MCB2010: Exam 2 Practice Test
Questions with Correct Answers
Graded A+.
metabolism - Answer the sum of all chemical reactions (anabolic and catabolic) within a
living organism. OR and energy balance act
anabolism - Answer (synthesis), chemical reactions in which energy is used to synthesize
large molecules from simpler components
Example: 1) Amino acid + Amino acid
2) capsule synthesis in bacteria
dehydration synthesis - Answer removal of water to create a larger molecule
catabolism - Answer (hydrolysis), the chemical breakdown of complex molecules into simpler
substances. this process release energy
-Uses water
-break down of capsule under unfavorable conditions
simpler enzymes(pure enzymes) - Answer 100% protein
holoenzymes - Answer consists of a protein portion(apoenzyme) and a non protein
portion(coezyme or cofactor)
enzyme - Answer (organic catalysts), speed up rate of reactions
-proteins produced by living cells that change the rate of a reaction without being consumes by
the reaaction
-always function greatly/optimal when their is more substrate than enzyme
ribozymes - Answer a special type of RNA that has active sites
apoenzyme - Answer protein portion of holoenzyme
substrate - Answer substance on which enzyme works
-lactose, sugar, gelatin
-attaches to active site
,active site - Answer (catalytic site), the special portion of an enzyme that attaches to the
substrate
Coenzyme - Answer is an organic molecule such as: vitamin K which is used in electron
transport chain and folic acid that is used in the synthesis of nuclei acids
NON PROTEIN PORTION OF HOLOENZYME
Cofactor - Answer is an inorganic ion such as magnesium,zinc, or manganese,
NON PROTEIN PORTION OF HOLOENZYME
Holoenzyme - Answer to create this you need
-Apoenzyme and cofactor
Or
-Apoenzyme and Coenzyme
oxidoreductases - Answer cytochrome oxidase
transferases - Answer move a group (C,N,P, or S) from one substrate to another
Example: ALANINE DEAMINASE( Removes amino group and add it to another group)
hydrolases - Answer add water to break covalent bonds
EXAMPLE: sucrase, maltose
lyases - Answer break covalent bonds without adding water
Example: Isocitrate lyase
isomerases - Answer rearrangements of atoms within a molecule
Example: glucose-phosphate Isomerase(glycolsis step one)
true - Answer all proteins/enzymes are made inside of the cell
-because ribosome are made inside of the cell
-ribosomes makes protein
ligases - Answer join two molecule to form a larger molecule
, Example: DNA-LIGASE
-dna replication
constitutive enzymes - Answer made constant, enzymes made all of the time
-enzymes are involved in cellular respiration
Inducible(adaptive) enzymes - Answer made when substrate is present
-protein(enzymes made when they are needed)
temperature, PH, and substrate - Answer factors influencing enzymatic activity
true - Answer enzymes work better when their is more substrate than enyzmes
competitive inhibition - Answer a molecule similar to a substrate can bind to an enzymes
active site and prevent the formation of end products
Example: replacement of Para-Amino Benzoic
acid(PABA) with sulfamilamide
Non-competitive inhibtion - Answer substances such as lead and other heavy metals attach
to the enzyme at alosteric site(other site) and alter the shape of the active site
-when heavy metals bind to alosteric site, substrate can not get in because active site changes
resulting to end product
Feedback inhibition(End product inhibition) - Answer the inhibitor( end product) attaches to
the allosteric site of the enzyme when it is plentiful and is released when it is in short supply
-shape changes because some extra end product binded to alosteric site
FALSE(are not required but preferred) - Answer carbohydrate are required for aerobic
respiration(TRUE OR FALSE)
-are not required but preferred
false - Answer pyruvic acid enters into kreb cycle
-because it is converted into AcetyCoA which enters kreb cycle
Aerobic respiration of carbohyrates - Answer it is a process in which carbohydrates are
completely oxidized into H2O and energy(ATP). it involves the following three major steps:
1)Glycolysis
Questions with Correct Answers
Graded A+.
