NUR 213 LATEST QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS (100%
CORRECT ANSWERS)
What do normal cells do?
grow controllably, respond to signals, and undergo apoptosis
What do cancer cells do?
grow uncontrollably, evade apoptosis, and invade other tissues
What are the three stages of carcinogenesis?
1. Initiation
2. Promotion
3. Progression
What happens during the initiation phase of carcinogenesis?
alteration, change, or mutation of genes arising spontaneously or induced by exposure to
carcinogenic agent (DNA mutation)
What happens during the promotion phase of carcinogenesis?
actively proliferated pre-neoplastic cells accumulate- during this period the process can be
altered by chemo preventative agents that affect growth rates (mutated cells proliferate)
What happens during the progression stage of carcinogenesis?
rapid increase in tumor size, and the proliferating cells may undergo further mutations with
invasive and metastatic potential (tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis)
, What is a neoplasia?
new growth (tumor)
What does benign mean?
abnormal cells that remain localized
What does malignant mean?
Aggressive - spreads to other tissues
What is an adenoma?
benign tumor of glandular origin
What are lipomas?
tumor that is derived from fat cells
What is a hemangioma?
collection of blood vessels in the skin or internal organ
What are desmoid tumors?
benign tumors that can be highly invasive but do not mestastasize
What are nevi?
noncancerous moles on the skin
What is a myoma?
a tumor consisting of muscle tissue
DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS (100%
CORRECT ANSWERS)
What do normal cells do?
grow controllably, respond to signals, and undergo apoptosis
What do cancer cells do?
grow uncontrollably, evade apoptosis, and invade other tissues
What are the three stages of carcinogenesis?
1. Initiation
2. Promotion
3. Progression
What happens during the initiation phase of carcinogenesis?
alteration, change, or mutation of genes arising spontaneously or induced by exposure to
carcinogenic agent (DNA mutation)
What happens during the promotion phase of carcinogenesis?
actively proliferated pre-neoplastic cells accumulate- during this period the process can be
altered by chemo preventative agents that affect growth rates (mutated cells proliferate)
What happens during the progression stage of carcinogenesis?
rapid increase in tumor size, and the proliferating cells may undergo further mutations with
invasive and metastatic potential (tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis)
, What is a neoplasia?
new growth (tumor)
What does benign mean?
abnormal cells that remain localized
What does malignant mean?
Aggressive - spreads to other tissues
What is an adenoma?
benign tumor of glandular origin
What are lipomas?
tumor that is derived from fat cells
What is a hemangioma?
collection of blood vessels in the skin or internal organ
What are desmoid tumors?
benign tumors that can be highly invasive but do not mestastasize
What are nevi?
noncancerous moles on the skin
What is a myoma?
a tumor consisting of muscle tissue
