PORTAGE BIOD 151 FINAL EXAM
55+ (Updated for 2026) Exam Prep Pack | A+ Questions & Verified
Answers
100% Guarantee Pass
📋 DOCUMENT OVERVIEW 56 Qs
This document, "Portage BIOD 151 Final Exam," covers various biology topics, including cellular
respiration, cell membrane structure, endocytosis, anabolism, tissue types, homeostatic regulation,
and cellular energy production. Each question is provided with a correct answer and detailed
explanations, accompanied by diagrams and images. Students can utilize this document to study,
review, and deeply understand these concepts, making it a valuable resource for exam preparation
and reinforcing their knowledge in biology.
✓ Verified Answers ✓ Exam Ready ✓ Study Guide
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide
EXAM QUESTIONS
QUESTION 1
List two organs contained in the abdominal cavity.
CORRECT ANSWER
The abdominal cavity contains the stomach, intestines, spleen and liver
RATIONALE: The statement is correct because the abdominal cavity is defined as the space within the abdominal wall
that houses various essential organs, and the stomach, intestines, spleen, and liver are all known to be located within
this cavity. By listing these organs, the statement accurately illustrates the types of structures that can be found
within the abdominal cavity, fulfilling the request to list two organs contained in this area.
QUESTION 2
a. The purpose of cellular respiration is to produce ADP. (T or F)
CORRECT ANSWER
a. False- (ATP is produced, not ADP)
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, RATIONALE: The purpose of cellular respiration is to generate energy for the cell in the form of ATP (adenosine
triphosphate) through the breakdown of glucose and other organic molecules. Cellular respiration ultimately results in
the production of ATP, not ADP, as ADP is actually a precursor to ATP that serves as a storage form of energy, which is
replenished through the cellular respiration process.
QUESTION 3
b. Peripheral proteins are found on the outer surface of a cell membrane. (T or F)
CORRECT ANSWER
b. True
RATIONALE: Peripheral proteins are attached to the surface of the cell membrane but are not embedded within it,
making them accessible from the outside. This attachment allows them to interact with molecules and cells outside
the cell membrane, which is essential for various cellular functions such as cell signaling and adhesion.
QUESTION 4
c. Exocytosis is the process that occurs to bring biomacromolecules inside the cell. (T or F)
CORRECT ANSWER
c. False- (This process is called endocytosis)
RATIONALE: Exocytosis is the process where biomacromolecules are transported out of the cell by being packaged
into vesicles and released outside. The process that brings biomacromolecules inside the cell is actually endocytosis,
which involves the cell membrane engulfing external substances and pulling them inwards, making the given
statement false.
QUESTION 5
d. Receptor mediated endocytosis uses a signaling molecule from another cell, binding to the cell
membrane to bring about changes within the cell proteins. (T or F)
CORRECT ANSWER
d. True
RATIONALE: Receptor-mediated endocytosis involves the binding of a signaling molecule from outside the cell to a
receptor on the cell membrane, but this binding itself does not directly bring about changes within the cell proteins -
rather, it triggers a series of intracellular signals. The binding of the signaling molecule to the receptor is a critical step
that sets off these signals, leading to changes in cell proteins.
QUESTION 6
e. Endocytosis is a passive process. It does not require cellular energy expenditure.(T or F)
CORRECT ANSWER
e. False- (Endocytosis is an active process and requires cellular energy)
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, RATIONALE: Endocytosis involves the engulfment of substances into the cell through the formation of vesicles, which
requires the cell to expend energy to pump molecules against their concentration gradient, thereby making it an
active process. This energy expenditure is necessary to overcome the natural tendency of molecules to move from a
region of high concentration to one of low concentration, making the statement false.
QUESTION 7
In your own words, discuss Tay Sachs disease. What organelle within the cell is impacted? What are
the symptoms of the disease and why do they occur?
CORRECT ANSWER
Tay-Sachs disease impacts the lysosome of the cell because a digestive enzyme is lacking. This leads to
toxic lipid build-up in the brain that cannot be broken down. This can lead to disability and death.
RATIONALE: Tay-Sachs disease occurs due to the deficiency of a specific enzyme responsible for breaking down lipids,
which leads to a toxic build-up in the lysosomes of cells, particularly in the brain, causing damage and disability. This
toxic build-up is the underlying cause of the symptoms associated with Tay-Sachs disease, including progressive
neurological deterioration and eventual death.
QUESTION 8
You are observing two cells under the microscope. They are the same type of eukaryotic cell but one
appears much larger. Based on appearance alone, which one would you expect to be carrying out
respiration at a more active rate, the larger or smaller cell? Explain why.
CORRECT ANSWER
The smaller cell. Cells need to remain relatively small because as a cell expands the amount of surface
area relative to the volume of the cell decreases. The smaller cell is more active because relative to its
volume, its surface area is larger than a bigger cell. With a larger surface area (relative to its volume)
this allows the metabolic processes to occur faster.
RATIONALE: As cells grow in size, their surface area increases at a slower rate than their volume, resulting in a
relative decrease in surface area to volume ratio. This means the smaller cell has a larger surface area relative to its
volume, allowing metabolic processes, including respiration, to occur more rapidly.
QUESTION 9
Explain what happens to the soft palate during swallowing. Why?
CORRECT ANSWER
The upward movement of the soft palate prevents food or liquid from entering the nasal passages
during swallowing.
RATIONALE: During swallowing, the soft palate moves upward to close off the nasopharynx, creating a physical
barrier that separates the oral and nasal cavities. This upward movement is necessary to prevent food or liquid from
entering the nasal passages and to ensure that the food or liquid follows the normal path through the pharynx and
into the esophagus for digestion.
