Psyb64 - Lecture 5 Questions and
Answers.
Independent Effector Cells (Myocites) - Answer Cells that produce can contract like a muscle
and produce a motor response when directly stimulated by the environment.
Sponge - Answer An animal that does not have a nervous system, but instead has
independent effector cells.
One-layer Nervous System - Answer Sensorimotor neuron can send axons to multiple
effector cells producing multiple signals that can co-ordinate movement. e.g. Hydra
Two-layer Nervous System - Answer Contains sensory neurons and motor neurons. More
differentiated in detecting and responding to stimuli.
Three-layer Nervous System - Answer Contains sensory neurons, motor neurons and
interneurons.
Approximately 150 years - Answer The amount of time humans have existed.
Artificial Selection - Answer Selection by humans for breeding of useful traits from the
natural variation among different organisms.
Natural Selection - Answer A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits
tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits.
Sexual Selection - Answer A form of natural selection in which individuals with certain
inherited characteristics are more likely than other individuals to attract sexual partners, repel
sexual rivals, or do anything else that promotes reproduction.
The Social Brain Hypothesis - Answer (Dunbar 2003) Cognitive demands of living in
complexly bonded social groups selected for increases in executive brain. Larger neocortex ratio
correlates with larger groups.
Mating Mind Hypothesis - Answer (Miller, 2000) The demands of attracting and evaluating
sexual mates drove the evolution of "higher" brain abilities.
Homology - Answer Similarity in characteristics indicating genetic relatedness of bodily
structures. e.g. human arms and bat wings
Answers.
Independent Effector Cells (Myocites) - Answer Cells that produce can contract like a muscle
and produce a motor response when directly stimulated by the environment.
Sponge - Answer An animal that does not have a nervous system, but instead has
independent effector cells.
One-layer Nervous System - Answer Sensorimotor neuron can send axons to multiple
effector cells producing multiple signals that can co-ordinate movement. e.g. Hydra
Two-layer Nervous System - Answer Contains sensory neurons and motor neurons. More
differentiated in detecting and responding to stimuli.
Three-layer Nervous System - Answer Contains sensory neurons, motor neurons and
interneurons.
Approximately 150 years - Answer The amount of time humans have existed.
Artificial Selection - Answer Selection by humans for breeding of useful traits from the
natural variation among different organisms.
Natural Selection - Answer A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits
tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits.
Sexual Selection - Answer A form of natural selection in which individuals with certain
inherited characteristics are more likely than other individuals to attract sexual partners, repel
sexual rivals, or do anything else that promotes reproduction.
The Social Brain Hypothesis - Answer (Dunbar 2003) Cognitive demands of living in
complexly bonded social groups selected for increases in executive brain. Larger neocortex ratio
correlates with larger groups.
Mating Mind Hypothesis - Answer (Miller, 2000) The demands of attracting and evaluating
sexual mates drove the evolution of "higher" brain abilities.
Homology - Answer Similarity in characteristics indicating genetic relatedness of bodily
structures. e.g. human arms and bat wings
