PSYB64 - LECTURE 4 Questions and
All Actual Answers 2025-2026
Updated.
neuroscience - Answer scientific study of the brain and nervous system in health and in
disease
levels of analysis - Answer molecular -> cellular -> synaptic -> network -> behavioral
behavioral neuroscience/ biological psychology - Answer uses all levels of analysis to
understand connections of biology and behavior
computational neuroscience - Answer multidisciplinary study of neuroscience including
computer science, electrical engineering, math, and physics
mind-body dualism - Answer philosophical perspective where the mind and body were seen
as separate; the body is mechanical, the mind nonphysical
Descartes
monism - Answer philosophical perspective where the mind is viewed as the product of
activity in the brain
phrenology - Answer misguided effort to correlate character traits with bumps in the skull
- came from the ideas of localization
Broca - Answer physician that correlated damage he observed in patients with their
behaviour, concluding that language functions were localized in the brain
synapse - Answer the point of communication between two neurons (charles sherrington)
histology - Answer method
the study of microscopic structures and tissues
- provides a way to observe the structure, organization, and connections of individual cells
steps in studying tissue under the microscope - Answer fixing - freezing or treating with
formalin
slicing - using the microtome (a machine for slicing)
, stain - depending one what they are looking for
sliced tissue - Answer must be less than 1 μm (micrometer) for viewing under a microscope
golgi silver stain - Answer stain to observe single neurons
nissl stain - Answer stain to observe a population of cell bodies
myelin stain - Answer stain used to trace neural pathways
horseradish peroxidase - Answer stain used to trace axon pathways from their terminal to
pints of origin
autopsy - Answer examination of the body following death
- replaced with modern imaging
- must be careful of misconception of correlations
imaging - Answer a method that allows us to study the human brain before death
computerized tomography (CT) - Answer first high-resolution 3D images of the living brain
- useful for medical imaging
- no information regarding activity levels in the brain
-STRUCTURAL
positron emission tomography (PET) - Answer imaging technique that provides information
regarding the localization of brain activity
- uses a gamma camera and detects radiation
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - Answer imaging technique that uses powerful magnets
to align hydrogen atoms within a magnetic field and then uses radio frequency pulses
- each atom has a distinguishable pulse
-STRUCTURAL
functional MRI (fMRI) - Answer imaging technique used to assess brain activity by tracking
blood flow in a particular area
All Actual Answers 2025-2026
Updated.
neuroscience - Answer scientific study of the brain and nervous system in health and in
disease
levels of analysis - Answer molecular -> cellular -> synaptic -> network -> behavioral
behavioral neuroscience/ biological psychology - Answer uses all levels of analysis to
understand connections of biology and behavior
computational neuroscience - Answer multidisciplinary study of neuroscience including
computer science, electrical engineering, math, and physics
mind-body dualism - Answer philosophical perspective where the mind and body were seen
as separate; the body is mechanical, the mind nonphysical
Descartes
monism - Answer philosophical perspective where the mind is viewed as the product of
activity in the brain
phrenology - Answer misguided effort to correlate character traits with bumps in the skull
- came from the ideas of localization
Broca - Answer physician that correlated damage he observed in patients with their
behaviour, concluding that language functions were localized in the brain
synapse - Answer the point of communication between two neurons (charles sherrington)
histology - Answer method
the study of microscopic structures and tissues
- provides a way to observe the structure, organization, and connections of individual cells
steps in studying tissue under the microscope - Answer fixing - freezing or treating with
formalin
slicing - using the microtome (a machine for slicing)
, stain - depending one what they are looking for
sliced tissue - Answer must be less than 1 μm (micrometer) for viewing under a microscope
golgi silver stain - Answer stain to observe single neurons
nissl stain - Answer stain to observe a population of cell bodies
myelin stain - Answer stain used to trace neural pathways
horseradish peroxidase - Answer stain used to trace axon pathways from their terminal to
pints of origin
autopsy - Answer examination of the body following death
- replaced with modern imaging
- must be careful of misconception of correlations
imaging - Answer a method that allows us to study the human brain before death
computerized tomography (CT) - Answer first high-resolution 3D images of the living brain
- useful for medical imaging
- no information regarding activity levels in the brain
-STRUCTURAL
positron emission tomography (PET) - Answer imaging technique that provides information
regarding the localization of brain activity
- uses a gamma camera and detects radiation
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - Answer imaging technique that uses powerful magnets
to align hydrogen atoms within a magnetic field and then uses radio frequency pulses
- each atom has a distinguishable pulse
-STRUCTURAL
functional MRI (fMRI) - Answer imaging technique used to assess brain activity by tracking
blood flow in a particular area
