BIO 156 FINAL PAPER 2026 FULL Q&A
STUDY GUIDE GRADED A+
◉Describe the levels of organization in the living world. Answer:
Atoms → cells → tissues → organs → organ systems → organism →
population → community → ecosystem → the biosphere
◉List the three domains of life and distinguish between each
domain. Answer: Prokaryotes are bacteria and archaea.
Domain Bacteria: unicellular no nucleus
Domain Archaea: unicellular no nucleus but closer to eukarya
Domain Eukarya: have nucleus
◉List four kingdoms within the domain Eukarya and distinguish
between them. Answer: 1. Fungi can be single or multicellular but
digest food outside their body.
2. Plants are multicellular and are photosynthetic.
3. Animals are multicellular and eat other organisms for nutrients.
4. Protists are the unicellular organisms that have a nucleus but do
not fit any other category.
,◉List and describe the steps involved in solving a problem using
hypothesis-based science Answer: observation
hypothesis
experimental
conclusion
◉Describe the concept "an organism is more than the sum of its
parts." Answer: organism is part of a more complex organization.
These emergent properties go beyond itself.
◉By definition, distinguish between a population, a community, and
an ecosystem. Answer: 1. Population: multiple organisms in a single
spot
2. community: is made up of populations of different organisms
3. ecosystem: is the interactions between the community and the
non-living environment that surrounds it
◉Distinguish between a producer, a consumer and a decomposer.
Answer: producer:photosynthetic organisms that trap light and
convert that light energy into chemical bond energy. such as some
bacteria, protists, and all plants
consumer: organisms that feed on already-stored food
decomposer: bacteria and fungi recycle the dead molecules
throughout the bioshpere.
, ◉Distinguish between a hypothesis and a prediction. Answer:
hypothesis: testable explanation of a natural phenomenon.
prediction: statement based on hypothesis about a condition that
should exit if the hypothesis is correct.
◉What is meant by the phrase potentially falsifiable hypothesis?
Answer: a hypothesis can be proven that is false
◉Define the term control group and explain the value of a control
group in an experiment. Answer: Group of individuals identical to
an experimental group except for the independent variable under
investigation
To provide a basis of comparison to the experimental group
◉Define the term theory and explain the point in which a hypothesis
becomes a theory. Answer: Suppose a hypothesis stands even after
years of tests.
It is consistent with all data ever gathered, and it has helped us make
successful predictions about other phenomena.
◉Explain how electron configuration influences the chemical
properties of an atom. Answer: Each cloud can hold a determinant
number of electrons. When the electron number changes, ions are
STUDY GUIDE GRADED A+
◉Describe the levels of organization in the living world. Answer:
Atoms → cells → tissues → organs → organ systems → organism →
population → community → ecosystem → the biosphere
◉List the three domains of life and distinguish between each
domain. Answer: Prokaryotes are bacteria and archaea.
Domain Bacteria: unicellular no nucleus
Domain Archaea: unicellular no nucleus but closer to eukarya
Domain Eukarya: have nucleus
◉List four kingdoms within the domain Eukarya and distinguish
between them. Answer: 1. Fungi can be single or multicellular but
digest food outside their body.
2. Plants are multicellular and are photosynthetic.
3. Animals are multicellular and eat other organisms for nutrients.
4. Protists are the unicellular organisms that have a nucleus but do
not fit any other category.
,◉List and describe the steps involved in solving a problem using
hypothesis-based science Answer: observation
hypothesis
experimental
conclusion
◉Describe the concept "an organism is more than the sum of its
parts." Answer: organism is part of a more complex organization.
These emergent properties go beyond itself.
◉By definition, distinguish between a population, a community, and
an ecosystem. Answer: 1. Population: multiple organisms in a single
spot
2. community: is made up of populations of different organisms
3. ecosystem: is the interactions between the community and the
non-living environment that surrounds it
◉Distinguish between a producer, a consumer and a decomposer.
Answer: producer:photosynthetic organisms that trap light and
convert that light energy into chemical bond energy. such as some
bacteria, protists, and all plants
consumer: organisms that feed on already-stored food
decomposer: bacteria and fungi recycle the dead molecules
throughout the bioshpere.
, ◉Distinguish between a hypothesis and a prediction. Answer:
hypothesis: testable explanation of a natural phenomenon.
prediction: statement based on hypothesis about a condition that
should exit if the hypothesis is correct.
◉What is meant by the phrase potentially falsifiable hypothesis?
Answer: a hypothesis can be proven that is false
◉Define the term control group and explain the value of a control
group in an experiment. Answer: Group of individuals identical to
an experimental group except for the independent variable under
investigation
To provide a basis of comparison to the experimental group
◉Define the term theory and explain the point in which a hypothesis
becomes a theory. Answer: Suppose a hypothesis stands even after
years of tests.
It is consistent with all data ever gathered, and it has helped us make
successful predictions about other phenomena.
◉Explain how electron configuration influences the chemical
properties of an atom. Answer: Each cloud can hold a determinant
number of electrons. When the electron number changes, ions are
