CONCEPTS OF AGING AND CHRONIC
ILLNESS EXAM 1 PROFESSIONAL EXAMPREP
2026 TESTED QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
FULL REVIEW GRADED A+
◉ A nurse is caring for a client who had an aortic balloon
valvuloplasty. The nurse should inspect the surgical insertion site
closely for which complication(s)?
Bleeding and infection
Bleeding and wound dehiscence
Thrombosis and infection
Evisceration Answer: Bleeding and infection
◉ A client who recently had a myocardial infarction develops
pericarditis and complains of chest pain rated 6 (on a scale of 0-10)
with deep breathing. Which ordered pro re nata medications is most
appropriate for the nurse to administer?
Morphine sulfate 6 mg IVP every 2-4 hours
Fentanyl 2 mg intravenous pyelogram (IVP) every 2-4 hours
Acetaminophen 650 mg PO every 4 hours
Ibuprofen 800 mg PO every 8 hours Answer: Ibuprofen 800 mg PO
every 8 hours
,◉ The nurse instructs a client recovering from mechanical valve
replacement surgery. Which client statement indicates that teaching
has been effective?
"I can play soccer in a week or two."
"I will not drive until informed by my health care provider."
"I have a low risk of developing an infection in my heart."
"I will not need to take anticoagulant medication every day." Answer:
"I will not drive until informed by my health care provider."
◉ A nurse is caring for a client receiving warfarin therapy following
a mechanical valve replacement. The client had a prothrombin time
and International Normalized Ratio (INR) drawn before breakfast.
The laboratory report shows the client's INR reading was 4. What is
the nurse's first priority ?
Assess the client for bleeding and notify the health care provider of
the results.
Notify the next nurse on afternoon shift to hold the evening dose of
warfarin.
Notify the health care provider to request an increase in the
warfarin dose.
Be prepared to administer an I.M. vitamin K injection and notify the
healthcare provider of the results. Answer: Assess the client for
bleeding and notify the health care provider of the results.
,◉ The nurse suspects a client has developed pericarditis after a
week of cold-like symptoms. Which of the client's signs and
symptoms indicate pericarditis?
low urine output secondary to left ventricular dysfunction
fever, chest discomfort, and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate
(ESR)
pitting edema, chest discomfort, and nonspecific ST-segment
elevation
lethargy, anorexia, and heart failure Answer: fever, chest discomfort,
and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
◉ A client is admitted to the hospital with aortic stenosis. What
assessment findings would indicate the development of left
ventricular failure?
Orthopnea, nausea, pedal edema
Distended jugular veins, pedal edema, nausea
Dyspnea, orthopnea, pulmonary edema
Dyspnea, distended jugular veins, orthopnea Answer: Dyspnea,
orthopnea, pulmonary edema
◉ Which would the nurse stress as a periodic lifelong necessity for a
client managing infective endocarditis?
Exercise regimen
Antihypertensive medication
, Potassium replacement
Antibiotic therapy Answer: Antibiotic therapy
◉ The nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with
aortic stenosis. The client is prescribed digoxin. What is the
rationale for the medication?
left ventricular dysfunction
angina
dyspnea
edema Answer: left ventricular dysfunction
◉ A client is admitted to the hospital with possible acute pericarditis
and pericardial effusion. The nurse knows to prepare the client for
which diagnostic test to confirm the client's diagnosis?
Computed tomography
Echocardiography
Chest x-ray
Cardiac catheterization Answer: Echocardiography
◉ A client comes to the clinic reporting fever, chills, and sore throat
and is diagnosed with streptococcal pharyngitis. A nurse knows that
early diagnosis and effective treatment is essential to avoid which
preventable disease?
Rheumatic fever
ILLNESS EXAM 1 PROFESSIONAL EXAMPREP
2026 TESTED QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
FULL REVIEW GRADED A+
◉ A nurse is caring for a client who had an aortic balloon
valvuloplasty. The nurse should inspect the surgical insertion site
closely for which complication(s)?
Bleeding and infection
Bleeding and wound dehiscence
Thrombosis and infection
Evisceration Answer: Bleeding and infection
◉ A client who recently had a myocardial infarction develops
pericarditis and complains of chest pain rated 6 (on a scale of 0-10)
with deep breathing. Which ordered pro re nata medications is most
appropriate for the nurse to administer?
Morphine sulfate 6 mg IVP every 2-4 hours
Fentanyl 2 mg intravenous pyelogram (IVP) every 2-4 hours
Acetaminophen 650 mg PO every 4 hours
Ibuprofen 800 mg PO every 8 hours Answer: Ibuprofen 800 mg PO
every 8 hours
,◉ The nurse instructs a client recovering from mechanical valve
replacement surgery. Which client statement indicates that teaching
has been effective?
"I can play soccer in a week or two."
"I will not drive until informed by my health care provider."
"I have a low risk of developing an infection in my heart."
"I will not need to take anticoagulant medication every day." Answer:
"I will not drive until informed by my health care provider."
◉ A nurse is caring for a client receiving warfarin therapy following
a mechanical valve replacement. The client had a prothrombin time
and International Normalized Ratio (INR) drawn before breakfast.
The laboratory report shows the client's INR reading was 4. What is
the nurse's first priority ?
Assess the client for bleeding and notify the health care provider of
the results.
Notify the next nurse on afternoon shift to hold the evening dose of
warfarin.
Notify the health care provider to request an increase in the
warfarin dose.
Be prepared to administer an I.M. vitamin K injection and notify the
healthcare provider of the results. Answer: Assess the client for
bleeding and notify the health care provider of the results.
,◉ The nurse suspects a client has developed pericarditis after a
week of cold-like symptoms. Which of the client's signs and
symptoms indicate pericarditis?
low urine output secondary to left ventricular dysfunction
fever, chest discomfort, and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate
(ESR)
pitting edema, chest discomfort, and nonspecific ST-segment
elevation
lethargy, anorexia, and heart failure Answer: fever, chest discomfort,
and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
◉ A client is admitted to the hospital with aortic stenosis. What
assessment findings would indicate the development of left
ventricular failure?
Orthopnea, nausea, pedal edema
Distended jugular veins, pedal edema, nausea
Dyspnea, orthopnea, pulmonary edema
Dyspnea, distended jugular veins, orthopnea Answer: Dyspnea,
orthopnea, pulmonary edema
◉ Which would the nurse stress as a periodic lifelong necessity for a
client managing infective endocarditis?
Exercise regimen
Antihypertensive medication
, Potassium replacement
Antibiotic therapy Answer: Antibiotic therapy
◉ The nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with
aortic stenosis. The client is prescribed digoxin. What is the
rationale for the medication?
left ventricular dysfunction
angina
dyspnea
edema Answer: left ventricular dysfunction
◉ A client is admitted to the hospital with possible acute pericarditis
and pericardial effusion. The nurse knows to prepare the client for
which diagnostic test to confirm the client's diagnosis?
Computed tomography
Echocardiography
Chest x-ray
Cardiac catheterization Answer: Echocardiography
◉ A client comes to the clinic reporting fever, chills, and sore throat
and is diagnosed with streptococcal pharyngitis. A nurse knows that
early diagnosis and effective treatment is essential to avoid which
preventable disease?
Rheumatic fever
