2026 HESI RN
MEDICAL SURGICAL
500+ PRACTICE QUESTIONS
(NGN-STYLE QUESTIONS & CASE “SCENARIOS”)
Pass the Exam with Confidence
This Document contains:
➢ 500+ Questions with Correct Answers
➢ Passing Score Guarantee
➢ multiple-choice format (A, B, C, D) with correct answers
➢ Next Generation NCLEX (NGN)-style.
➢ Some questions feature “case scenarios”
A client with a completed ischemic stroke has a blood pressure of 180/90 mm
Hg. Which action should the nurse implement?
,A. Position the head of the bed (HOB) flat.
B. Withhold intravenous fluids.
C. Administer a bolus of IV fluids.
D. Give an antihypertensive medication.
D. Give an antihypertensive medication.
Rationale:
Most ischemic strokes occur during sleep when baseline blood pressure declines
or blood viscosity increases due to minimal fluid intake. Completed strokes usually
produce neurologic deficits within an hour, and the client's current elevated blood
pressure requires antihypertensive medication.
A client who is receiving chemotherapy asks the nurse, "Why is so much of my
hair falling out each day?" Which response by the nurse best explains the reason
for alopecia?
A. "Chemotherapy affects the cells of the body that grow rapidly, both normal
and malignant."
B. "Alopecia is a common side effect you will experience during long-term
steroid therapy."
C. "Your hair will grow back completely after your course of chemotherapy is
completed."
D. "The chemotherapy causes permanent alterations in your hair follicles that
lead to hair loss."
A. "Chemotherapy affects the cells of the body that grow rapidly, both normal and
malignant."
Rationale:
The common adverse effects of chemotherapy (nausea, vomiting, alopecia, bone
marrow depression) are due to chemotherapy's effect on the rapidly reproducing
cells, both normal and malignant.
After checking the urinary drainage system for kinks in the tubing, the nurse
determines that a client who has returned from the post-anesthesia care has a
dark, concentrated urinary output of 54 ml for the last 2 hours. What priority
,nursing action should be implemented?
A. Report the findings to the surgeon.
B. Irrigate the indwelling urinary catheter.
C. Apply manual pressure to the bladder.
D. Increase the IV flow rate for 15 minutes.
A. Report the findings to the surgeon.
Rationale:
An adult who weighs 132 pounds (60 kg) should produce about 60 ml of urine
hourly (1 ml/kg/hour). Dark, concentrated, and low volume of urine output should
be reported to the surgeon.
A male client who smokes two packs of cigarettes a day states he understands
that smoking cigarettes is contributing to the difficulty that he and his wife are
having in getting pregnant and wants to know if other factors could be
contributing to their difficulty. What information is best for the nurse to
provide? (Select all that apply.)
Select all that apply
A. Marijuana cigarettes do not affect sperm count.
B. Alcohol consumption can cause erectile dysfunction.
C. Low testosterone levels affect sperm production.
D. Cessation of smoking improves general health and fertility.
E. Obesity has no effect on sperm production.
B, C and D
Rationale:
Use of tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana may affect sperm counts. Sperm count is
also negatively affected by low testerone levels and obesity.
A client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has been experiencing
severe reflux during sleep. Which recommendation by the nurse is most
effective to assist the client?
A. Losing weight.
, B. Decreasing caffeine intake.
C. Avoiding large meals.
D. Raising the head of the bed on blocks.
D. Raising the head of the bed on blocks.
Rationale:
Raising the head of the bed on blocks (reverse Trendelenburg position) to reduce
reflux and subsequent aspiration is the most non-pharmacological effective
recommendation for a client experiencing severe gastroesophageal reflux during
sleep.
A 51-year-old truck driver who smokes two packs of cigarettes a day and is 30
pounds overweight is diagnosed with having a gastric ulcer. What content is
most important for the nurse to include in the discharge teaching for this client?
A. Information about smoking cessation.
B. Diet instructions for a low-residue diet.
C. Instructions on a weight-loss program.
D. The importance of increasing milk in the diet.
A. Information about smoking cessation.
Rationale:
Smoking has been associated with ulcer formation, and stopping or decreasing the
number of cigarettes smoked per day is an important aspect of ulcer
management.
What types of medications should the nurse expect to administer to a client
during an acute respiratory distress episode?
