HIUS 221 EXAM 2 ESSWEIN
QUESTIONS & VERIFIED COMPLETE
ANSWERS
Whigs (Revolutionary era) - Correct Answer ✔✔ Opposed Britain. Also called Patriots
loyalists - Correct Answer ✔✔ Also called Tories. Resided in British colonies and
remained loyal to the crown
Women of the Army - Correct Answer ✔✔ The name George Washington gave the
20,000 woman serving in the army
Treaty of Paris (1783) - Correct Answer ✔✔ Signed on September 3, 1783 and called
for the removal of British troops and ended the war
John Jay (1745-1829) - Correct Answer ✔✔ Served in the Continental Congress and
helped negotiate the Treaty of Paris (1783). He was the first chief justice of the U.S.
Supreme Court (1789-1795) and negotiated the agreement with Great Britain that
became known as the Jay Treaty.
Alexander McGillivray (1759?-1793) - Correct Answer ✔✔ Served as a Creek leader
and allied with Spain to prevent white settlement on Creek lands during the 1780s.
Articles of Confederation (1781) - Correct Answer ✔✔ First Constitution of the United
States. Adopted by the original thirteen states in 1781, it remained the supreme law until
1789.
Robert Morris (1734-1806) - Correct Answer ✔✔ American Revolutionary politician and
financier. A signer of the Declaration of Independence, he raised money for the
Continental Army, attended the Constitutional Convention (1787), and was financially
ruined by land speculation.
standing army - Correct Answer ✔✔ After the American Revolution, the issue of a
standing, or peacetime, army pitted revolutionary ideology against the need for defense.
paper currency - Correct Answer ✔✔ After the Revolution, Americans hotly debated the
issue of paper currency because it had resulted in inflation during the war, when the
government used it to pay for goods and services. Many farmers favored issuing paper
currency through a land office, which would provide capital based on the value of their
land.
, Northwest Ordinance (1787) - Correct Answer ✔✔ Adopted by the Congress to
establish stricter control over the government of the Northwest Territory
James Madison (1751-1836) - Correct Answer ✔✔ Fourth president of the United
States (1809-1817). Member of the Continental Congress (1780-1783) and the
Constitutional Convention (1787), he strongly supported ratification of the Constitution
and was a contributor to The Federalist.
Virginia Plan - Correct Answer ✔✔ Constitutional proposal written by James Madison,
the Virginia Plan proposed a powerful central government dominated by a National
Legislature of two houses (bicameral). It also favored a system of greater representation
based on a state's population.
New Jersey Plan - Correct Answer ✔✔ Proposal for the U.S. Constitution drafted by
William Paterson, it provided for a one-house (unicameral) Congress in which states
had equal representation
Great Compromise (1787) - Correct Answer ✔✔ At the Constitutional Convention, plan
proposed by the Connecticut delegation for a bicameral Congress with a House of
Representatives, with representations based on a state's population, and the Senate, in
which each state would be represented equally. Also known as the Connecticut
Compromise.
electoral college - Correct Answer ✔✔ The group that elects the president. Each state
received as many electors as it had congressmen and senators combined.
fugitive slave clause (1787) - Correct Answer ✔✔ Provision of the U.S. Constitution that
prevented free states from emancipating slaves who had escaped from masters in other
states.
ratification - Correct Answer ✔✔ Process by which the Constitution of 1787 and
subsequent amendments must be approved.
The Federalist - Correct Answer ✔✔ Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John
Jay wrote a series of eightyfive essays in support of the Constitution. First published in
newspapers, they appeared in book form as The Federalist in the spring of 1788.
Bill of Rights (1791) - Correct Answer ✔✔ The first ten amendments to the Constitution.
Judiciary Act of 1789 - Correct Answer ✔✔ Congressional legislation that established
the U.S. Supreme Court of six justices and a system of federal inferior courts, which
were restricted primarily to consideration of federal crimes. State courts retained original
jurisdiction in most civil and criminal cases, with the U.S. Supreme Court taking appeals
from the highest state courts.