metabolism - Answer the sum of all chemical reactions (anabolic and catabolic) within a
living organism. OR and energy balance act
anabolism - Answer (synthesis), chemical reactions in which energy is used to synthesize
large molecules from simpler components
Example: 1) Amino acid + Amino acid
2) capsule synthesis in bacteria
dehydration synthesis - Answer removal of water to create a larger molecule
catabolism - Answer (hydrolysis), the chemical breakdown of complex molecules into simpler
substances. this process release energy
-Uses water
-break down of capsule under unfavorable conditions
simpler enzymes(pure enzymes) - Answer 100% protein
holoenzymes - Answer consists of a protein portion(apoenzyme) and a non protein
portion(coezyme or cofactor)
enzyme - Answer (organic catalysts), speed up rate of reactions
-proteins produced by living cells that change the rate of a reaction without being consumes by
the reaaction
-always function greatly/optimal when their is more substrate than enzyme
ribozymes - Answer a special type of RNA that has active sites
apoenzyme - Answer protein portion of holoenzyme
substrate - Answer substance on which enzyme works
-lactose, sugar, gelatin
-attaches to active site
,active site - Answer (catalytic site), the special portion of an enzyme that attaches to the
substrate
Coenzyme - Answer is an organic molecule such as: vitamin K which is used in electron
transport chain and folic acid that is used in the synthesis of nuclei acids
NON PROTEIN PORTION OF HOLOENZYME
Cofactor - Answer is an inorganic ion such as magnesium,zinc, or manganese,
NON PROTEIN PORTION OF HOLOENZYME
Holoenzyme - Answer to create this you need
-Apoenzyme and cofactor
Or
-Apoenzyme and Coenzyme
oxidoreductases - Answer cytochrome oxidase
transferases - Answer move a group (C,N,P, or S) from one substrate to another
Example: ALANINE DEAMINASE( Removes amino group and add it to another group)
hydrolases - Answer add water to break covalent bonds
EXAMPLE: sucrase, maltose
lyases - Answer break covalent bonds without adding water
Example: Isocitrate lyase
isomerases - Answer rearrangements of atoms within a molecule
Example: glucose-phosphate Isomerase(glycolsis step one)
true - Answer all proteins/enzymes are made inside of the cell
-because ribosome are made inside of the cell
-ribosomes makes protein
ligases - Answer join two molecule to form a larger molecule
, Example: DNA-LIGASE
-dna replication
constitutive enzymes - Answer made constant, enzymes made all of the time
-enzymes are involved in cellular respiration
Inducible(adaptive) enzymes - Answer made when substrate is present
-protein(enzymes made when they are needed)
temperature, PH, and substrate - Answer factors influencing enzymatic activity
true - Answer enzymes work better when their is more substrate than enyzmes
competitive inhibition - Answer a molecule similar to a substrate can bind to an enzymes
active site and prevent the formation of end products
Example: replacement of Para-Amino Benzoic
acid(PABA) with sulfamilamide
Non-competitive inhibtion - Answer substances such as lead and other heavy metals attach
to the enzyme at alosteric site(other site) and alter the shape of the active site
-when heavy metals bind to alosteric site, substrate can not get in because active site changes
resulting to end product
Feedback inhibition(End product inhibition) - Answer the inhibitor( end product) attaches to
the allosteric site of the enzyme when it is plentiful and is released when it is in short supply
-shape changes because some extra end product binded to alosteric site
FALSE(are not required but preferred) - Answer carbohydrate are required for aerobic
respiration(TRUE OR FALSE)
-are not required but preferred
false - Answer pyruvic acid enters into kreb cycle
-because it is converted into AcetyCoA which enters kreb cycle
Aerobic respiration of carbohyrates - Answer it is a process in which carbohydrates are
completely oxidized into H2O and energy(ATP). it involves the following three major steps:
1)Glycolysis