A. Vasodilators and hormones.
B. Analgesics and sedatives.
C. Anticoagulants and expectorants.
D. Bronchodilators and steroids.
D. Bronchodilators and steroids.
Rationale:
MEDICAL SURGICAL
500+ PRACTICE QUESTIONS
(NGN-STYLE QUESTIONS & CASE “SCENARIOS”)
Pass the Exam with Confidence
This Document contains:
➢ 500+ Questions with Correct Answers
➢ Passing Score Guarantee
➢ multiple-choice format (A, B, C, D) with correct answers
➢ Next Generation NCLEX (NGN)-style.
➢ Some questions feature “case scenarios”
A client with a completed ischemic stroke has a blood pressure of 180/90 mm
Hg. Which action should the nurse implement?
,A. Position the head of the bed (HOB) flat.
B. Withhold intravenous fluids.
C. Administer a bolus of IV fluids.
D. Give an antihypertensive medication.
D. Give an antihypertensive medication.
Rationale:
Most ischemic strokes occur during sleep when baseline blood pressure declines
or blood viscosity increases due to minimal fluid intake. Completed strokes usually
produce neurologic deficits within an hour, and the client's current elevated blood
pressure requires antihypertensive medication.
A client who is receiving chemotherapy asks the nurse, "Why is so much of my
hair falling out each day?" Which response by the nurse best explains the reason
for alopecia?
A. "Chemotherapy affects the cells of the body that grow rapidly, both normal
and malignant."
B. "Alopecia is a common side effect you will experience during long-term
steroid therapy."
C. "Your hair will grow back completely after your course of chemotherapy is
completed."
D. "The chemotherapy causes permanent alterations in your hair follicles that
lead to hair loss."
A. "Chemotherapy affects the cells of the body that grow rapidly, both normal and
malignant."
Rationale:
The common adverse effects of chemotherapy (nausea, vomiting, alopecia, bone
marrow depression) are due to chemotherapy's effect on the rapidly reproducing
cells, both normal and malignant.
After checking the urinary drainage system for kinks in the tubing, the nurse
determines that a client who has returned from the post-anesthesia care has a
dark, concentrated urinary output of 54 ml for the last 2 hours. What priority
,nursing action should be implemented?
A. Report the findings to the surgeon.
B. Irrigate the indwelling urinary catheter.
C. Apply manual pressure to the bladder.
D. Increase the IV flow rate for 15 minutes.
A. Report the findings to the surgeon.
Rationale:
An adult who weighs 132 pounds (60 kg) should produce about 60 ml of urine
hourly (1 ml/kg/hour). Dark, concentrated, and low volume of urine output should
be reported to the surgeon.
A male client who smokes two packs of cigarettes a day states he understands
that smoking cigarettes is contributing to the difficulty that he and his wife are
having in getting pregnant and wants to know if other factors could be
contributing to their difficulty. What information is best for the nurse to
provide? (Select all that apply.)
Select all that apply
A. Marijuana cigarettes do not affect sperm count.
B. Alcohol consumption can cause erectile dysfunction.
C. Low testosterone levels affect sperm production.
D. Cessation of smoking improves general health and fertility.
E. Obesity has no effect on sperm production.
B, C and D
Rationale:
Use of tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana may affect sperm counts. Sperm count is
also negatively affected by low testerone levels and obesity.
A client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has been experiencing
severe reflux during sleep. Which recommendation by the nurse is most
effective to assist the client?
A. Losing weight.
, B. Decreasing caffeine intake.
C. Avoiding large meals.
D. Raising the head of the bed on blocks.
D. Raising the head of the bed on blocks.
Rationale:
Raising the head of the bed on blocks (reverse Trendelenburg position) to reduce
reflux and subsequent aspiration is the most non-pharmacological effective
recommendation for a client experiencing severe gastroesophageal reflux during
sleep.
A 51-year-old truck driver who smokes two packs of cigarettes a day and is 30
pounds overweight is diagnosed with having a gastric ulcer. What content is
most important for the nurse to include in the discharge teaching for this client?
A. Information about smoking cessation.
B. Diet instructions for a low-residue diet.
C. Instructions on a weight-loss program.
D. The importance of increasing milk in the diet.
A. Information about smoking cessation.
Rationale:
Smoking has been associated with ulcer formation, and stopping or decreasing the
number of cigarettes smoked per day is an important aspect of ulcer
management.
What types of medications should the nurse expect to administer to a client
during an acute respiratory distress episode?
A. Vasodilators and hormones.
B. Analgesics and sedatives.
C. Anticoagulants and expectorants.
D. Bronchodilators and steroids.
D. Bronchodilators and steroids.
Rationale:
