EMT FISDAP EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS 2026
Who is COPD commonly found in? - CORRECT ANSWER -COPD is most commonly a problem of
middle-aged or older patients. This is because these disorders ordinarily take time to develop as
tissues in the respiratory tract react to irritants.
What causes COPD - CORRECT ANSWER -Cigarette smoking causes the overwhelming majority
of cases of COPD. Occasionally, other irritants such as chemicals, air pollutants, or repeated
infections cause this condition.
What happens to the body with chronic bronchitis? - CORRECT ANSWER -In chronic bronchitis,
the bronchiole lining is inflamed and excess mucus is formed. The cells in the bronchioles that
normally clear away accumulations of mucus are not able to do so. The sweeping apparatus on
these cells, the cilia, has been damaged or destroyed.
What happens to the lungs with emphysema? - CORRECT ANSWER -In emphysema, the walls of
the alveoli break down, greatly reducing the surface area for respiratory exchange. The lungs
begin to lose elasticity. These factors combine to allow stale air laden with carbon dioxide to be
trapped in the lungs, reducing the effectiveness of normal breathing efforts.
Why does a COPD patient call 911 typically? - CORRECT ANSWER -Usually the reason a COPD
patient calls the ambulance is that a recent upper respiratory infection has caused an acute
worsening of chronic disease.
What can cause an asthma attack? - CORRECT ANSWER -Attacks can be precipitated by insect
stings, air pollutants, infection, strenuous exercise, or emotional stress.
What happens to the body during an asthma attack? - CORRECT ANSWER -When an asthma
attack occurs, the small bronchioles that lead to the air sacs of the lungs become narrowed
, because of contractions of the muscles that make up the airway. To complicate matters, there is
an overproduction of thick mucus.
Albuterol: - CORRECT ANSWER -a medication that dilates the bronchial passageways by
engaging beta receptors associated with the sympathetic nervous system. It is relatively fast-
acting and is generally the first line of therapy in a bronchoconstricted patient.
Ipratopium Bromide: - CORRECT ANSWER -a bronchodilator that accomplishes its goal by
blocking bronchoconstriction associated with the parasympathetic nervous system. It is an
anticholinergic medication. Ipratropium has a slower onset compared with albuterol, and also
lasts longer.
DuoNeb™: - CORRECT ANSWER -a formulation that combines both albuterol and ipratropium
bromide. It therefore provides bronchodilation through beta stimulation and by blocking
parasympathetic bronchoconstriction. This mix of medication is often used as a first-line agent
to treat bronchoconstriction.
Neb/Inhaler side effects - CORRECT ANSWER -Patients may experience an increased pulse rate,
tremors, nervousness, or a "jittery" feeling.
Inhaler medications: - CORRECT ANSWER -Examples of these medications include albuterol
(Ventolin® HFA, Proventil®, Volmax®) and levalbuterol (Xopenex®).
What are wheezes - CORRECT ANSWER -Wheezes are high-pitched sounds that will seem almost
musical in nature. The sound is created by air moving through narrowed air passages in the
lungs. It can be heard in a variety of diseases but is common in asthma and sometimes in
chronic obstructive lung diseases such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Wheezing is most
commonly heard during expiration.
What type of lung sounds do you expect to hear with an emphysema patient? - CORRECT
ANSWER -Wheezes are high-pitched sounds that will seem almost musical in nature. The sound
CORRECT ANSWERS 2026
Who is COPD commonly found in? - CORRECT ANSWER -COPD is most commonly a problem of
middle-aged or older patients. This is because these disorders ordinarily take time to develop as
tissues in the respiratory tract react to irritants.
What causes COPD - CORRECT ANSWER -Cigarette smoking causes the overwhelming majority
of cases of COPD. Occasionally, other irritants such as chemicals, air pollutants, or repeated
infections cause this condition.
What happens to the body with chronic bronchitis? - CORRECT ANSWER -In chronic bronchitis,
the bronchiole lining is inflamed and excess mucus is formed. The cells in the bronchioles that
normally clear away accumulations of mucus are not able to do so. The sweeping apparatus on
these cells, the cilia, has been damaged or destroyed.
What happens to the lungs with emphysema? - CORRECT ANSWER -In emphysema, the walls of
the alveoli break down, greatly reducing the surface area for respiratory exchange. The lungs
begin to lose elasticity. These factors combine to allow stale air laden with carbon dioxide to be
trapped in the lungs, reducing the effectiveness of normal breathing efforts.
Why does a COPD patient call 911 typically? - CORRECT ANSWER -Usually the reason a COPD
patient calls the ambulance is that a recent upper respiratory infection has caused an acute
worsening of chronic disease.
What can cause an asthma attack? - CORRECT ANSWER -Attacks can be precipitated by insect
stings, air pollutants, infection, strenuous exercise, or emotional stress.
What happens to the body during an asthma attack? - CORRECT ANSWER -When an asthma
attack occurs, the small bronchioles that lead to the air sacs of the lungs become narrowed
, because of contractions of the muscles that make up the airway. To complicate matters, there is
an overproduction of thick mucus.
Albuterol: - CORRECT ANSWER -a medication that dilates the bronchial passageways by
engaging beta receptors associated with the sympathetic nervous system. It is relatively fast-
acting and is generally the first line of therapy in a bronchoconstricted patient.
Ipratopium Bromide: - CORRECT ANSWER -a bronchodilator that accomplishes its goal by
blocking bronchoconstriction associated with the parasympathetic nervous system. It is an
anticholinergic medication. Ipratropium has a slower onset compared with albuterol, and also
lasts longer.
DuoNeb™: - CORRECT ANSWER -a formulation that combines both albuterol and ipratropium
bromide. It therefore provides bronchodilation through beta stimulation and by blocking
parasympathetic bronchoconstriction. This mix of medication is often used as a first-line agent
to treat bronchoconstriction.
Neb/Inhaler side effects - CORRECT ANSWER -Patients may experience an increased pulse rate,
tremors, nervousness, or a "jittery" feeling.
Inhaler medications: - CORRECT ANSWER -Examples of these medications include albuterol
(Ventolin® HFA, Proventil®, Volmax®) and levalbuterol (Xopenex®).
What are wheezes - CORRECT ANSWER -Wheezes are high-pitched sounds that will seem almost
musical in nature. The sound is created by air moving through narrowed air passages in the
lungs. It can be heard in a variety of diseases but is common in asthma and sometimes in
chronic obstructive lung diseases such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Wheezing is most
commonly heard during expiration.
What type of lung sounds do you expect to hear with an emphysema patient? - CORRECT
ANSWER -Wheezes are high-pitched sounds that will seem almost musical in nature. The sound
