NSG 3850 PATHO EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Decreased neuromuscular excitability is often the result of
a. hypercalcemia and hypermagnesemia
b. hypomagnesemia and hyperkalemia
c. hypocalcemia and hypokalemia
d. hypernatremia and hypomagnesemia - Answers - A
What is likely to lead to hyponatremia?
a. insufficient ADH secretion
b. excess aldosterone secretion
c. administration of IV normal saline
d. frequent NG tube irrigation with water - Answers - D
An increase int he resting membrane potential (hyperpolarizied) is associated with
a. hypokalemia
b. hyperkalemia
c. hypocalcemia
d. hypercalcemia - Answers - A
Abnormalities in intracellular regulation of enzyme activity and cellular production of
ATP are associated with
a. hyponatremia
b. hypocalcemia
c. hypophosphatemia
d. hypokalemia - Answers - C
The fraction of total body water (TBW) volume contained in the intracellular space in
adults is
a. three fourths
b. two thirds
c. one half
d. one third - Answers - B
Clinical manifestations of severe symptomatic hypophosphatemia are caused by
a. excess proteins
b. renal damage
c. deficiency of ATP
d. hypocalcemia - Answers - C
A person who overuses magnesium-aluminum antacids for a long period of time is likely
to develop
a. hypokalemia
, b. hyperkalemia
c. hypophosphatemia
d. hyperphosphatemia - Answers - C
The electrolyte that has a higher concentration in the extracellular fluid that in the
intracellular fluid is ___ ions
a. sodium
b. phosphate
c. magnesium
d. potassium - Answers - A
A person who has hyperparathyroidism is likely to develop
a. hypokalemia
b. hyperkalemia
c. hypocalcemia
d. hypercalcemia - Answers - D
The inward-pulling force of particles in the vascular fluid is called _____ pressure
a. capillary hydrostatic
b. interstitial osmotic
c. capillary osmotic
d. interstitial hydrostatic - Answers - C
How do clinical conditions that increase vascular permeability cause edema?
a. through altering the negative charge on the capillary basement membrane, which
enables excessive fluid to accumulate in the interstitial compartment
b. by causing movement of fluid from the vascular compartment into the intracellular
compartment, which leads to cell swelling
c. through leakage of vascular fluid into the interstitial fluid, which increases interdigital
fluid hydrostatic pressure
d. by allowing plasma proteins to leak into the interstitial fluid, which draws in excess
fluid by increasing the interstitial fluid osmotic pressure - Answers - D
The process responsible for distribution of fluid between the interstitial and intracellular
compartments is
a. filtration
b. osmosis
c. active transport
d. diffusion - Answers - B
Which electrolyte imbalances cause increase neuromuscular excitability?
a. hypokalemia and hyperphosphatemia
b. hyperkalemia and hypophosphatemia
c. hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia
d. hypercalcemia and hypermagnesemia - Answers - C
ANSWERS
Decreased neuromuscular excitability is often the result of
a. hypercalcemia and hypermagnesemia
b. hypomagnesemia and hyperkalemia
c. hypocalcemia and hypokalemia
d. hypernatremia and hypomagnesemia - Answers - A
What is likely to lead to hyponatremia?
a. insufficient ADH secretion
b. excess aldosterone secretion
c. administration of IV normal saline
d. frequent NG tube irrigation with water - Answers - D
An increase int he resting membrane potential (hyperpolarizied) is associated with
a. hypokalemia
b. hyperkalemia
c. hypocalcemia
d. hypercalcemia - Answers - A
Abnormalities in intracellular regulation of enzyme activity and cellular production of
ATP are associated with
a. hyponatremia
b. hypocalcemia
c. hypophosphatemia
d. hypokalemia - Answers - C
The fraction of total body water (TBW) volume contained in the intracellular space in
adults is
a. three fourths
b. two thirds
c. one half
d. one third - Answers - B
Clinical manifestations of severe symptomatic hypophosphatemia are caused by
a. excess proteins
b. renal damage
c. deficiency of ATP
d. hypocalcemia - Answers - C
A person who overuses magnesium-aluminum antacids for a long period of time is likely
to develop
a. hypokalemia
, b. hyperkalemia
c. hypophosphatemia
d. hyperphosphatemia - Answers - C
The electrolyte that has a higher concentration in the extracellular fluid that in the
intracellular fluid is ___ ions
a. sodium
b. phosphate
c. magnesium
d. potassium - Answers - A
A person who has hyperparathyroidism is likely to develop
a. hypokalemia
b. hyperkalemia
c. hypocalcemia
d. hypercalcemia - Answers - D
The inward-pulling force of particles in the vascular fluid is called _____ pressure
a. capillary hydrostatic
b. interstitial osmotic
c. capillary osmotic
d. interstitial hydrostatic - Answers - C
How do clinical conditions that increase vascular permeability cause edema?
a. through altering the negative charge on the capillary basement membrane, which
enables excessive fluid to accumulate in the interstitial compartment
b. by causing movement of fluid from the vascular compartment into the intracellular
compartment, which leads to cell swelling
c. through leakage of vascular fluid into the interstitial fluid, which increases interdigital
fluid hydrostatic pressure
d. by allowing plasma proteins to leak into the interstitial fluid, which draws in excess
fluid by increasing the interstitial fluid osmotic pressure - Answers - D
The process responsible for distribution of fluid between the interstitial and intracellular
compartments is
a. filtration
b. osmosis
c. active transport
d. diffusion - Answers - B
Which electrolyte imbalances cause increase neuromuscular excitability?
a. hypokalemia and hyperphosphatemia
b. hyperkalemia and hypophosphatemia
c. hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia
d. hypercalcemia and hypermagnesemia - Answers - C
