Micr 2420: ACC Lec Exam 1 Study Guide
Questions with Actual Detailed Answers
2025-2026 Updated.
1. Which of the following is not a characteristic of bacteria?
a. Have peptidoglycan in their cell walls.
b. All have the same shape.
c. Grow by binary fission.
d. Do not have a membrane bound nucleus - Answer b. All have the same shape.
2. Which of the following statements best defines "biogenesis"?
a. Non-living matter gives rise to living organisms.
b. A vital force necessary for life
c. Air is necessary for living organisms.
d. Living cells can only arise from preexisting cells. - Answer d. Living cells can only arise from
preexisting cells.
3. You are trying to identify an unknown gram-negative bacterium. Which of the following stains
is not necessary?
a. Acid-fast Stain.
b. Negative Stain.
c. Flagella Stain.
d. Endospore stain.
e. All stains are necessary. - Answer b. Negative Stain
4. You have just performed a simple stain with Gram's Crystal Violet Stain on an unknown
bacterium. When you examine it under the microscope you see purple rods. What do you know
about this organism?
a. It is a gram-positive organism.
b. It is a gram-negative organism.
c. It is a cocci.
d. It is a rod.
,e. Both a and d.
f. Both band c. - Answer a. It is a gram-positive organism.
d. It is a rod.
e. Both a and d.
5. Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
a. capsule : negative stain
b. gram stain : bacterial identification
c. cell arrangement : simple stain
d. acid fast : endospores
e. cell size : negative stain - Answer d. acid fast : endospores
capsule stain - Answer negative stain
gram stain - Answer bacterial indentification
cell arrangement - Answer simple staine
cell size - Answer negative stain
acid fast stain - Answer differential stain which distinguishes organisms with waxy cell walls
that can resist decolorization with acid alcohol.
6. Assume that you are viewing a Gram-stained field of pink cocci and purple bacilli through the
microscope. You can safely conclude that you have
a. Two different species of bacteria.
b. Old bacterial cells.
c. Young bacterial cells.
d. Made a mistake.
e. None of the above. - Answer a. Two different species of bacteria.
7. Which of the following is not a distinguishing characteristic of prokaryotic cells?
, a. They lack membrane-enclosed organelles.
b. They have a single, circular chromosome.
c. They lack a cell membrane.
d. They have cell walls containing peptidoglycan. - Answer b. They have a single, circular
chromosome.
8. Which of the following is not true about fimbriae?
a. They are composed of protein.
b. They may be used for DNA transfer.
c. They may be used for attachment.
d. They are found on some gram-negative cells. - Answer b. They may be used for DNA
transfer.
9. Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
a. plasma membrane : transport
b. cell wall : protection
c. membrane : DNA synthesis
d. pili : DNA transfer
e. glycocalyx : adherence - Answer c. membrane : DNA synthesis
10. You have isolated a motile, gram-positive cell with no visible nucleus. You can assume this
cell has_______________.
a. ribosomes
b. mitochondria
c. an endoplasmic reticulum
d. a golgi complex
e. all of the above - Answer a. ribosomes
11. Which of the following processes generates the most ATP?
a. Anaerobic respiration.
b. Fermentation.
c. Glycolysis.
Questions with Actual Detailed Answers
2025-2026 Updated.
1. Which of the following is not a characteristic of bacteria?
a. Have peptidoglycan in their cell walls.
b. All have the same shape.
c. Grow by binary fission.
d. Do not have a membrane bound nucleus - Answer b. All have the same shape.
2. Which of the following statements best defines "biogenesis"?
a. Non-living matter gives rise to living organisms.
b. A vital force necessary for life
c. Air is necessary for living organisms.
d. Living cells can only arise from preexisting cells. - Answer d. Living cells can only arise from
preexisting cells.
3. You are trying to identify an unknown gram-negative bacterium. Which of the following stains
is not necessary?
a. Acid-fast Stain.
b. Negative Stain.
c. Flagella Stain.
d. Endospore stain.
e. All stains are necessary. - Answer b. Negative Stain
4. You have just performed a simple stain with Gram's Crystal Violet Stain on an unknown
bacterium. When you examine it under the microscope you see purple rods. What do you know
about this organism?
a. It is a gram-positive organism.
b. It is a gram-negative organism.
c. It is a cocci.
d. It is a rod.
,e. Both a and d.
f. Both band c. - Answer a. It is a gram-positive organism.
d. It is a rod.
e. Both a and d.
5. Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
a. capsule : negative stain
b. gram stain : bacterial identification
c. cell arrangement : simple stain
d. acid fast : endospores
e. cell size : negative stain - Answer d. acid fast : endospores
capsule stain - Answer negative stain
gram stain - Answer bacterial indentification
cell arrangement - Answer simple staine
cell size - Answer negative stain
acid fast stain - Answer differential stain which distinguishes organisms with waxy cell walls
that can resist decolorization with acid alcohol.
6. Assume that you are viewing a Gram-stained field of pink cocci and purple bacilli through the
microscope. You can safely conclude that you have
a. Two different species of bacteria.
b. Old bacterial cells.
c. Young bacterial cells.
d. Made a mistake.
e. None of the above. - Answer a. Two different species of bacteria.
7. Which of the following is not a distinguishing characteristic of prokaryotic cells?
, a. They lack membrane-enclosed organelles.
b. They have a single, circular chromosome.
c. They lack a cell membrane.
d. They have cell walls containing peptidoglycan. - Answer b. They have a single, circular
chromosome.
8. Which of the following is not true about fimbriae?
a. They are composed of protein.
b. They may be used for DNA transfer.
c. They may be used for attachment.
d. They are found on some gram-negative cells. - Answer b. They may be used for DNA
transfer.
9. Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
a. plasma membrane : transport
b. cell wall : protection
c. membrane : DNA synthesis
d. pili : DNA transfer
e. glycocalyx : adherence - Answer c. membrane : DNA synthesis
10. You have isolated a motile, gram-positive cell with no visible nucleus. You can assume this
cell has_______________.
a. ribosomes
b. mitochondria
c. an endoplasmic reticulum
d. a golgi complex
e. all of the above - Answer a. ribosomes
11. Which of the following processes generates the most ATP?
a. Anaerobic respiration.
b. Fermentation.
c. Glycolysis.
