(2025/2026 EDITION) ELECTRICAL / ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS –
THEORY, DIAGNOSIS, TESTING, AND REPAIR PROCEDURES
Computerized control systems (ECU/ECM) | network communication (can bus
basics) | diagnostic troubleshooting | multimeter and scan tool use | voltage
drop testing | short circuit and open circuit diagnosis
1. When using a DMM (Digital Multimeter) voltmeter function to check for a voltage drop,
meter leads should be connected in which of the following ways?
a. On the "positive" side of the circuit
b. Across the component or circuit
c. To any non-conductive material
d. In series with the circuit
b. Across the component or circuit
Voltage is always checked in parallel or across the device or circuit.
2. Which of the following is correct regarding a series circuit?
a. Highest resistance has most current
b. Lowest resistance has most current
c. Lowest resistance has highest voltage drop
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, d. Highest resistance has highest voltage drop
d. Highest resistance has highest voltage drop
Based on Kirchhoff's Voltage Law: Voltage higher before resistance than after, which is the result
of total applied voltage not equal at both ends of a single load circuit. Resistance in circuit
opposes electron flow with resulting voltage loss applied to load. The Loss is voltage drop with
the voltage lost/consumed as current moves through resistance. HIGHER Resistance, HIGHER
DROP.
3. When a Digital Multimeter (DMM) is used to measure DC voltage and is connected in parallel
to the load device, which of the following defines the reading?
a. Amperage reading
b. Voltage drop
c. Voltage spike
d. Pulse width modulation
b. Voltage drop
Based on Kirchhoff's Voltage Law: Sum of voltage drops in any circuit will equal source VOLTAGE
or VOLTAGE applied to circuit.
4. Which of the following tools can be used to check the continuity of wires that carry digital
signals?
a. Megger Meter
b. Analog meter
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