EMT FISDAP AIRWAY EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2026
COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) - CORRECT ANSWER -chronic inflammatory lung
disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs
CHF (congestive heart failure) - CORRECT ANSWER -condition in which the heart cannot pump
enough blood to the rest of the body
PE (pulmonary embolism) - CORRECT ANSWER -A condition in which one or more arteries in the
lungs become blocked by a blood clot. Sudden shortness of breath, chest pain, cough. Treated
with blood thinners, or an embolectomy.
Cystic fibrosis (CF) - CORRECT ANSWER -hereditary disorder of the exocrine glands characterized
by excess mucus production in the respiratory tract, pancreatic deficiency, and other symptoms
Pneumothorax (PTX) - CORRECT ANSWER -an abnormal collection of air in the pleural space
which can cause all or part of the lung to collapse
Pneumonia (PNA) - CORRECT ANSWER -An inflammation of lung tissue, where the alveoli in the
affected areas fill w/fluid, lung sound association is rales
Pulmonary edema - CORRECT ANSWER -fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles usually caused by
failure of the heart to pump enough blood to and from lungs, found in patients with a hx of
cardiac disease, check for a tachypneic, diaphoretic patient , check for rales on auscultation
chronic bronchtis - CORRECT ANSWER -Inflammation and irritation of the bronchial tubes
, Emphysema - CORRECT ANSWER -a condition in which the air sacs of the lungs are damaged
and enlarged, causing breathlessness.
Hyperventilation syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER -usually severe agitiation, anxiety or fright,
hyperventilation, progressive signs and symptoms of alkalosis, (light headedness dizziness,
numbness, feeling of tightness, muscle twitching, carpal-pedal spasms, tetany, seizures, loss of
consciousness
peripheral circulation - CORRECT ANSWER -blood outside the central circulation, blood supply
for the extremities, consist of veins and arteries
• Central circulation - CORRECT ANSWER -blood in the heart and in the pulmonary circulation
Epiglottitis - CORRECT ANSWER -A disease in which the epiglottis becomes inflamed and
enlarged and may cause an upper airway obstruction.
Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis) - CORRECT ANSWER -a viral infection that causes swelling of
the larynx and epiglottis; a barking noise is characteristic
when do you perform rescue breathing? - CORRECT ANSWER -When a person collapses and
stops breathing
Ventilation (adult) - CORRECT ANSWER -10 ventilations per minute, 6-8 ml in mechanical
ventilation
Ventilation rate of Pediatric Patients - CORRECT ANSWER -20-30 breaths per minute
ventilation rate of an infant - CORRECT ANSWER -1 breath every 6-8 seconds
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2026
COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) - CORRECT ANSWER -chronic inflammatory lung
disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs
CHF (congestive heart failure) - CORRECT ANSWER -condition in which the heart cannot pump
enough blood to the rest of the body
PE (pulmonary embolism) - CORRECT ANSWER -A condition in which one or more arteries in the
lungs become blocked by a blood clot. Sudden shortness of breath, chest pain, cough. Treated
with blood thinners, or an embolectomy.
Cystic fibrosis (CF) - CORRECT ANSWER -hereditary disorder of the exocrine glands characterized
by excess mucus production in the respiratory tract, pancreatic deficiency, and other symptoms
Pneumothorax (PTX) - CORRECT ANSWER -an abnormal collection of air in the pleural space
which can cause all or part of the lung to collapse
Pneumonia (PNA) - CORRECT ANSWER -An inflammation of lung tissue, where the alveoli in the
affected areas fill w/fluid, lung sound association is rales
Pulmonary edema - CORRECT ANSWER -fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles usually caused by
failure of the heart to pump enough blood to and from lungs, found in patients with a hx of
cardiac disease, check for a tachypneic, diaphoretic patient , check for rales on auscultation
chronic bronchtis - CORRECT ANSWER -Inflammation and irritation of the bronchial tubes
, Emphysema - CORRECT ANSWER -a condition in which the air sacs of the lungs are damaged
and enlarged, causing breathlessness.
Hyperventilation syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER -usually severe agitiation, anxiety or fright,
hyperventilation, progressive signs and symptoms of alkalosis, (light headedness dizziness,
numbness, feeling of tightness, muscle twitching, carpal-pedal spasms, tetany, seizures, loss of
consciousness
peripheral circulation - CORRECT ANSWER -blood outside the central circulation, blood supply
for the extremities, consist of veins and arteries
• Central circulation - CORRECT ANSWER -blood in the heart and in the pulmonary circulation
Epiglottitis - CORRECT ANSWER -A disease in which the epiglottis becomes inflamed and
enlarged and may cause an upper airway obstruction.
Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis) - CORRECT ANSWER -a viral infection that causes swelling of
the larynx and epiglottis; a barking noise is characteristic
when do you perform rescue breathing? - CORRECT ANSWER -When a person collapses and
stops breathing
Ventilation (adult) - CORRECT ANSWER -10 ventilations per minute, 6-8 ml in mechanical
ventilation
Ventilation rate of Pediatric Patients - CORRECT ANSWER -20-30 breaths per minute
ventilation rate of an infant - CORRECT ANSWER -1 breath every 6-8 seconds
