MED SURG NEURO EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% CORRECT!!
,The nurse is caring for a group of patients on a medical unit. After receiving report,
which patient should the nurse see first?
A. A 42-year-old patient with multiple sclerosis who was admitted with sepsis
B. A 72-year-old patient with Parkinson's disease who has aspiration pneumonia
C. A 38-year-old patient with myasthenia gravis who declined prescribed medications
D. A 45-year-old patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis who refuses enteral feedings
- ANSWER C. A 38-year-old patient with myasthenia gravis who declined prescribed
medications
Patients with myasthenia gravis who discontinue pyridostigmine (Mestinon) will develop
a myasthenic crisis. Myasthenia crisis results in severe muscle weakness and can lead
to a respiratory arrest.
The nurse observes a 74-year-old man with Parkinson's disease rocking side to side
while sitting in the chair. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?
A. Provide the patient with diversional activities.
B. Document the activity in the patient's health record.
C. Take the patient's blood pressure sitting and standing.
D. Ask if the patient is feeling either anxious or depressed. - ANSWER B. Document the
activity in the patient's health record.
Patients with Parkinson's disease are instructed to rock from side to side to stimulate
balance mechanisms and decrease akinesia.
The nurse provides dietary instructions to the in-home caregiver of a 45-year-old man
who has Huntington's disease. The nurse is most concerned if the caregiver makes
which statement?
A. "Depression is common and may cause a decrease in appetite."
B. "If swallowing becomes difficult, a feeding tube may be needed."
C. "Calories should be restricted to prevent unnecessary weight gain."
D. "Muscles in the face are affected, and chewing may become impossible." - ANSWER
C. "Calories should be restricted to prevent unnecessary weight gain."
Patients with Huntington's disease may require 4000 to 5000 calories per day to
maintain body weight. Weight loss occurs in patients with Huntington's disease because
of choreic movements, difficulty swallowing, depression, and mental deterioration.
, Nutritional support is a priority in the care of individuals with PD. Such patients may
benefit from meals that are smaller and more frequent than normal and that are easy to
chew and swallow.
Which nursing diagnosis is likely to be a priority in the care of a patient with myasthenia
gravis (MG)?
A. Acute confusion
B. Bowel incontinence
C. Activity intolerance
D. Disturbed sleep pattern - ANSWER C. Activity intolerance
The primary feature of MG is fluctuating weakness of skeletal muscle. Bowel
incontinence and confusion are unlikely signs of MG, and although sleep disturbance is
likely, activity intolerance is usually of primary concern.
When establishing a diagnosis of MS, the nurse should teach the patient about what
diagnostic studies (select all that apply)?
A. EEG
B. CT scan
C. Carotid duplex scan
D. Evoked response testing
E. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis - ANSWER B. CT scan Correct
D. Evoked response testing Correct
E. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis Correct
There is no definitive diagnostic test for MS. CT scan, evoked response testing,
cerebrospinal fluid analysis, and MRI along with history and physical examination are
used to establish a diagnosis for MS. EEG and carotid duplex scan are not used for
diagnosing MS
A 48-year-old man was just diagnosed with Huntington's disease. His 20-year-old son is
upset about his father's diagnosis. How can the nurse best help this young man?
A. Provide emotional and psychologic support.
B. Encourage him to get diagnostic genetic testing done.
C. Tell him the cognitive deterioration will be treated with counseling.
ANSWERS 100% CORRECT!!
,The nurse is caring for a group of patients on a medical unit. After receiving report,
which patient should the nurse see first?
A. A 42-year-old patient with multiple sclerosis who was admitted with sepsis
B. A 72-year-old patient with Parkinson's disease who has aspiration pneumonia
C. A 38-year-old patient with myasthenia gravis who declined prescribed medications
D. A 45-year-old patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis who refuses enteral feedings
- ANSWER C. A 38-year-old patient with myasthenia gravis who declined prescribed
medications
Patients with myasthenia gravis who discontinue pyridostigmine (Mestinon) will develop
a myasthenic crisis. Myasthenia crisis results in severe muscle weakness and can lead
to a respiratory arrest.
The nurse observes a 74-year-old man with Parkinson's disease rocking side to side
while sitting in the chair. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?
A. Provide the patient with diversional activities.
B. Document the activity in the patient's health record.
C. Take the patient's blood pressure sitting and standing.
D. Ask if the patient is feeling either anxious or depressed. - ANSWER B. Document the
activity in the patient's health record.
Patients with Parkinson's disease are instructed to rock from side to side to stimulate
balance mechanisms and decrease akinesia.
The nurse provides dietary instructions to the in-home caregiver of a 45-year-old man
who has Huntington's disease. The nurse is most concerned if the caregiver makes
which statement?
A. "Depression is common and may cause a decrease in appetite."
B. "If swallowing becomes difficult, a feeding tube may be needed."
C. "Calories should be restricted to prevent unnecessary weight gain."
D. "Muscles in the face are affected, and chewing may become impossible." - ANSWER
C. "Calories should be restricted to prevent unnecessary weight gain."
Patients with Huntington's disease may require 4000 to 5000 calories per day to
maintain body weight. Weight loss occurs in patients with Huntington's disease because
of choreic movements, difficulty swallowing, depression, and mental deterioration.
, Nutritional support is a priority in the care of individuals with PD. Such patients may
benefit from meals that are smaller and more frequent than normal and that are easy to
chew and swallow.
Which nursing diagnosis is likely to be a priority in the care of a patient with myasthenia
gravis (MG)?
A. Acute confusion
B. Bowel incontinence
C. Activity intolerance
D. Disturbed sleep pattern - ANSWER C. Activity intolerance
The primary feature of MG is fluctuating weakness of skeletal muscle. Bowel
incontinence and confusion are unlikely signs of MG, and although sleep disturbance is
likely, activity intolerance is usually of primary concern.
When establishing a diagnosis of MS, the nurse should teach the patient about what
diagnostic studies (select all that apply)?
A. EEG
B. CT scan
C. Carotid duplex scan
D. Evoked response testing
E. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis - ANSWER B. CT scan Correct
D. Evoked response testing Correct
E. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis Correct
There is no definitive diagnostic test for MS. CT scan, evoked response testing,
cerebrospinal fluid analysis, and MRI along with history and physical examination are
used to establish a diagnosis for MS. EEG and carotid duplex scan are not used for
diagnosing MS
A 48-year-old man was just diagnosed with Huntington's disease. His 20-year-old son is
upset about his father's diagnosis. How can the nurse best help this young man?
A. Provide emotional and psychologic support.
B. Encourage him to get diagnostic genetic testing done.
C. Tell him the cognitive deterioration will be treated with counseling.
