NSC 209 Exam 2
Alcohol slows the body's use of - answer fat for fuel
Feasting - answer more energy consumed than expended
Excess carbohydrates are first stored as __________. When these stores are full, this
______ is then used for ______, displacing use of _____, so ______ is stored. - answer
glycogen
glycogen
energy
fat
fat
Alcohol yields how many kcals/gram? - answer7 kcal/g
When we consume carbohydrates, the excess glucose is stored as _______ in the
_____ and ______. - answerglycogen
liver
muscles
When we overconsume, our ____ cells ______.
In adulthood, the ______ get ______ in size.
In infancy, the _______ of cells ______. - answerfat
enlarge
fat cells
larger
number
increases
Humans lay down the number of _____ cells they are going to have for their whole life
in _____. This is why it is important to have adequate eating between _______ of life. -
answerfat
infancy
6 to 12 months
Fat yields ______. It is the most calorically ______ macronutrient. - answer9 kcal/g
dense
Consumed fat takes a direct route to the - answeradipose tissue for storage
The body possesses _____ to convert excess ______ to body fat, but the process is
very ______. - answerenzymes
,protein
inefficient
When a person engages in feasting:
carbohydrates -> ______ -> _______
fat -> ________ -> ________
protein -> ________ -> ________ - answerglucose; liver and fat as glycogen stores
fatty acids; body fat stores
amino acids; nitrogen lost in urine
When a person engages in feasting with protein, it is broken down in the body to
______, which are first used to replace body ______. Excess contributes to body
_______ and can also be converted to ______ or ______. - answeramino acids
proteins
fuel
glucose
fat
The body is always _______ active, even when you are not active. This is referred to as
your _______ _________. - answermetabolically
basal metabolism
basal metabolism - answerthe energy needed to maintain life when a body is at
complete digestive, physical, and emotional rest
Roughly _____ of your energy expenditure is just to keep you alive. - answer2/3
When you're not eating, your body is using _____ ______ available in your body. This is
a _______ state. When you're fasting, the body uses _____ from the _____, and _____
from the ______ tissue as a source of energy. - answerstore fuel
fasting
glycogen
liver
fatty acids
adipose
Liver glycogen can only supply _____ for up to _____. - answerglucose
a day
Within a few hours of a fast, the cells primarily use ______ as a fuel source. However,
the ________ is not able to use ______ as a fuel source; it requires ______ -
answerfatty acids
nervous system
fatty acids
glucose
, Brains, nerves, and red blood cells cannot metabolize ______. They need ______ for
fuel. - answerfatty acids
glucose
Since ____ cannot be used by the nervous system for energy, body _____ are
catabolized and _____ acids are converted to ______ in the _____ to provide fuel for
the ______. - answerfatty acids
proteins
amino
glucose
liver
brain
For the first few days of a fast, ______ of the glucose is provided through the use of
body _____, and _____ of the glucose comes from the _____ backbones from _____
acid breakdown. - answer90%
protein
10%
glycerol
fatty
During a prolonged fast, ______ develop from the _________ of fat can serve as fuel
for the ______. The primary fuel for most areas of the brain is still ______. -
answerketone bodies
catabolism
brain
glucose
Ketone bodies - answercompounds produced during the incomplete breakdown of fat
when glucose is not available in the cells
Ketone bodies are _____, _____-soluble compounds produced by the ______ from fatty
acid fragments. - answeracidic
water
liver
Ketone bodies help slow _____ tissue catabolism, so _____ tissue wasting slows but
______ through prolonged ______/_______. - answerlean
lean
continues
fasting
starvation
During fasting:
Liver and muscle glycogen stores -> ____ -> ______
Body fat stores -> _____ -> ______
Alcohol slows the body's use of - answer fat for fuel
Feasting - answer more energy consumed than expended
Excess carbohydrates are first stored as __________. When these stores are full, this
______ is then used for ______, displacing use of _____, so ______ is stored. - answer
glycogen
glycogen
energy
fat
fat
Alcohol yields how many kcals/gram? - answer7 kcal/g
When we consume carbohydrates, the excess glucose is stored as _______ in the
_____ and ______. - answerglycogen
liver
muscles
When we overconsume, our ____ cells ______.
In adulthood, the ______ get ______ in size.
In infancy, the _______ of cells ______. - answerfat
enlarge
fat cells
larger
number
increases
Humans lay down the number of _____ cells they are going to have for their whole life
in _____. This is why it is important to have adequate eating between _______ of life. -
answerfat
infancy
6 to 12 months
Fat yields ______. It is the most calorically ______ macronutrient. - answer9 kcal/g
dense
Consumed fat takes a direct route to the - answeradipose tissue for storage
The body possesses _____ to convert excess ______ to body fat, but the process is
very ______. - answerenzymes
,protein
inefficient
When a person engages in feasting:
carbohydrates -> ______ -> _______
fat -> ________ -> ________
protein -> ________ -> ________ - answerglucose; liver and fat as glycogen stores
fatty acids; body fat stores
amino acids; nitrogen lost in urine
When a person engages in feasting with protein, it is broken down in the body to
______, which are first used to replace body ______. Excess contributes to body
_______ and can also be converted to ______ or ______. - answeramino acids
proteins
fuel
glucose
fat
The body is always _______ active, even when you are not active. This is referred to as
your _______ _________. - answermetabolically
basal metabolism
basal metabolism - answerthe energy needed to maintain life when a body is at
complete digestive, physical, and emotional rest
Roughly _____ of your energy expenditure is just to keep you alive. - answer2/3
When you're not eating, your body is using _____ ______ available in your body. This is
a _______ state. When you're fasting, the body uses _____ from the _____, and _____
from the ______ tissue as a source of energy. - answerstore fuel
fasting
glycogen
liver
fatty acids
adipose
Liver glycogen can only supply _____ for up to _____. - answerglucose
a day
Within a few hours of a fast, the cells primarily use ______ as a fuel source. However,
the ________ is not able to use ______ as a fuel source; it requires ______ -
answerfatty acids
nervous system
fatty acids
glucose
, Brains, nerves, and red blood cells cannot metabolize ______. They need ______ for
fuel. - answerfatty acids
glucose
Since ____ cannot be used by the nervous system for energy, body _____ are
catabolized and _____ acids are converted to ______ in the _____ to provide fuel for
the ______. - answerfatty acids
proteins
amino
glucose
liver
brain
For the first few days of a fast, ______ of the glucose is provided through the use of
body _____, and _____ of the glucose comes from the _____ backbones from _____
acid breakdown. - answer90%
protein
10%
glycerol
fatty
During a prolonged fast, ______ develop from the _________ of fat can serve as fuel
for the ______. The primary fuel for most areas of the brain is still ______. -
answerketone bodies
catabolism
brain
glucose
Ketone bodies - answercompounds produced during the incomplete breakdown of fat
when glucose is not available in the cells
Ketone bodies are _____, _____-soluble compounds produced by the ______ from fatty
acid fragments. - answeracidic
water
liver
Ketone bodies help slow _____ tissue catabolism, so _____ tissue wasting slows but
______ through prolonged ______/_______. - answerlean
lean
continues
fasting
starvation
During fasting:
Liver and muscle glycogen stores -> ____ -> ______
Body fat stores -> _____ -> ______
