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Test Bank - Introductory Maternity and Pediatric
Nursing, 5th Edition by Hatfield, Chapter 1-42 | All
Chapters Graded A+
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Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal–Child Health Care Environment
1. The opening up of hospital visiting policies for children and families likely resultedfrom
the work of which individual?
A. Joseph Brennaman
B. John Bowlby
C. Marshal Klaus
D. John Kennell Answer: B
Rationale: In 1951, John Bowlby received worldwide attention with his
study that revealed the negative results of the separation of child and mother because of
hospitalization. His work led toa re-evaluation and liberalization of hospital visiting policies for
children. Joseph Brennaman suggested that a lack of stimulation for infants contributed to high
infant mortality rates at the time. In the 1970s and 1980s, physicians Marshall Klaus and John
Kennell carried out importantstudies on the effect of the separation of newborns and parents.
They established that early separation may have long-term effects on family relationships and
that offering the new family an opportunity to be together at birth and for a significant period
after birth may provide benefitsthat last well into early childhood.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
Level: Remember
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 4
2. An expectant mother states that she read that more black mothers die in childbirth than do
white mothers. When responding to her questions about the reasons for this, the nurse accurately
states that which is the major reason for the high maternal mortality rate?
A. Having formal education.
B. Being unmarried.
C. Income.
D. Lack of prenatal care.
Answer: D
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Rationale: Research shows that maternal mortality rate is directly related to lack of prenatal care
secondary to lack of access to services or insurance. Income as well as educational level may play
a role in the availability of health care, but they are not directly responsible. Being unmarried has
no bearing on infant mortality.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
Level: Understand
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 9
3. Which statement correctly defines the term "infant death rate"?
A. number of deaths in utero of fetuses 500 g or more per 1,000 live births
B. number of deaths occurring in the first 28 days of life per 1,000 live births
C. number of deaths occurring at birth or in the first 12 months of life per 1,000 live births
D. death of a live-born child before his or her first birthday.
Answer: D
Rationale: The term infant death refers to the death of a live-born child before he or she reaches
age 1 year. It also includes neonatal mortality rate. Neonatal mortality rate is the number of infant
deaths during the first 28 days of life for every 1,000 live births. Infant mortality rate is the
number of deaths during the first 12 months of life per 1,000 live births. Question format:
Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
Level: Remember
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 9
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4. The nursing instructor is preparing to teach a group of students about the history of
maternity care. What major development will the instructor emphasize as greatly influencing the
practice of maternity care in the United States over the past century?
A. technologic advances and the use of forceps by primary care providers
B. development of anesthesia and acceptance of the germ theory
C. advent of birthing centers and the development of family-centered care
D. development of pediatric specialty and replacement of midwives as primary birth
attendants Answer: B
Rationale: The emphasis should be placed on anesthesia and the germ theory. The development
of anesthesia allowed women a choice for pain management in birth; the germ theory advanced
the progress of general health care and decreased infections in laboring women. Pediatrics as a
specialty is an important step forward but is not the greatest development, and midwives are still
in practice. Maternity care continues to evolve, and birthing centers are still under development.
Forceps are not considered an advance in maternity care.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
Level: Analyze
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning Reference: p. 3
5. When preparing a client for surgery, the nurse explains that the use of an antiseptic
during the surgery has greatly improved client survival rates and was started by which physician?
A. Louis Pasteur
B. Ignaz Philip Semmelweis
C. Joseph Lister
D. Alexander Gordon Answer: C
Rationale: Joseph Lister was a British surgeon who embraced Louis Pasteur's theory of
microorganisms as the cause of infection. Lister used carbolic acid as an antiseptic during
https://www.stuvia.com/user/asolution
Test Bank - Introductory Maternity and Pediatric
Nursing, 5th Edition by Hatfield, Chapter 1-42 | All
Chapters Graded A+
https://www.stuvia.com/user/asolution
,Created By: A Solution
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal–Child Health Care Environment
1. The opening up of hospital visiting policies for children and families likely resultedfrom
the work of which individual?
A. Joseph Brennaman
B. John Bowlby
C. Marshal Klaus
D. John Kennell Answer: B
Rationale: In 1951, John Bowlby received worldwide attention with his
study that revealed the negative results of the separation of child and mother because of
hospitalization. His work led toa re-evaluation and liberalization of hospital visiting policies for
children. Joseph Brennaman suggested that a lack of stimulation for infants contributed to high
infant mortality rates at the time. In the 1970s and 1980s, physicians Marshall Klaus and John
Kennell carried out importantstudies on the effect of the separation of newborns and parents.
They established that early separation may have long-term effects on family relationships and
that offering the new family an opportunity to be together at birth and for a significant period
after birth may provide benefitsthat last well into early childhood.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
Level: Remember
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 4
2. An expectant mother states that she read that more black mothers die in childbirth than do
white mothers. When responding to her questions about the reasons for this, the nurse accurately
states that which is the major reason for the high maternal mortality rate?
A. Having formal education.
B. Being unmarried.
C. Income.
D. Lack of prenatal care.
Answer: D
https://www.stuvia.com/user/asolution
,Created By: A Solution
Rationale: Research shows that maternal mortality rate is directly related to lack of prenatal care
secondary to lack of access to services or insurance. Income as well as educational level may play
a role in the availability of health care, but they are not directly responsible. Being unmarried has
no bearing on infant mortality.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
Level: Understand
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 9
3. Which statement correctly defines the term "infant death rate"?
A. number of deaths in utero of fetuses 500 g or more per 1,000 live births
B. number of deaths occurring in the first 28 days of life per 1,000 live births
C. number of deaths occurring at birth or in the first 12 months of life per 1,000 live births
D. death of a live-born child before his or her first birthday.
Answer: D
Rationale: The term infant death refers to the death of a live-born child before he or she reaches
age 1 year. It also includes neonatal mortality rate. Neonatal mortality rate is the number of infant
deaths during the first 28 days of life for every 1,000 live births. Infant mortality rate is the
number of deaths during the first 12 months of life per 1,000 live births. Question format:
Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
Level: Remember
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 9
https://www.stuvia.com/user/asolution
, Created By: A Solution
4. The nursing instructor is preparing to teach a group of students about the history of
maternity care. What major development will the instructor emphasize as greatly influencing the
practice of maternity care in the United States over the past century?
A. technologic advances and the use of forceps by primary care providers
B. development of anesthesia and acceptance of the germ theory
C. advent of birthing centers and the development of family-centered care
D. development of pediatric specialty and replacement of midwives as primary birth
attendants Answer: B
Rationale: The emphasis should be placed on anesthesia and the germ theory. The development
of anesthesia allowed women a choice for pain management in birth; the germ theory advanced
the progress of general health care and decreased infections in laboring women. Pediatrics as a
specialty is an important step forward but is not the greatest development, and midwives are still
in practice. Maternity care continues to evolve, and birthing centers are still under development.
Forceps are not considered an advance in maternity care.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
Level: Analyze
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning Reference: p. 3
5. When preparing a client for surgery, the nurse explains that the use of an antiseptic
during the surgery has greatly improved client survival rates and was started by which physician?
A. Louis Pasteur
B. Ignaz Philip Semmelweis
C. Joseph Lister
D. Alexander Gordon Answer: C
Rationale: Joseph Lister was a British surgeon who embraced Louis Pasteur's theory of
microorganisms as the cause of infection. Lister used carbolic acid as an antiseptic during
https://www.stuvia.com/user/asolution
