NSG 3850 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Intracellular Compartment - Answers - Rich in potassium, magnesium, and
organic/inorganic phosphates
Low in sodium and chloride
Extracellular Compartment - Answers - Vascular (rich in protein)
Interstitial (protein deficient)
Transcelluar (rich in sodium, chloride, and bicarb) (Low in potassium, magnesium,
phosphate)
transcellular fluid - Answers - The fluid that is contained within specialized body
compartments such as cerebrospinal, pleural, and synovial cavities
Secreted by epithelial cells
thirst mechanism - Answers - Increased osmolarity or extracellular fluid
Decreased in older adults
Decreased circulating blood volume (blood loss)
Dryness of mucous membranes in mouth (elderly)
What organ systems must be healthy to absorb fluids and electrolytes? - Answers -
Kidneys
Osmotic pressure exerted by proteins - Answers - oncotic pressure
Cirrhosis patients
low albumin
The increase in urine output caused by the excretion of substances, such as glucose,
mannitol, or contrast agents in the urine. - Answers - Osmotic diuresis
outward push of vascular fluid against capillary walls - Answers - Capillary hydrostatic
pressure
Inward pulling force of particles (proteins) in the interstitial fluid - Answers - Intersitial
fluid colloid/oncotic osmotic pressure
Diffusion is - Answers - higher to lower
Osmosis is - Answers - lower to higher
Only ______ moves freely, not electrolytes - Answers - water
, Normal ways of loosing fluid - Answers - Sweating
urinating
Bowel movements
breathing
You need a good BP to perfuse the - Answers - kidneys
25% of perfusion
ADH - Answers - Released by BP, HTN, and exercise
Free water hormone
Reabsoprtion of water by the renal collecting ducts and dilutes the blood and other body
fluids
Aldosterone - Answers - Salt water hormone
Causes the renal tubules to reabsorb sodium and water, which expands the
extracellular fluid volume
What organ systems need to be healthy to maintain fluid homeostasis? - Answers -
Abnormal fluid excretions - Answers - Wounds
Hemorrhage
trauma
burns
vomiting
Paracentesis
GI tubes
Geriatric considerations - Answers - message mechanism isn't working
Inability to swallow
Misuse of medications
filtration rate is lower
If your sodium is normal, it is - Answers - fluid volume deficit
ECV deficit is caused by removal of a - Answers - salt containing fluid from volume
Reasons for ECV deficit - Answers - GI loss
Renal excretion
Paracentesis
hemorrhage
wound drainage
burns
Manifestations of hypovolemia - Answers - tissue dehydration (tenting);
Intracellular Compartment - Answers - Rich in potassium, magnesium, and
organic/inorganic phosphates
Low in sodium and chloride
Extracellular Compartment - Answers - Vascular (rich in protein)
Interstitial (protein deficient)
Transcelluar (rich in sodium, chloride, and bicarb) (Low in potassium, magnesium,
phosphate)
transcellular fluid - Answers - The fluid that is contained within specialized body
compartments such as cerebrospinal, pleural, and synovial cavities
Secreted by epithelial cells
thirst mechanism - Answers - Increased osmolarity or extracellular fluid
Decreased in older adults
Decreased circulating blood volume (blood loss)
Dryness of mucous membranes in mouth (elderly)
What organ systems must be healthy to absorb fluids and electrolytes? - Answers -
Kidneys
Osmotic pressure exerted by proteins - Answers - oncotic pressure
Cirrhosis patients
low albumin
The increase in urine output caused by the excretion of substances, such as glucose,
mannitol, or contrast agents in the urine. - Answers - Osmotic diuresis
outward push of vascular fluid against capillary walls - Answers - Capillary hydrostatic
pressure
Inward pulling force of particles (proteins) in the interstitial fluid - Answers - Intersitial
fluid colloid/oncotic osmotic pressure
Diffusion is - Answers - higher to lower
Osmosis is - Answers - lower to higher
Only ______ moves freely, not electrolytes - Answers - water
, Normal ways of loosing fluid - Answers - Sweating
urinating
Bowel movements
breathing
You need a good BP to perfuse the - Answers - kidneys
25% of perfusion
ADH - Answers - Released by BP, HTN, and exercise
Free water hormone
Reabsoprtion of water by the renal collecting ducts and dilutes the blood and other body
fluids
Aldosterone - Answers - Salt water hormone
Causes the renal tubules to reabsorb sodium and water, which expands the
extracellular fluid volume
What organ systems need to be healthy to maintain fluid homeostasis? - Answers -
Abnormal fluid excretions - Answers - Wounds
Hemorrhage
trauma
burns
vomiting
Paracentesis
GI tubes
Geriatric considerations - Answers - message mechanism isn't working
Inability to swallow
Misuse of medications
filtration rate is lower
If your sodium is normal, it is - Answers - fluid volume deficit
ECV deficit is caused by removal of a - Answers - salt containing fluid from volume
Reasons for ECV deficit - Answers - GI loss
Renal excretion
Paracentesis
hemorrhage
wound drainage
burns
Manifestations of hypovolemia - Answers - tissue dehydration (tenting);
