BIO 181 Final NCSU
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1. Which of the following is the biologi- Organism, population, ecosys-
cal organization of hierarchical ordered tem, biosphere
complexity of life that we will be cover-
ing in this course?
2. The following scenario is likely to result False. This is an example of
in evolution: A pregnant woman spends Lamarckian theory; it will not lead
too much time in the sun and suffers se- to changes in a population be-
vere sunburn. The sunlight causes ge- cause the changes that have oc-
netic changes to the DNA in her skin. curred are not heritable/ will not
inherited by the offspring.
3. The following scenario is likely to re- True. This is likely to result in
sult in evolution: Toxic levels of heavy evolution since heritable changes
metals are dumped as waste from coal are occurring in the DNA of
mines. Initially, no plants will grow on germ-line cells of the population
the waste dump; but eventually, some that is allowing the colonizing
grasses begin to colonize the dump plants to be resistant to the metal
sites and reproduce. toxicity. Thus, it is likely that future
offspring will inherit these traits
as well.
4. Darwin's work on the Galapagos Is- Inheriting acquired characteris-
lands led him to derive all of the follow- tics
ing concepts, EXCEPT:
5. Northern elephant seals have reduced Bottleneck Effect
genetic variation most likely due to be-
ing hunted. Hunting reduced their pop-
ulation size to as few as 20 individuals
at the end of the 19th century. Since
then, their population has rebounded
to over 30,000, but the genes still have
much less variation than the genes in a
population of Southern elephant seals
that were never hunted. This is an exam-
ple of...
6. Cladogenesis/branching evolution
, BIO 181 Final NCSU
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Species splits into two genetical-
ly-distinct populations adapted to
different ecosystems and/or sur-
vival strategies
7. Anagenesis/phyletic evolution When population of entire
species changes on genetic level
without a split
8. Our ancestors had much bigger jaws Evolution
than we do, which helped them chew
a tough diet, tear apart meat, etc. Their
teeth also wore down quickly. Wisdom
teeth (third molars) grew later in life,
and helped our ancestors continue to
eat. Today, ~35% of people are born
without wisdom teeth. This is an exam-
ple of:
9. Two members of the initial Amish mi- Founder Effect
gration to Pennsylvania in 1744 shared
the recessive allele for Ellis-van Crev-
eld syndrome, which results in a long
narrow chest and shortening of the
limbs. More Amish people have these
traits than the surrounding non-Amish
population. This is an example of...
10. In one to two sentences, describe one
contribution that Alfred Russel Wallace
made to the theory of evolution.
11. A population that is infinitely large and not evolve
in which mating is completely random
is mostly likely to:
12. All of the following EXCEPT which one e. Heterozygosity
are mechanisms/modes/ forces of evo-
lution?
a. Natural selection
, BIO 181 Final NCSU
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fizcvp
b. Mutation
c. Gene flow
d. Genetic drift
e. Heterozygosity
13. Evolutionary changes within a species Microevolution
are most accurately referred to as:
14. The only source of new genetic varia- Mutations
tion (material) is/are...
15. Which of these would support a popu- d. Mating is random
lation remaining at genetic equilibrium/
NOT evolving? (In other words, which of
these would not cause a population to
evolve?)
a. Migration occurs
b. Natural selection occurs
c. New mutations arise
d. Mating is random
e. There is genetic drift
16. One way species evolve is by... a. Leaving their day range
a. Leaving their day range c. Diversification
b. Being the same as their parents
c. Diversification
d. Magic
17. DNA shows that there are three sub- allopatric
species of African elephants: 1. the
West African species; 2. in Central,
Eastern, and Southern Africa, the Sa-
vanna Elephants; and 3. in Central
Africa, the forest elephants. This means
that African elephants are a great exam-
ple of ___ speciation.
