NUR 2063 ESSENTIALS OF
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 1 COMPREHENSIVE
STUDY GUIDE 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◍ HIV symptoms in infant.
Answer: Difficulty gaining weightDifficulty growing normallyProblems
walkingDelayed mental developmentchildhood illnesses:Otitis
mediapneumoniatonsillitis
◍ Hypervolemia.
Answer: increased blood volume ( due to excess sodium water intake or
insufficient loss)
◍ Fluid is most excreted by.
Answer: Urine and Feces
◍ Etiology.
Answer: cause of disease
◍ iatrogenic.
Answer: produced by treatment ; Unintended
◍ Hypersensitivity 3.
Answer: Results from body's inability to rid itself of antigen-antibody
immune molecules, autoimmune disorders, body starts attacking its own
proteins IgGLupusRheumatoid Arthritis
◍ Kyphosis.
Answer: excessive outward curvature of the thoracic spine, causing
hunching of the back.Scheuermann's Disease
, ◍ Anion electrolytes.
Answer: chloride, bicarbonate, phosphate
◍ Mongolian.
Answer: Flat bluish-gray patches found on the lower back/buttocks
◍ Hyperchloremia.
Answer: too much chloride >108 mEq/L --> metabolic acidosis, rapid
breathing, unconsciousness
◍ ______ , ________ , and ________ have free passage in and out of the cell.
Answer: Enzymes, Glucose, and electrolytes
◍ Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP).
Answer: hormone secreted from atrial cells of the heart in response to atrial
stretching and an increase in circulating blood volume. ANP has been
identified as a diuretic that causes sodium loss and inhibits the thirst
mechanism
◍ Hypomagnesemia.
Answer: low magnesium<1.8 mEq/LChronic
AlcoholismPregnancyDiarrhea, Diuretics, Stress
◍ Meiosis.
Answer: Form of cell division that occurs only in mature sperm and ova.
◍ Hypersensitivity 2.
Answer: IgM, or IgG reacts with antigens on foreign cells; complement is
activated. Lysis and phagocytosis of antigen-bearing cellsHemolytic
Anemia in newborns
◍ transcellular fluid.
Answer: The fluid that is contained within specialized body compartments
such as cerebrospinal, pleural, and synovial cavities
◍ Phosporus.
Answer: Mostly found in bonesEliminated through urine
◍ Hypochloremia.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 1 COMPREHENSIVE
STUDY GUIDE 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◍ HIV symptoms in infant.
Answer: Difficulty gaining weightDifficulty growing normallyProblems
walkingDelayed mental developmentchildhood illnesses:Otitis
mediapneumoniatonsillitis
◍ Hypervolemia.
Answer: increased blood volume ( due to excess sodium water intake or
insufficient loss)
◍ Fluid is most excreted by.
Answer: Urine and Feces
◍ Etiology.
Answer: cause of disease
◍ iatrogenic.
Answer: produced by treatment ; Unintended
◍ Hypersensitivity 3.
Answer: Results from body's inability to rid itself of antigen-antibody
immune molecules, autoimmune disorders, body starts attacking its own
proteins IgGLupusRheumatoid Arthritis
◍ Kyphosis.
Answer: excessive outward curvature of the thoracic spine, causing
hunching of the back.Scheuermann's Disease
, ◍ Anion electrolytes.
Answer: chloride, bicarbonate, phosphate
◍ Mongolian.
Answer: Flat bluish-gray patches found on the lower back/buttocks
◍ Hyperchloremia.
Answer: too much chloride >108 mEq/L --> metabolic acidosis, rapid
breathing, unconsciousness
◍ ______ , ________ , and ________ have free passage in and out of the cell.
Answer: Enzymes, Glucose, and electrolytes
◍ Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP).
Answer: hormone secreted from atrial cells of the heart in response to atrial
stretching and an increase in circulating blood volume. ANP has been
identified as a diuretic that causes sodium loss and inhibits the thirst
mechanism
◍ Hypomagnesemia.
Answer: low magnesium<1.8 mEq/LChronic
AlcoholismPregnancyDiarrhea, Diuretics, Stress
◍ Meiosis.
Answer: Form of cell division that occurs only in mature sperm and ova.
◍ Hypersensitivity 2.
Answer: IgM, or IgG reacts with antigens on foreign cells; complement is
activated. Lysis and phagocytosis of antigen-bearing cellsHemolytic
Anemia in newborns
◍ transcellular fluid.
Answer: The fluid that is contained within specialized body compartments
such as cerebrospinal, pleural, and synovial cavities
◍ Phosporus.
Answer: Mostly found in bonesEliminated through urine
◍ Hypochloremia.
