CONCEPTS OF AGING AND CHRONIC
ILLNESS EXAM 1 CERTIFICATION EVALUATION
TEST PAPER 2026 COMPLETE STUDY
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ Glucose is produced from. Answer: endogenous glycogen stored in
the muscles and liver.
◉ Glycogenolysis is. Answer: the process by which glycogen is
broken down into glucose to be used by the body to maintain blood
glucose levels.
◉ •Major cardiovascular diseases include. Answer: •Hypertension
(HTN)
•Coronary heart disease (CHD)
•Myocardial infarction (MI)
•Angina
•Heart failure (HF)
◉ Hypertension
Diagnosed when the diastolic blood pressure (BP) is:. Answer: 90
mm Hg or higher or the systolic BP is 140 mm Hg or higher
,◉ Modifiable Factors to Minimize Risk for Heart Disease (8).
Answer: •Control blood pressure
•Maintain healthy triglyceride and cholesterol levels.
•Prevent or control diabetes.
•Cease or never use tobacco products/reduce exposure to pollutants
including tobacco smoke.
•Eat a healthy diet and maintain or attain acceptable weight.
•Engage in regular exercise.
•Control alcohol intake (1 drink daily for women & 2 for men).
•Reduce stress and treat for depression.
◉ Complications of Hypertension (5). Answer: •Hemorrhagic Stroke
•Retinopathy
•Peripheral Vascular Disease
•Renal Failure (proteinuria)
•CHR, CHF, LVH7
◉ Adults at least age 40 should be screened how often for
hypertension?. Answer: yearly
◉ management OF HYPERTENTION (8). Answer: •Take medication
as prescribed
,•Monitor BP regularly
•Stop smoking
•Reduce alcohol intake
•Dietary changes: Low sodium, low fat & cholesterol, read labels to
find sodium, fat, cholesterol, sugar and calories
•Reduce weight, if overweight or obese
•Increase exercise, 3-4 times per week
•Manage stress: exercise (walking, bicycling, swimming), meditation,
yoga
◉ MEDICATION MANAGEMENT OF HYPERTENTION? (8). Answer:
•Diuretics are first line drugs
•Antihypertensive drugs
•Combination of drugs
•Take daily as prescribed
•Do not stop abruptly
•Do not skip doses or reduce dose unless instructed to do so by PCP
•Monitor for therapeutic effect (consistently lower BP readings)
•Monitor for Side effects and adverse reactions
◉ HEART DISEASE>>
Develops from several causes, including?
, CHD can result in what?
•In women and older adults, the signs and symptoms are more likely
to be?. Answer: Atherosclerosis, HTN, exposure to smoke and
pollutants, diabetes, and genetics.
MI
MILD
◉ Heart attack in Men? (6). Answer: lightheadedness
short of breath
chest pain and discomfort
neck, back, or jaw pain
discomfort or pain in the arm or shoulder
nausea or vomiting
◉ Heart attack in women? (6). Answer: lightheadedness, dizziness,
or fainting
shortness of breath
pain or numbness in one or both arms
ILLNESS EXAM 1 CERTIFICATION EVALUATION
TEST PAPER 2026 COMPLETE STUDY
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ Glucose is produced from. Answer: endogenous glycogen stored in
the muscles and liver.
◉ Glycogenolysis is. Answer: the process by which glycogen is
broken down into glucose to be used by the body to maintain blood
glucose levels.
◉ •Major cardiovascular diseases include. Answer: •Hypertension
(HTN)
•Coronary heart disease (CHD)
•Myocardial infarction (MI)
•Angina
•Heart failure (HF)
◉ Hypertension
Diagnosed when the diastolic blood pressure (BP) is:. Answer: 90
mm Hg or higher or the systolic BP is 140 mm Hg or higher
,◉ Modifiable Factors to Minimize Risk for Heart Disease (8).
Answer: •Control blood pressure
•Maintain healthy triglyceride and cholesterol levels.
•Prevent or control diabetes.
•Cease or never use tobacco products/reduce exposure to pollutants
including tobacco smoke.
•Eat a healthy diet and maintain or attain acceptable weight.
•Engage in regular exercise.
•Control alcohol intake (1 drink daily for women & 2 for men).
•Reduce stress and treat for depression.
◉ Complications of Hypertension (5). Answer: •Hemorrhagic Stroke
•Retinopathy
•Peripheral Vascular Disease
•Renal Failure (proteinuria)
•CHR, CHF, LVH7
◉ Adults at least age 40 should be screened how often for
hypertension?. Answer: yearly
◉ management OF HYPERTENTION (8). Answer: •Take medication
as prescribed
,•Monitor BP regularly
•Stop smoking
•Reduce alcohol intake
•Dietary changes: Low sodium, low fat & cholesterol, read labels to
find sodium, fat, cholesterol, sugar and calories
•Reduce weight, if overweight or obese
•Increase exercise, 3-4 times per week
•Manage stress: exercise (walking, bicycling, swimming), meditation,
yoga
◉ MEDICATION MANAGEMENT OF HYPERTENTION? (8). Answer:
•Diuretics are first line drugs
•Antihypertensive drugs
•Combination of drugs
•Take daily as prescribed
•Do not stop abruptly
•Do not skip doses or reduce dose unless instructed to do so by PCP
•Monitor for therapeutic effect (consistently lower BP readings)
•Monitor for Side effects and adverse reactions
◉ HEART DISEASE>>
Develops from several causes, including?
, CHD can result in what?
•In women and older adults, the signs and symptoms are more likely
to be?. Answer: Atherosclerosis, HTN, exposure to smoke and
pollutants, diabetes, and genetics.
MI
MILD
◉ Heart attack in Men? (6). Answer: lightheadedness
short of breath
chest pain and discomfort
neck, back, or jaw pain
discomfort or pain in the arm or shoulder
nausea or vomiting
◉ Heart attack in women? (6). Answer: lightheadedness, dizziness,
or fainting
shortness of breath
pain or numbness in one or both arms
