NR 546 / NR546 Exam (Latest )
Tested Questions with Revised Answers,
(A+ Guarantee).
1. A 34-year-old male recently began experiencing breast secretions while receiving
risperidone. Which dopamine pathway is associated with this side effect?
A. Mesolimbic pathway
B. Mesocortical pathway
C. Tuberoinfundibular pathway
D. Nigrostriatal pathway
Answer: C. Tuberoinfundibular pathway
2. A 44-year-old woman is initiated on an atypical antipsychotic for schizophrenia.
Regarding affinity, atypical antipsychotics demonstrate which of the following most
often?
A. High risk of extrapyramidal symptoms with poor positive symptom control
B. Equal positive symptom antipsychotic actions and low extrapyramidal symptoms
C. Selective D2 blockade with no serotonin activity
D. High metabolic side effects with strong negative symptom control
Answer: B. Equal positive symptom antipsychotic actions and low extrapyramidal
symptoms
3. A major current hypothesis for the cause of schizophrenia proposes that NMDA
receptors may be which of the following?
A. Hyperfunctional
B. Overexpressed
C. Hypofunctional
D. Permanently damaged
Answer: C. Hypofunctional
4. Which dopamine pathway is associated with positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
A. Nigrostriatal pathway
B. Tuberoinfundibular pathway
C. Mesocortical pathway
D. Mesolimbic pathway
Answer: D. Mesolimbic pathway
5. Which dopamine pathway is associated with negative symptoms of
schizophrenia?
A. Mesolimbic pathway
B. Nigrostriatal pathway
,C. Mesocortical pathway
D. Tuberoinfundibular pathway
Answer: C. Mesocortical pathway
6. Which pathway is part of the extrapyramidal nervous system and associated with
extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS)?
A. Mesolimbic pathway
B. Mesocortical pathway
C. Tuberoinfundibular pathway
D. Nigrostriatal pathway
Answer: D. Nigrostriatal pathway
7. The limbic system is associated with which of the following?
A. Motor coordination and balance
B. Visual processing and memory
C. Emotion and learning
D. Sensory organ and motor command processing
Answer: C. Emotion and learning
8. Wernicke's area is associated with which of the following?
A. Motor movement
B. Speech comprehension
C. Visual processing
D. Emotional regulation
Answer: B. Speech comprehension
9. Which brain structure is most associated with long-term memory?
A. Amygdala
B. Thalamus
C. Hippocampus
D. Corpus callosum
Answer: C. Hippocampus
10. Which of the following is an excitatory neurotransmitter?
A. GABA
B. Serotonin
C. Glutamate
D. Acetylcholine
Answer: C. Glutamate
11. In depression, norepinephrine levels are:
A. Increased
B. Unchanged
C. Fluctuating
,D. Decreased
Answer: D. Decreased
12. In depression, acetylcholine levels are:
A. Decreased
B. Increased
C. Unchanged
D. Absent
Answer: B. Increased
13. Which medication is least associated with weight gain among antipsychotics?
A. Quetiapine
B. Olanzapine
C. Clozapine
D. Aripiprazole
Answer: D. Aripiprazole
14. What antipsychotics carry a black box warning in children for increased risk of
suicide?
A. Haloperidol and Clozapine
B. Aripiprazole and Quetiapine
C. Risperidone and Ziprasidone
D. Olanzapine and Paliperidone
Answer: B. Aripiprazole and Quetiapine
15. Which medication has the highest risk for galactorrhea due to
hyperprolactinemia?
A. Olanzapine
B. Clozapine
C. Risperidone
D. Quetiapine
Answer: C. Risperidone
16. Which area of the brain is associated with cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia?
A. Orbitofrontal cortex
B. Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
C. Occipital lobe
D. Nucleus accumbens
Answer: B. Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
17. Which area of the brain is associated with aggressive and impulsive symptoms?
A. Hippocampus and thalamus
B. Orbitofrontal cortex and amygdala
C. Cerebellum and brainstem
, D. Corpus callosum and striatum
Answer: B. Orbitofrontal cortex and amygdala
18. What are the three major hypotheses of psychosis?
A. Serotonin, GABA, and acetylcholine theories
B. Dopamine, glutamate, and serotonin theories
C. Norepinephrine, dopamine, and GABA theories
D. Glutamate, histamine, and norepinephrine theories
Answer: B. Dopamine, glutamate, and serotonin theories
19. Which statement correctly pairs the pharmacodynamic effect with its definition?
A. Agonist effect — drug binds to receptor but does not activate a response
B. Partial agonist — drug blocks all receptor activity completely
C. Antagonist effect — drug binds to receptor but does not activate a response
D. Inverse agonist — drug activates receptor to produce maximum response
Answer: C. Antagonist effect — drug binds to receptor but does not activate a
response
20. Human central nervous system communication at synapses is which of the
following?
A. Electrical
B. Mechanical
C. Chemical
D. Nuclear
Answer: C. Chemical
21. Which medication classes increase serotonin?
A. MAOIs, Beta-blockers, and Antihistamines
B. SSRIs, Tricyclics, and SNRIs
C. Benzodiazepines, SSRIs, and Mood stabilizers
D. Antipsychotics, SNRIs, and Beta-blockers
Answer: B. SSRIs, Tricyclics, and SNRIs
22. Which of the following are involved in regulating neurotransmission via
excitation-secretion coupling?
A. GABA receptors and serotonin channels
B. G-protein linked systems and dopamine receptors
C. Voltage-sensitive sodium channels and voltage-sensitive calcium channels
D. NMDA receptors and muscarinic receptors
Answer: C. Voltage-sensitive sodium channels and voltage-sensitive calcium
channels
23. What system influences the length of time for a drug to achieve efficacy?
A. CYP450 enzyme system
Tested Questions with Revised Answers,
(A+ Guarantee).
