GCU BIO 182 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS
Green Algae - Correct Answers -____________ called charophytes are the closest
relatives of land plants.
Land plants share four key traits with only charophytes - Correct Answers -• Rings of
cellulose-synthesizing complexes
• Peroxisome enzymes
• Structure of flagellated sperm
• Formation of a phragmoplast
Sporopollenin - Correct Answers -In charophytes a layer of a durable polymer called
_____________ prevents exposed zygotes from drying out
Sporopollenin - Correct Answers -______________ is also found in plant spore walls
Four key traits appear in nearly all land plants but are absent in the charophytes -
Correct Answers -• Alternation of generations and multicellular, dependent embryos
• Walled spores produced in sporangia
• Multicellular gametangia
• Apical meristems
Alternation of Generations - Correct Answers -Plants alternate between two multicellular
stages, a reproductive cycle called ___________
Gametophyte - Correct Answers -The ____________ is haploid and produces haploid
gametes by mitosis
Placental transfer cells - Correct Answers -Nutrients are transferred from parent to
embryo through ___________________
Embryophytes - Correct Answers -Land plants are called ____________ because of the
dependency of the embryo on the parent
Sporangia - Correct Answers -The sporophyte produces spores in organs called
____________
Sporocytes - Correct Answers -Diploid cells called ___________ undergo meiosis to
generate haploid spores
, Sporopollenin - Correct Answers -Spore walls contain _______________, which makes
them resistant to harsh environments
Gametangia - Correct Answers -Gametes are produced within organs called
______________
Archegonia - Correct Answers -Female gametangia, called ____________, produce
eggs and are the site of fertilization
Antheridia - Correct Answers -Male gametangia, called ____________, produce and
release sperm
Apical meristems - Correct Answers -Plants sustain continual growth in their
____________
Cuticle - Correct Answers -A waxy covering of the epidermis
Vascular tissue - Correct Answers -Land plants can be informally grouped based on the
presence or absence of _____________
Vascular plants - Correct Answers -Most plants have vascular tissue; these constitute
the _______________
Bryophytes - Correct Answers -Nonvascular plants are commonly called ________
Bryophytes - Correct Answers -_____________ are not a monophyletic group; their
relationships to each other and to vascular plants is unresolved
Lycophytes - Correct Answers -Club mosses and their relatives
Seed - Correct Answers -A _________ is an embryo and nutrients surrounded by a
protective coat
Gymnosperms - Correct Answers -The "naked seed" plants, including the conifers
Angiosperms - Correct Answers -The flowering plants
Pterophytes - Correct Answers -Ferns and their relatives
Bryophytes - Correct Answers -Refers to all nonvascular plants
Bryophyta - Correct Answers -Refers only to the phylum of mosses
Protonema - Correct Answers -A spore germinates into a gametophyte composed of a
____________ and gamete-producing gametophore.
ANSWERS
Green Algae - Correct Answers -____________ called charophytes are the closest
relatives of land plants.
Land plants share four key traits with only charophytes - Correct Answers -• Rings of
cellulose-synthesizing complexes
• Peroxisome enzymes
• Structure of flagellated sperm
• Formation of a phragmoplast
Sporopollenin - Correct Answers -In charophytes a layer of a durable polymer called
_____________ prevents exposed zygotes from drying out
Sporopollenin - Correct Answers -______________ is also found in plant spore walls
Four key traits appear in nearly all land plants but are absent in the charophytes -
Correct Answers -• Alternation of generations and multicellular, dependent embryos
• Walled spores produced in sporangia
• Multicellular gametangia
• Apical meristems
Alternation of Generations - Correct Answers -Plants alternate between two multicellular
stages, a reproductive cycle called ___________
Gametophyte - Correct Answers -The ____________ is haploid and produces haploid
gametes by mitosis
Placental transfer cells - Correct Answers -Nutrients are transferred from parent to
embryo through ___________________
Embryophytes - Correct Answers -Land plants are called ____________ because of the
dependency of the embryo on the parent
Sporangia - Correct Answers -The sporophyte produces spores in organs called
____________
Sporocytes - Correct Answers -Diploid cells called ___________ undergo meiosis to
generate haploid spores
, Sporopollenin - Correct Answers -Spore walls contain _______________, which makes
them resistant to harsh environments
Gametangia - Correct Answers -Gametes are produced within organs called
______________
Archegonia - Correct Answers -Female gametangia, called ____________, produce
eggs and are the site of fertilization
Antheridia - Correct Answers -Male gametangia, called ____________, produce and
release sperm
Apical meristems - Correct Answers -Plants sustain continual growth in their
____________
Cuticle - Correct Answers -A waxy covering of the epidermis
Vascular tissue - Correct Answers -Land plants can be informally grouped based on the
presence or absence of _____________
Vascular plants - Correct Answers -Most plants have vascular tissue; these constitute
the _______________
Bryophytes - Correct Answers -Nonvascular plants are commonly called ________
Bryophytes - Correct Answers -_____________ are not a monophyletic group; their
relationships to each other and to vascular plants is unresolved
Lycophytes - Correct Answers -Club mosses and their relatives
Seed - Correct Answers -A _________ is an embryo and nutrients surrounded by a
protective coat
Gymnosperms - Correct Answers -The "naked seed" plants, including the conifers
Angiosperms - Correct Answers -The flowering plants
Pterophytes - Correct Answers -Ferns and their relatives
Bryophytes - Correct Answers -Refers to all nonvascular plants
Bryophyta - Correct Answers -Refers only to the phylum of mosses
Protonema - Correct Answers -A spore germinates into a gametophyte composed of a
____________ and gamete-producing gametophore.
