CPPS 304 2026 TEST BANK TESTED
QUESTIONS CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ 3 main components of pharmacology. Answer: 1. mechanism of
action of compounds
2. therapeutic uses of compounds
3. Adverse effects of compounds
◉ What is a drug. Answer: any compound that interacts with the body
can be used to diagnose (contrast), treat or prevent diseases
◉ Examples of drug types (5). Answer: synthetic chemicals
monoclonal antibodies
oligonucleotides
a natural compound (herbal product)
dietary supplement
◉ What 3 names can a drug have. Answer: chemical name - reflects the
actual chemical makeup of the drug
generic name - recognized internationally; often derived from the
chemical name; can reflect the class of drugs
brand (trade) name - given by companies to market their products; may
not reflect the class or chemical composition of the drug
,◉ Receptor targets that a drug may target (4). Answer: G-protein
coupled receptors
receptor tyrosin kinases
ligand-gated ion channels
intracellular receptors (cytoplasm or nucleus)
◉ Pharmacodynamics. Answer: 'what the drug does to the body'
the molecular mechanisms used by the drug to induce its actions
◉ Pharmacokinetics. Answer: 'what the body does to the drug'
the effect of the drug can depend on how the body reacts to it
(particularly its concentration)
◉ what factors determine the concentration of a drug at its site of action
(4). Answer: A - absorption
D - distribution
M - metabolism
E - elimination
◉ Pharmacogenetics. Answer: studies how genetic differences among
individuals influence the effects of drugs
◉ Pharmacogenomics. Answer: considers the entire genome
,refers to the application of genomic technology (ex. RNA sequencing)
for drug characterization and development
◉ Major factors that influence drug-receptor interactions (3). Answer:
affinity
structural complementary (lock/key relationship)
concentration of drug at receptor site
◉ Affinity. Answer: it reflects the ability of a drug to bind to a receptor
force of attraction
◉ What does a low Kd value mean. Answer: a higher binding affinity of
the drug to the receptor
◉ Do drugs bind to receptors using covalent bonds. Answer: no they are
too strong
want the drug to be able to dissociate from the receptor so that its effects
are not permanent
◉ What is competitive inhibition. Answer: when 2 drugs that act on the
same receptor site are both present, the drug with the higher affinity
and/or concentration will have a greater chance of binding
◉ Intrinsic activity. Answer: refers to the ability of a drug to change the
conformation of a receptor to produce an effect
, ◉ Is it possible for a drug to posses affinity but not intrinsic activity.
Answer: yes
the drug will bind the receptor, but not cause anything to happen
blocks other things from binding the receptor
◉ Efficacy. Answer: refers to the maximum desired response that a drug
can produce
◉ Agonist. Answer: a drug that binds to the receptor and produces an
effect
has affinity and intrinsic activity
◉ Partial agonist. Answer: has affinity for the receptor but possesses
lesser intrinsic activity
lower efficacy and Emax compared to a full agonist on the same
receptor
◉ example of an agonist and partial agonist. Answer: morphine - agonist
(greater efficacy)
codeine - partial agonist
◉ Antagonist. Answer: a drug that can bind to a receptor but cannot
activate it
has affinity
QUESTIONS CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ 3 main components of pharmacology. Answer: 1. mechanism of
action of compounds
2. therapeutic uses of compounds
3. Adverse effects of compounds
◉ What is a drug. Answer: any compound that interacts with the body
can be used to diagnose (contrast), treat or prevent diseases
◉ Examples of drug types (5). Answer: synthetic chemicals
monoclonal antibodies
oligonucleotides
a natural compound (herbal product)
dietary supplement
◉ What 3 names can a drug have. Answer: chemical name - reflects the
actual chemical makeup of the drug
generic name - recognized internationally; often derived from the
chemical name; can reflect the class of drugs
brand (trade) name - given by companies to market their products; may
not reflect the class or chemical composition of the drug
,◉ Receptor targets that a drug may target (4). Answer: G-protein
coupled receptors
receptor tyrosin kinases
ligand-gated ion channels
intracellular receptors (cytoplasm or nucleus)
◉ Pharmacodynamics. Answer: 'what the drug does to the body'
the molecular mechanisms used by the drug to induce its actions
◉ Pharmacokinetics. Answer: 'what the body does to the drug'
the effect of the drug can depend on how the body reacts to it
(particularly its concentration)
◉ what factors determine the concentration of a drug at its site of action
(4). Answer: A - absorption
D - distribution
M - metabolism
E - elimination
◉ Pharmacogenetics. Answer: studies how genetic differences among
individuals influence the effects of drugs
◉ Pharmacogenomics. Answer: considers the entire genome
,refers to the application of genomic technology (ex. RNA sequencing)
for drug characterization and development
◉ Major factors that influence drug-receptor interactions (3). Answer:
affinity
structural complementary (lock/key relationship)
concentration of drug at receptor site
◉ Affinity. Answer: it reflects the ability of a drug to bind to a receptor
force of attraction
◉ What does a low Kd value mean. Answer: a higher binding affinity of
the drug to the receptor
◉ Do drugs bind to receptors using covalent bonds. Answer: no they are
too strong
want the drug to be able to dissociate from the receptor so that its effects
are not permanent
◉ What is competitive inhibition. Answer: when 2 drugs that act on the
same receptor site are both present, the drug with the higher affinity
and/or concentration will have a greater chance of binding
◉ Intrinsic activity. Answer: refers to the ability of a drug to change the
conformation of a receptor to produce an effect
, ◉ Is it possible for a drug to posses affinity but not intrinsic activity.
Answer: yes
the drug will bind the receptor, but not cause anything to happen
blocks other things from binding the receptor
◉ Efficacy. Answer: refers to the maximum desired response that a drug
can produce
◉ Agonist. Answer: a drug that binds to the receptor and produces an
effect
has affinity and intrinsic activity
◉ Partial agonist. Answer: has affinity for the receptor but possesses
lesser intrinsic activity
lower efficacy and Emax compared to a full agonist on the same
receptor
◉ example of an agonist and partial agonist. Answer: morphine - agonist
(greater efficacy)
codeine - partial agonist
◉ Antagonist. Answer: a drug that can bind to a receptor but cannot
activate it
has affinity