QUESTIONS & VERIFIED COMPLETE
ANSWERS
Whigs (Revolutionary era) - Correct Answer ✔✔ Opposed Britain. Also called Patriots
loyalists - Correct Answer ✔✔ Also called Tories. Resided in British colonies and
remained loyal to the crown
Women of the Army - Correct Answer ✔✔ The name George Washington gave the
20,000 woman serving in the army
Treaty of Paris (1783) - Correct Answer ✔✔ Signed on September 3, 1783 and called
for the removal of British troops and ended the war
John Jay (1745-1829) - Correct Answer ✔✔ Served in the Continental Congress and
helped negotiate the Treaty of Paris (1783). He was the first chief justice of the U.S.
Supreme Court (1789-1795) and negotiated the agreement with Great Britain that
became known as the Jay Treaty.
Alexander McGillivray (1759?-1793) - Correct Answer ✔✔ Served as a Creek leader
and allied with Spain to prevent white settlement on Creek lands during the 1780s.
Articles of Confederation (1781) - Correct Answer ✔✔ First Constitution of the United
States. Adopted by the original thirteen states in 1781, it remained the supreme law until
1789.
Robert Morris (1734-1806) - Correct Answer ✔✔ American Revolutionary politician and
financier. A signer of the Declaration of Independence, he raised money for the
Continental Army, attended the Constitutional Convention (1787), and was financially
ruined by land speculation.
standing army - Correct Answer ✔✔ After the American Revolution, the issue of a
standing, or peacetime, army pitted revolutionary ideology against the need for defense.
paper currency - Correct Answer ✔✔ After the Revolution, Americans hotly debated the
issue of paper currency because it had resulted in inflation during the war, when the
government used it to pay for goods and services. Many farmers favored issuing paper
currency through a land office, which would provide capital based on the value of their
land.
, Northwest Ordinance (1787) - Correct Answer ✔✔ Adopted by the Congress to
establish stricter control over the government of the Northwest Territory
James Madison (1751-1836) - Correct Answer ✔✔ Fourth president of the United
States (1809-1817). Member of the Continental Congress (1780-1783) and the
Constitutional Convention (1787), he strongly supported ratification of the Constitution
and was a contributor to The Federalist.
Virginia Plan - Correct Answer ✔✔ Constitutional proposal written by James Madison,
the Virginia Plan proposed a powerful central government dominated by a National
Legislature of two houses (bicameral). It also favored a system of greater representation
based on a state's population.
New Jersey Plan - Correct Answer ✔✔ Proposal for the U.S. Constitution drafted by
William Paterson, it provided for a one-house (unicameral) Congress in which states
had equal representation
Great Compromise (1787) - Correct Answer ✔✔ At the Constitutional Convention, plan
proposed by the Connecticut delegation for a bicameral Congress with a House of
Representatives, with representations based on a state's population, and the Senate, in
which each state would be represented equally. Also known as the Connecticut
Compromise.
electoral college - Correct Answer ✔✔ The group that elects the president. Each state
received as many electors as it had congressmen and senators combined.
fugitive slave clause (1787) - Correct Answer ✔✔ Provision of the U.S. Constitution that
prevented free states from emancipating slaves who had escaped from masters in other
states.
ratification - Correct Answer ✔✔ Process by which the Constitution of 1787 and
subsequent amendments must be approved.
The Federalist - Correct Answer ✔✔ Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John
Jay wrote a series of eightyfive essays in support of the Constitution. First published in
newspapers, they appeared in book form as The Federalist in the spring of 1788.
Bill of Rights (1791) - Correct Answer ✔✔ The first ten amendments to the Constitution.
Judiciary Act of 1789 - Correct Answer ✔✔ Congressional legislation that established
the U.S. Supreme Court of six justices and a system of federal inferior courts, which
were restricted primarily to consideration of federal crimes. State courts retained original
jurisdiction in most civil and criminal cases, with the U.S. Supreme Court taking appeals
from the highest state courts.
