MBC 404 — Natural Products Fill-in-the-Gap
Questions and Answer Key
SECTION A: Questions
1 1. A natural product is a chemical compound produced by a __________ organism.
2 2. Natural products are substances found in nature that have not been significantly modified by
__________.
3 3. Natural products can originate from plants, animals, fungi, and __________.
4 4. Primary metabolites are usually necessary for an organism’s __________.
5 5. Examples of primary metabolites include carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, and
__________.
6 6. Respiratory and photosynthetic enzymes are involved in __________ production.
7 7. Enzymes are made up of amino acids and sometimes __________ cofactors.
8 8. Secondary metabolites are mainly produced as __________ compounds.
9 9. Secondary metabolites are not essential for survival but increase organism __________.
10 10. Plants synthesize over __________ secondary metabolites.
11 11. Secondary metabolites are primarily classified into terpenoids, phenolics, alkaloids, and
__________.
12 12. Terpenoids are hydrocarbons built from __________ units.
13 13. The general formula of terpenoids is __________.
14 14. Terpenes were first isolated from __________.
15 15. Isoprene is chemically known as __________.
16 16. Terpenes help plants respond to __________ and abiotic stresses.
17 17. Terpenes are widely found in essential oils, sap, and __________.
18 18. Acyclic terpenoids contain __________ structures.
19 19. Monocyclic terpenoids contain __________ ring.
20 20. Bicyclic terpenoids contain __________ rings.
21 21. Terpenoids with three rings are called __________ terpenoids.
22 22. Terpenoids with four rings are called __________ terpenoids.
23 23. IPP and DMAPP are precursors for the synthesis of __________.
24 24. GPP is a precursor of __________ terpenes.
25 25. FPP produces __________ terpenes.
26 26. GGPP forms __________ terpenes.
27 27. The mevalonate pathway occurs in animals, fungi, and plant __________.
28 28. The MEP pathway occurs in plant __________.
29 29. Terpenes act as natural __________ against herbivores.
30 30. Terpenes attract __________ and seed dispersers.
31 31. Terpenes help regulate plant cell __________.
32 32. Terpenes regulate membrane __________ and permeability.
33 33. Myrcene is known for __________ and anti-inflammatory effects.
34 34. Limonene is associated with anxiety relief and __________ potential.
35 35. Linalool possesses __________ properties.
36 36. Pinene may enhance __________ function.
37 37. Taxol (paclitaxel) is used as an __________ agent.
38 38. Artemisinin is used to treat __________.
39 39. Curcumin has __________ and antiseptic properties.
40 40. Eugenol exhibits strong __________ effects.
41 41. Polyphenols are mainly found in fruits, vegetables, and __________.
42 42. Polyphenols have __________ rings with hydroxyl substitutions.
43 43. Polyphenols commonly occur as __________ in plants.
44 44. Polyphenols are classified into flavonoids, phenolic acids, stilbenes, lignans, and
__________.
Questions and Answer Key
SECTION A: Questions
1 1. A natural product is a chemical compound produced by a __________ organism.
2 2. Natural products are substances found in nature that have not been significantly modified by
__________.
3 3. Natural products can originate from plants, animals, fungi, and __________.
4 4. Primary metabolites are usually necessary for an organism’s __________.
5 5. Examples of primary metabolites include carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, and
__________.
6 6. Respiratory and photosynthetic enzymes are involved in __________ production.
7 7. Enzymes are made up of amino acids and sometimes __________ cofactors.
8 8. Secondary metabolites are mainly produced as __________ compounds.
9 9. Secondary metabolites are not essential for survival but increase organism __________.
10 10. Plants synthesize over __________ secondary metabolites.
11 11. Secondary metabolites are primarily classified into terpenoids, phenolics, alkaloids, and
__________.
12 12. Terpenoids are hydrocarbons built from __________ units.
13 13. The general formula of terpenoids is __________.
14 14. Terpenes were first isolated from __________.
15 15. Isoprene is chemically known as __________.
16 16. Terpenes help plants respond to __________ and abiotic stresses.
17 17. Terpenes are widely found in essential oils, sap, and __________.
18 18. Acyclic terpenoids contain __________ structures.
19 19. Monocyclic terpenoids contain __________ ring.
20 20. Bicyclic terpenoids contain __________ rings.
21 21. Terpenoids with three rings are called __________ terpenoids.
22 22. Terpenoids with four rings are called __________ terpenoids.
23 23. IPP and DMAPP are precursors for the synthesis of __________.
24 24. GPP is a precursor of __________ terpenes.
25 25. FPP produces __________ terpenes.
26 26. GGPP forms __________ terpenes.
27 27. The mevalonate pathway occurs in animals, fungi, and plant __________.
28 28. The MEP pathway occurs in plant __________.
29 29. Terpenes act as natural __________ against herbivores.
30 30. Terpenes attract __________ and seed dispersers.
31 31. Terpenes help regulate plant cell __________.
32 32. Terpenes regulate membrane __________ and permeability.
33 33. Myrcene is known for __________ and anti-inflammatory effects.
34 34. Limonene is associated with anxiety relief and __________ potential.
35 35. Linalool possesses __________ properties.
36 36. Pinene may enhance __________ function.
37 37. Taxol (paclitaxel) is used as an __________ agent.
38 38. Artemisinin is used to treat __________.
39 39. Curcumin has __________ and antiseptic properties.
40 40. Eugenol exhibits strong __________ effects.
41 41. Polyphenols are mainly found in fruits, vegetables, and __________.
42 42. Polyphenols have __________ rings with hydroxyl substitutions.
43 43. Polyphenols commonly occur as __________ in plants.
44 44. Polyphenols are classified into flavonoids, phenolic acids, stilbenes, lignans, and
__________.