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55+ (Updated for 2026) Exam Prep Pack | A+ Questions & Verified
Answers
100% Guarantee Pass
📋 DOCUMENT OVERVIEW 56 Qs
This document, "Portage BIOD 151 Final Exam," covers various biology topics, including cellular
respiration, cell membrane structure, endocytosis, anabolism, tissue types, homeostatic regulation,
and cellular energy production. Each question is provided with a correct answer and detailed
explanations, accompanied by diagrams and images. Students can utilize this document to study,
review, and deeply understand these concepts, making it a valuable resource for exam preparation
and reinforcing their knowledge in biology.
✓ Verified Answers ✓ Exam Ready ✓ Study Guide
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide
EXAM QUESTIONS
QUESTION 1
List two organs contained in the abdominal cavity.
CORRECT ANSWER
The abdominal cavity contains the stomach, intestines, spleen and liver
RATIONALE: The statement is correct because the abdominal cavity is defined as the space within the abdominal wall
that houses various essential organs, and the stomach, intestines, spleen, and liver are all known to be located within
this cavity. By listing these organs, the statement accurately illustrates the types of structures that can be found
within the abdominal cavity, fulfilling the request to list two organs contained in this area.
QUESTION 2
a. The purpose of cellular respiration is to produce ADP. (T or F)
CORRECT ANSWER
a. False- (ATP is produced, not ADP)
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 1 of 20
, RATIONALE: The purpose of cellular respiration is to generate energy for the cell in the form of ATP (adenosine
triphosphate) through the breakdown of glucose and other organic molecules. Cellular respiration ultimately results in
the production of ATP, not ADP, as ADP is actually a precursor to ATP that serves as a storage form of energy, which is
replenished through the cellular respiration process.
QUESTION 3
b. Peripheral proteins are found on the outer surface of a cell membrane. (T or F)
CORRECT ANSWER
b. True
RATIONALE: Peripheral proteins are attached to the surface of the cell membrane but are not embedded within it,
making them accessible from the outside. This attachment allows them to interact with molecules and cells outside
the cell membrane, which is essential for various cellular functions such as cell signaling and adhesion.
QUESTION 4
c. Exocytosis is the process that occurs to bring biomacromolecules inside the cell. (T or F)
CORRECT ANSWER
c. False- (This process is called endocytosis)
RATIONALE: Exocytosis is the process where biomacromolecules are transported out of the cell by being packaged
into vesicles and released outside. The process that brings biomacromolecules inside the cell is actually endocytosis,
which involves the cell membrane engulfing external substances and pulling them inwards, making the given
statement false.
QUESTION 5
d. Receptor mediated endocytosis uses a signaling molecule from another cell, binding to the cell
membrane to bring about changes within the cell proteins. (T or F)
CORRECT ANSWER
d. True
RATIONALE: Receptor-mediated endocytosis involves the binding of a signaling molecule from outside the cell to a
receptor on the cell membrane, but this binding itself does not directly bring about changes within the cell proteins -
rather, it triggers a series of intracellular signals. The binding of the signaling molecule to the receptor is a critical step
that sets off these signals, leading to changes in cell proteins.
QUESTION 6
e. Endocytosis is a passive process. It does not require cellular energy expenditure.(T or F)
CORRECT ANSWER
e. False- (Endocytosis is an active process and requires cellular energy)
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 2 of 20
, RATIONALE: Endocytosis involves the engulfment of substances into the cell through the formation of vesicles, which
requires the cell to expend energy to pump molecules against their concentration gradient, thereby making it an
active process. This energy expenditure is necessary to overcome the natural tendency of molecules to move from a
region of high concentration to one of low concentration, making the statement false.
QUESTION 7
In your own words, discuss Tay Sachs disease. What organelle within the cell is impacted? What are
the symptoms of the disease and why do they occur?
CORRECT ANSWER
Tay-Sachs disease impacts the lysosome of the cell because a digestive enzyme is lacking. This leads to
toxic lipid build-up in the brain that cannot be broken down. This can lead to disability and death.
RATIONALE: Tay-Sachs disease occurs due to the deficiency of a specific enzyme responsible for breaking down lipids,
which leads to a toxic build-up in the lysosomes of cells, particularly in the brain, causing damage and disability. This
toxic build-up is the underlying cause of the symptoms associated with Tay-Sachs disease, including progressive
neurological deterioration and eventual death.
QUESTION 8
You are observing two cells under the microscope. They are the same type of eukaryotic cell but one
appears much larger. Based on appearance alone, which one would you expect to be carrying out
respiration at a more active rate, the larger or smaller cell? Explain why.
CORRECT ANSWER
The smaller cell. Cells need to remain relatively small because as a cell expands the amount of surface
area relative to the volume of the cell decreases. The smaller cell is more active because relative to its
volume, its surface area is larger than a bigger cell. With a larger surface area (relative to its volume)
this allows the metabolic processes to occur faster.
RATIONALE: As cells grow in size, their surface area increases at a slower rate than their volume, resulting in a
relative decrease in surface area to volume ratio. This means the smaller cell has a larger surface area relative to its
volume, allowing metabolic processes, including respiration, to occur more rapidly.
QUESTION 9
Explain what happens to the soft palate during swallowing. Why?
CORRECT ANSWER
The upward movement of the soft palate prevents food or liquid from entering the nasal passages
during swallowing.
RATIONALE: During swallowing, the soft palate moves upward to close off the nasopharynx, creating a physical
barrier that separates the oral and nasal cavities. This upward movement is necessary to prevent food or liquid from
entering the nasal passages and to ensure that the food or liquid follows the normal path through the pharynx and
into the esophagus for digestion.
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