole person - Correct Answer ✔✔ physical,
intellectual, environmental, spiritual, sociocultural, and emotional
acute illness - Correct Answer ✔✔ rapid onset of symptoms and lasts only a short time;
examples: cold, diarrhea, pneumonia, appendicitis
chronic illness - Correct Answer ✔✔ slow onset, characteristics: permanent change,
caused by change in anatomy, requires special patient education, long period of care or
support; examples: heart disease, diabetes, lung diseases, and arthritis
stages-of-illness behaviors - Correct Answer ✔✔ Stage 1: experiencing symptoms
Stage 2: assuming the sick role
Stage 3: assuming a dependent role
Stage 4: achieving recovery and rehabilitation
primary health promotion - Correct Answer ✔✔ directed towards PROMOTING health
and PREVENTING the development of disease processes or injury; example:
immunization clinic, family planning services, accident prevention education
secondary health promotion - Correct Answer ✔✔ focus on SCREENING for early
detection of disease with prompt diagnosis and treatment of any found; example:
assessing children for normal growth and development and encourage regular medical,
dental and vision exams
tertiary health promotion - Correct Answer ✔✔ after an illness is diagnosed and treated;
example: teaching a patient with diabetes how to recognize and prevent complications,
refer woman to support group after removal of breast due to cancer
, maslow hierarchy of needs - Correct Answer ✔✔ provides a framework for nursing
assessment and for understanding the needs of patients at all levels; many nursing
interventions are aimed at meeting patients' basic human needs
Maslows level 1: physiologic needs - Correct Answer ✔✔ oxygen, food, water, sex, rest,
physical activity; physiologic needs are highest priority
Maslows level 2: safety and security needs - Correct Answer ✔✔ both physical and
emotional components; being protected from potential or actual harm
Maslows level 3: love and belonging needs - Correct Answer ✔✔ often called higher-
level needs; understanding and acceptance of others in both giving and receiving love;
feeling of belonging; unmet needs produce loneliness and isolation
Maslows level 4: self-esteem needs - Correct Answer ✔✔ need for a person to feel
good about oneself, to feel pride and a sense of accomplishment, and to believe that
others also respect and appreciate those accomplishments; positive self-esteem
facilitates the person's confidence and independence
Maslows level 5: Self-Actualization - Correct Answer ✔✔ acceptance of self and others
as they are; each lower level must be met; focus of interest on problems outside
oneself; respect for all people; focus on strengths and possibilities vs problems
autonomy - Correct Answer ✔✔ respect rights of patients to make health care decisions
nonmaleficence - Correct Answer ✔✔ avoid causing harm
beneficence - Correct Answer ✔✔ benefit the patient; balance benefits against risks and
harms
nurse practice acts - Correct Answer ✔✔ each state has its own; protects public with
legal scope of nursing practice
standards - Correct Answer ✔✔ used as guidelines for peer review (ANA)
establishing an effective nurse-patient relationship - Correct Answer ✔✔ -reduce
anxiety through therapeutic communication, teaching, and acceptance
-remember that the patient has concerns and needs other medical ones
-communicate with the patient as an individual
-take time to learn about the patient being admitted
-provide for the family participation in all aspects of care
when does discharge planning start? - Correct Answer ✔✔ as soon as the patient
comes in the door
oral temperature for healthy adult - Correct Answer ✔✔ 37.0 C, 98.6 F
