NASM CES FULL QUESTION SOLUTION
SHEET 2026 ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ Mobility restriction. Answer: The inability to move a joint through
what should be its full range of motion.
⩥ Ankle Dorsiflexion (Weight-Bearing Lunge Test). Answer: Client
position: Standing in a lunge position with shoes off, feet straight, and
heels planted firmly on the ground and toes positioned approximately 2
inches away from the wall
Target motions: The client's front leg (test leg) lunges toward the wall,
using hands for support, until the ankle and foot reach their end-range.
The back foot is positioned to support the overall posture.
Normal mobility: The client is able to touch the wall with the forward-
bending knee without compensation.
Restricted dorsiflexion: The client is unable to touch the wall or displays
compensations such as heel lift, foot external rotation, arch collapse, or
knee valgus.
Overactive/shortened: Gastrocnemius and soleus
,⩥ First MTP (Great Toe) Extension. Answer: Client position: Standing
or seated
Type of motion: Active Target motions: The client moves the right big
toe upward (extension) as far as possible while keeping other toes and
foot stable, and then performs the same movement with the left big toe.
Normal mobility: The client is able to extend the big toe above other
toes without compensation.
Restricted MTP extension: The client is unable to extend big toe above
others or displays compensations such as movement through the other
toes or accessory movement through the foot and/or tibia.
Overactive/shortened: Flexor hallucis longus
⩥ Active Knee Flexion Test (Duncan-Ely Test*). Answer: Client
position: Lying prone on a table
Target motions: The client actively flexes the right knee as far as
tolerable, then performs with the left knee.
Normal mobility: The client can bring the foot close to or touching their
buttocks without compensation.
, Restricted knee flexion: The client is unable to reach the desired ROM
target or displays compensations such as the test hip lifting off the table.
Overactive/shortened: Quadriceps complex
⩥ Active Knee Extension Test. Answer: Client Position: Lying supine on
a table
Target motion: The client holds the test leg in 90 degrees of hip flexion
and knee flexion. The pelvis should not posteriorly rotate or lumbar
spine flatten. The client actively extends the knee while keeping the hip
stable. The client's other leg is straight and relaxed on the table.
Normal mobility: The client can extend the knee nearly or completely
straight without compensation.
Restricted knee extension: The client is unable to extend their knee to
the desired ROM or displays compensations such as the test thigh
moving into extension (back toward the table) or movement in the
opposite leg.
Overactive/shortened: Hamstrings complex
SHEET 2026 ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ Mobility restriction. Answer: The inability to move a joint through
what should be its full range of motion.
⩥ Ankle Dorsiflexion (Weight-Bearing Lunge Test). Answer: Client
position: Standing in a lunge position with shoes off, feet straight, and
heels planted firmly on the ground and toes positioned approximately 2
inches away from the wall
Target motions: The client's front leg (test leg) lunges toward the wall,
using hands for support, until the ankle and foot reach their end-range.
The back foot is positioned to support the overall posture.
Normal mobility: The client is able to touch the wall with the forward-
bending knee without compensation.
Restricted dorsiflexion: The client is unable to touch the wall or displays
compensations such as heel lift, foot external rotation, arch collapse, or
knee valgus.
Overactive/shortened: Gastrocnemius and soleus
,⩥ First MTP (Great Toe) Extension. Answer: Client position: Standing
or seated
Type of motion: Active Target motions: The client moves the right big
toe upward (extension) as far as possible while keeping other toes and
foot stable, and then performs the same movement with the left big toe.
Normal mobility: The client is able to extend the big toe above other
toes without compensation.
Restricted MTP extension: The client is unable to extend big toe above
others or displays compensations such as movement through the other
toes or accessory movement through the foot and/or tibia.
Overactive/shortened: Flexor hallucis longus
⩥ Active Knee Flexion Test (Duncan-Ely Test*). Answer: Client
position: Lying prone on a table
Target motions: The client actively flexes the right knee as far as
tolerable, then performs with the left knee.
Normal mobility: The client can bring the foot close to or touching their
buttocks without compensation.
, Restricted knee flexion: The client is unable to reach the desired ROM
target or displays compensations such as the test hip lifting off the table.
Overactive/shortened: Quadriceps complex
⩥ Active Knee Extension Test. Answer: Client Position: Lying supine on
a table
Target motion: The client holds the test leg in 90 degrees of hip flexion
and knee flexion. The pelvis should not posteriorly rotate or lumbar
spine flatten. The client actively extends the knee while keeping the hip
stable. The client's other leg is straight and relaxed on the table.
Normal mobility: The client can extend the knee nearly or completely
straight without compensation.
Restricted knee extension: The client is unable to extend their knee to
the desired ROM or displays compensations such as the test thigh
moving into extension (back toward the table) or movement in the
opposite leg.
Overactive/shortened: Hamstrings complex
