BIOS252 WEEK 7 EXAM PROFESSIONAL
EXAMPREP 2026 TESTED QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS FULL REVIEW GRADED A+
◉ antimicrobial peptides. Answer: act against microorganisms
◉ defensins. Answer: antimicrobial peptides that inhibit microbial
growth
◉ lysozyme. Answer: destroy cell wall of bacteria (lyses cell)
◉ sebum. Answer: secreted by sebaceous (oil) glands, helps keep
skin pliable and less likely to break or tear, also helps lower skin pH
to a level inhibitory to many bacteria
◉ mucous membrane. Answer: line all body cavities that open to the
outside of the body (nose, esophagus, GI tract, etc.)
◉ epithelium. Answer: a thin outer covering of the mucous
membranes, living cells, tightly packed to prevent entry of many
pathogens, continual shedding of cells carries away microorganisms,
contain dendritic cells
,◉ dendritic cells. Answer: located below epithelium and help
phagocytize pathogens
◉ goblet and ciliated columnar cells. Answer: help remove invaders
◉ mucous membranes. Answer: produce chemicals that defend
against pathogens
◉ mucus. Answer: defense because it contains cilia and has
peristalsis to expel stuff (also sticky so it traps stuff)
◉ lacrimal apparatus. Answer: produces and drains tears, blinking
spreads tears and washes surface of the eye, and contains lysozyme
◉ lysozyme. Answer: enzyme in tears that destroys bacteria
◉ Immune priveleged sites. Answer: they are able to tolerate the
introduction of antigens without eliciting an inflammatory immune
response.
◉ microbial antagonism. Answer: microbiome competes with
potential pathogens (normal flora keeps it in check because their
survival lessens survival of others)
, ◉ microbiome. Answer: normally harmless residents of the body
that make up the human flora (all the microbes in a particular
environment)
◉ consumption of nutrients, create an unfavorable environment,
prevent attachment to host cells, stimulates second line of defense,
and provides vitamins to host. Answer: how do members of the
microbiome make it hard for pathogens to compete?
◉ antimicrobial peptides. Answer: present in skin, mucous
membranes, neutrophils and act against a variety of microbes (not
specific) by working in conjunction with other things
◉ peptides. Answer: small proteins
◉ saliva. Answer: washes microbes from teeth, gums, tongue, and
palate (contain lysozyme)
◉ stomach acid. Answer: digests and or inhibits microorganisms
(low pH)
◉ gastroferritin. Answer: sequesters iron being absorbed, making it
unavailable for microbial use
EXAMPREP 2026 TESTED QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS FULL REVIEW GRADED A+
◉ antimicrobial peptides. Answer: act against microorganisms
◉ defensins. Answer: antimicrobial peptides that inhibit microbial
growth
◉ lysozyme. Answer: destroy cell wall of bacteria (lyses cell)
◉ sebum. Answer: secreted by sebaceous (oil) glands, helps keep
skin pliable and less likely to break or tear, also helps lower skin pH
to a level inhibitory to many bacteria
◉ mucous membrane. Answer: line all body cavities that open to the
outside of the body (nose, esophagus, GI tract, etc.)
◉ epithelium. Answer: a thin outer covering of the mucous
membranes, living cells, tightly packed to prevent entry of many
pathogens, continual shedding of cells carries away microorganisms,
contain dendritic cells
,◉ dendritic cells. Answer: located below epithelium and help
phagocytize pathogens
◉ goblet and ciliated columnar cells. Answer: help remove invaders
◉ mucous membranes. Answer: produce chemicals that defend
against pathogens
◉ mucus. Answer: defense because it contains cilia and has
peristalsis to expel stuff (also sticky so it traps stuff)
◉ lacrimal apparatus. Answer: produces and drains tears, blinking
spreads tears and washes surface of the eye, and contains lysozyme
◉ lysozyme. Answer: enzyme in tears that destroys bacteria
◉ Immune priveleged sites. Answer: they are able to tolerate the
introduction of antigens without eliciting an inflammatory immune
response.
◉ microbial antagonism. Answer: microbiome competes with
potential pathogens (normal flora keeps it in check because their
survival lessens survival of others)
, ◉ microbiome. Answer: normally harmless residents of the body
that make up the human flora (all the microbes in a particular
environment)
◉ consumption of nutrients, create an unfavorable environment,
prevent attachment to host cells, stimulates second line of defense,
and provides vitamins to host. Answer: how do members of the
microbiome make it hard for pathogens to compete?
◉ antimicrobial peptides. Answer: present in skin, mucous
membranes, neutrophils and act against a variety of microbes (not
specific) by working in conjunction with other things
◉ peptides. Answer: small proteins
◉ saliva. Answer: washes microbes from teeth, gums, tongue, and
palate (contain lysozyme)
◉ stomach acid. Answer: digests and or inhibits microorganisms
(low pH)
◉ gastroferritin. Answer: sequesters iron being absorbed, making it
unavailable for microbial use
