FULL SOLUTION QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
●● Basic Trust Vs Mistrust (Erikson).
Answer: infants learn trust and develop a sense of safety through the
consistency of the caregiver meeting their needs (birth to one year)
●● Autonomy Vs Shame & Doubt (Erikson).
Answer: toddlers learn to do things for themselves through
encouragement and support (1-3 years)
●● Initiative Vs Guilt (Erikson).
Answer: preschoolers learn to initiate tasks and carry out plans or they
feel guilty about their efforts at independence (3-6 years)
●● Industry Vs Inferiority (Erikson).
Answer: school-age children learn the pleasure of applying oneself to a
task, or they feel inferior (6-12 years)
●● Identity Vs Role Confusion (Erikson).
,Answer: teenagers develop a sense of self by testing roles and then
integrating them to form a single identity, or they become confused
about who they are (12-20 years)
●● Intimacy Vs Isolation (Erikson).
Answer: young adults work on forming and maintaining intimate
relationships or they feel socially isolated (20-25 years)
●● Generativity Vs Stagnation (Erikson).
Answer: middle-aged adults discover a sense of contributing through
family or work, or they may feel a lack of purpose (25-65 years)
●● Ego Integrity Vs Despair (Erikson).
Answer: older adults reflect on satisfaction with their lives or feel a
sense of failure (65 years to death)
●● Social Development - Micro.
Answer: learning how to behave and interact well with others; learning
how to manage feelings in a way that is productive rather than
counterproductive
●● Social Development - Macro.
,Answer: learning how people interact in groups and society (family,
community), especially in regards to social norms, institutional change,
and inclusion
●● Emotional Development.
Answer: learning self-awareness, self-regulation, social skills,
cooperation, attention, transitioning from one activity to another, self-
confidence, forming and maintaining relationships
●● Six Levels of Cognition.
Answer: knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis,
evaluation (KCAASE)
●● Knowledge.
Answer: rote memorization, recognition, recall of facts (1st level of
cognition)
●● Comprehension.
Answer: understanding what facts mean (2nd level of cognition)
●● Application.
Answer: correct use of facts, rules, or ideas (3rd level of cognition)
●● Analysis.
, Answer: breaking information down into its component parts (4th level
of cognition)
●● Synthesis.
Answer: combination of facts, ideas, or information to make a new
whole (5th level of cognition)
●● Evaluation.
Answer: judging or forming an opinion about the information or
situation (6th level of cognition)
●● Jean Piaget.
Answer: known for his 4-stage theory of cognitive development in
children
●● Sensorimotor Stage (Piaget).
Answer: infants and young toddlers explore using the senses and learn
object permanence (birth to 2 years)
●● Preoperational Stage (Piaget).
Answer: young children engage in symbolic thinking (pretend play and
imaginary friends) and concrete, egocentric thinking (2-7 years)
●● Concrete Operations Stage (Piaget).