1. A 34-year-old male recently began experiencing breast secretions while receiving
risperidone. Which dopamine pathway is associated with this side effect?
A. Mesolimbic pathway
B. Mesocortical pathway
C. Tuberoinfundibular pathway
D. Nigrostriatal pathway
Answer: C. Tuberoinfundibular pathway
2. A 44-year-old woman is initiated on an atypical antipsychotic for schizophrenia.
Regarding affinity, atypical antipsychotics demonstrate which of the following most
often?
A. High risk of extrapyramidal symptoms with poor positive symptom control
B. Equal positive symptom antipsychotic actions and low extrapyramidal symptoms
C. Selective D2 blockade with no serotonin activity
D. High metabolic side effects with strong negative symptom control
Answer: B. Equal positive symptom antipsychotic actions and low extrapyramidal
symptoms
3. A major current hypothesis for the cause of schizophrenia proposes that NMDA
receptors may be which of the following?
A. Hyperfunctional
B. Overexpressed
C. Hypofunctional
D. Permanently damaged
Answer: C. Hypofunctional
4. Which dopamine pathway is associated with positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
A. Nigrostriatal pathway
B. Tuberoinfundibular pathway
C. Mesocortical pathway
D. Mesolimbic pathway
Answer: D. Mesolimbic pathway
5. Which dopamine pathway is associated with negative symptoms of
schizophrenia?
A. Mesolimbic pathway
B. Nigrostriatal pathway
,C. Mesocortical pathway
D. Tuberoinfundibular pathway
Answer: C. Mesocortical pathway
6. Which pathway is part of the extrapyramidal nervous system and associated with
extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS)?
A. Mesolimbic pathway
B. Mesocortical pathway
C. Tuberoinfundibular pathway
D. Nigrostriatal pathway
Answer: D. Nigrostriatal pathway
7. The limbic system is associated with which of the following?
A. Motor coordination and balance
B. Visual processing and memory
C. Emotion and learning
D. Sensory organ and motor command processing
Answer: C. Emotion and learning
8. Wernicke's area is associated with which of the following?
A. Motor movement
B. Speech comprehension
C. Visual processing
D. Emotional regulation
Answer: B. Speech comprehension
9. Which brain structure is most associated with long-term memory?
A. Amygdala
B. Thalamus
C. Hippocampus
D. Corpus callosum
Answer: C. Hippocampus
10. Which of the following is an excitatory neurotransmitter?
A. GABA
B. Serotonin
C. Glutamate
D. Acetylcholine
Answer: C. Glutamate
11. In depression, norepinephrine levels are:
A. Increased
B. Unchanged
C. Fluctuating
,D. Decreased
Answer: D. Decreased
12. In depression, acetylcholine levels are:
A. Decreased
B. Increased
C. Unchanged
D. Absent
Answer: B. Increased
13. Which medication is least associated with weight gain among antipsychotics?
A. Quetiapine
B. Olanzapine
C. Clozapine
D. Aripiprazole
Answer: D. Aripiprazole
14. What antipsychotics carry a black box warning in children for increased risk of
suicide?
A. Haloperidol and Clozapine
B. Aripiprazole and Quetiapine
C. Risperidone and Ziprasidone
D. Olanzapine and Paliperidone
Answer: B. Aripiprazole and Quetiapine
15. Which medication has the highest risk for galactorrhea due to
hyperprolactinemia?
A. Olanzapine
B. Clozapine
C. Risperidone
D. Quetiapine
Answer: C. Risperidone
16. Which area of the brain is associated with cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia?
A. Orbitofrontal cortex
B. Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
C. Occipital lobe
D. Nucleus accumbens
Answer: B. Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
17. Which area of the brain is associated with aggressive and impulsive symptoms?
A. Hippocampus and thalamus
B. Orbitofrontal cortex and amygdala
C. Cerebellum and brainstem
, D. Corpus callosum and striatum
Answer: B. Orbitofrontal cortex and amygdala
18. What are the three major hypotheses of psychosis?
A. Serotonin, GABA, and acetylcholine theories
B. Dopamine, glutamate, and serotonin theories
C. Norepinephrine, dopamine, and GABA theories
D. Glutamate, histamine, and norepinephrine theories
Answer: B. Dopamine, glutamate, and serotonin theories
19. Which statement correctly pairs the pharmacodynamic effect with its definition?
A. Agonist effect — drug binds to receptor but does not activate a response
B. Partial agonist — drug blocks all receptor activity completely
C. Antagonist effect — drug binds to receptor but does not activate a response
D. Inverse agonist — drug activates receptor to produce maximum response
Answer: C. Antagonist effect — drug binds to receptor but does not activate a
response
20. Human central nervous system communication at synapses is which of the
following?
A. Electrical
B. Mechanical
C. Chemical
D. Nuclear
Answer: C. Chemical
21. Which medication classes increase serotonin?
A. MAOIs, Beta-blockers, and Antihistamines
B. SSRIs, Tricyclics, and SNRIs
C. Benzodiazepines, SSRIs, and Mood stabilizers
D. Antipsychotics, SNRIs, and Beta-blockers
Answer: B. SSRIs, Tricyclics, and SNRIs
22. Which of the following are involved in regulating neurotransmission via
excitation-secretion coupling?
A. GABA receptors and serotonin channels
B. G-protein linked systems and dopamine receptors
C. Voltage-sensitive sodium channels and voltage-sensitive calcium channels
D. NMDA receptors and muscarinic receptors
Answer: C. Voltage-sensitive sodium channels and voltage-sensitive calcium
channels
23. What system influences the length of time for a drug to achieve efficacy?
A. CYP450 enzyme system