18. Humans who are born too small can Stabilizing selection
lose heat easily, which can lead to
death. Babies born too large can lead
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fizcvp
1. Which of the following is the biologi- Organism, population, ecosys-
cal organization of hierarchical ordered tem, biosphere
complexity of life that we will be cover-
ing in this course?
2. The following scenario is likely to result False. This is an example of
in evolution: A pregnant woman spends Lamarckian theory; it will not lead
too much time in the sun and suffers se- to changes in a population be-
vere sunburn. The sunlight causes ge- cause the changes that have oc-
netic changes to the DNA in her skin. curred are not heritable/ will not
inherited by the offspring.
3. The following scenario is likely to re- True. This is likely to result in
sult in evolution: Toxic levels of heavy evolution since heritable changes
metals are dumped as waste from coal are occurring in the DNA of
mines. Initially, no plants will grow on germ-line cells of the population
the waste dump; but eventually, some that is allowing the colonizing
grasses begin to colonize the dump plants to be resistant to the metal
sites and reproduce. toxicity. Thus, it is likely that future
offspring will inherit these traits
as well.
4. Darwin's work on the Galapagos Is- Inheriting acquired characteris-
lands led him to derive all of the follow- tics
ing concepts, EXCEPT:
5. Northern elephant seals have reduced Bottleneck Effect
genetic variation most likely due to be-
ing hunted. Hunting reduced their pop-
ulation size to as few as 20 individuals
at the end of the 19th century. Since
then, their population has rebounded
to over 30,000, but the genes still have
much less variation than the genes in a
population of Southern elephant seals
that were never hunted. This is an exam-
ple of...
6. Cladogenesis/branching evolution
, BIO 181 Final NCSU
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fizcvp
Species splits into two genetical-
ly-distinct populations adapted to
different ecosystems and/or sur-
vival strategies
7. Anagenesis/phyletic evolution When population of entire
species changes on genetic level
without a split
8. Our ancestors had much bigger jaws Evolution
than we do, which helped them chew
a tough diet, tear apart meat, etc. Their
teeth also wore down quickly. Wisdom
teeth (third molars) grew later in life,
and helped our ancestors continue to
eat. Today, ~35% of people are born
without wisdom teeth. This is an exam-
ple of:
9. Two members of the initial Amish mi- Founder Effect
gration to Pennsylvania in 1744 shared
the recessive allele for Ellis-van Crev-
eld syndrome, which results in a long
narrow chest and shortening of the
limbs. More Amish people have these
traits than the surrounding non-Amish
population. This is an example of...
10. In one to two sentences, describe one
contribution that Alfred Russel Wallace
made to the theory of evolution.
11. A population that is infinitely large and not evolve
in which mating is completely random
is mostly likely to:
12. All of the following EXCEPT which one e. Heterozygosity
are mechanisms/modes/ forces of evo-
lution?
a. Natural selection
, BIO 181 Final NCSU
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fizcvp
b. Mutation
c. Gene flow
d. Genetic drift
e. Heterozygosity
13. Evolutionary changes within a species Microevolution
are most accurately referred to as:
14. The only source of new genetic varia- Mutations
tion (material) is/are...
15. Which of these would support a popu- d. Mating is random
lation remaining at genetic equilibrium/
NOT evolving? (In other words, which of
these would not cause a population to
evolve?)
a. Migration occurs
b. Natural selection occurs
c. New mutations arise
d. Mating is random
e. There is genetic drift
16. One way species evolve is by... a. Leaving their day range
a. Leaving their day range c. Diversification
b. Being the same as their parents
c. Diversification
d. Magic
17. DNA shows that there are three sub- allopatric
species of African elephants: 1. the
West African species; 2. in Central,
Eastern, and Southern Africa, the Sa-
vanna Elephants; and 3. in Central
Africa, the forest elephants. This means
that African elephants are a great exam-
ple of ___ speciation.
18. Humans who are born too small can Stabilizing selection
lose heat easily, which can lead to
death. Babies born too large can lead
