Summary - English

Grade 10 English Notes

1. Parts of Speech

The basic building blocks of sentences:

Noun – names a person, place, thing, or idea
e.g., teacher, city, happiness

Pronoun – replaces a noun
e.g., he, she, it, they

Verb – shows action or state
e.g., run, is, think

Adjective – describes a noun
e.g., beautiful, tall

Adverb – describes a verb/adjective
e.g., quickly, very

Preposition – shows relationship
e.g., in, on, under

Conjunction – connects words/phrases
e.g., and, but, because

Interjection – expresses emotion
e.g., wow!, oh!



2. Types of Sentences

Declarative – makes a statement
She is happy.

, Interrogative – asks a question
Are you ready?

Imperative – gives a command
Close the door.

Exclamatory – shows strong emotion
What a beautiful day!



3. Tenses (Verb Forms)

Present

Simple: I eat

Continuous: I am eating

Past

Simple: I ate

Continuous: I was eating

Future

Simple: I will eat

Remember: Tense shows time of action



4. Figures of Speech

Simile – comparison using like/as
as brave as a lion

Metaphor – direct comparison
Time is a thief