NSG 3280(Patho) Nclex Reviews ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
For Exam 3 with correct answers ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
The physiologic change most likely to lead to an increase
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
in intracranial pressure is
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
a. cerebral vasodilation.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
b. hypernatremia.
||\\||\\
c. respiratory hyperventilation.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
d. REM sleep. - correct answers ✔✔a. cerebral
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
vasodilation
Manifestations of acute brain ischemia (Cushing reflex) ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
are due primarily to
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
a. parasympathetic nervous system activation.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
b. sympathetic nervous system activation.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
c. autoregulation of body systems.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
,d. loss of brainstem reflexes. - correct answers ✔✔b.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
sympathetic nervous system activation. ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Which group of clinical findings indicates the poorest
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
neurologic functioning? ||\\||\\
a. Spontaneous eye opening, movement to command,
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
oriented to self only. ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
b. Eyes open to light touch on shoulder, pupils briskly
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
reactive to light bilaterally. ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
c. Assumes decorticate posture with light touch, no verbal
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
response.
d. No eye opening, responds to painful stimulus by
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
withdrawing. - correct answers ✔✔c. Assumes ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
decorticate posture with light touch, no verbal response. ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Acceleration-deceleration movements of the head often ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
result in polar injuries in which:
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
a. injury is localized to the site of initial impact.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
,b. widespread neuronal damage is incurred.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
c. bleeding from venules fills the subdural space.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
d. focal injuries occur in two places at opposite poles. -
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
correct answers ✔✔d. focal injuries occur in two places at
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
opposite poles. ||\\||\\
Secondary injury after head trauma refers to: ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
a. brain injury resulting from the initial trauma.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
b. focal areas of bleeding.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
c. brain injury resulting from the body's response to tissue
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
damage.
d. injury as a result of medical therapy. - correct answers
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
✔✔c. brain injury resulting from the body's response to
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
tissue damage. ||\\||\\
An example of inappropriate treatment for head trauma
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
would be: ||\\||\\
, a. head elevation.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
b. free water restriction.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
c. hypoventilation.
||\\||\\
d. bed rest. - correct answers ✔✔C. Hypoventilation
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Risk factors for hemorrhagic stroke include:
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
a. atherosclerosis.
||\\||\\
b. dysrhythmias.
||\\||\\
c. acute hypertension.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
d. sedentary lifestyle. - correct answers ✔✔c. acute
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
hypertension.
The stroke etiology with the highest morbidity and
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
mortality is: ||\\||\\
a. intracranial hemorrhage.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
b. intracranial thrombosis.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
For Exam 3 with correct answers ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
The physiologic change most likely to lead to an increase
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
in intracranial pressure is
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
a. cerebral vasodilation.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
b. hypernatremia.
||\\||\\
c. respiratory hyperventilation.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
d. REM sleep. - correct answers ✔✔a. cerebral
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
vasodilation
Manifestations of acute brain ischemia (Cushing reflex) ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
are due primarily to
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
a. parasympathetic nervous system activation.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
b. sympathetic nervous system activation.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
c. autoregulation of body systems.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
,d. loss of brainstem reflexes. - correct answers ✔✔b.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
sympathetic nervous system activation. ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Which group of clinical findings indicates the poorest
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
neurologic functioning? ||\\||\\
a. Spontaneous eye opening, movement to command,
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
oriented to self only. ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
b. Eyes open to light touch on shoulder, pupils briskly
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
reactive to light bilaterally. ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
c. Assumes decorticate posture with light touch, no verbal
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
response.
d. No eye opening, responds to painful stimulus by
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
withdrawing. - correct answers ✔✔c. Assumes ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
decorticate posture with light touch, no verbal response. ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Acceleration-deceleration movements of the head often ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
result in polar injuries in which:
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
a. injury is localized to the site of initial impact.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
,b. widespread neuronal damage is incurred.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
c. bleeding from venules fills the subdural space.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
d. focal injuries occur in two places at opposite poles. -
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
correct answers ✔✔d. focal injuries occur in two places at
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
opposite poles. ||\\||\\
Secondary injury after head trauma refers to: ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
a. brain injury resulting from the initial trauma.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
b. focal areas of bleeding.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
c. brain injury resulting from the body's response to tissue
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
damage.
d. injury as a result of medical therapy. - correct answers
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
✔✔c. brain injury resulting from the body's response to
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
tissue damage. ||\\||\\
An example of inappropriate treatment for head trauma
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
would be: ||\\||\\
, a. head elevation.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
b. free water restriction.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
c. hypoventilation.
||\\||\\
d. bed rest. - correct answers ✔✔C. Hypoventilation
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Risk factors for hemorrhagic stroke include:
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
a. atherosclerosis.
||\\||\\
b. dysrhythmias.
||\\||\\
c. acute hypertension.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
d. sedentary lifestyle. - correct answers ✔✔c. acute
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
hypertension.
The stroke etiology with the highest morbidity and
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
mortality is: ||\\||\\
a. intracranial hemorrhage.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
b. intracranial thrombosis.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
