, TESTBANK FOR Cognitive Psychology 6th Edition Goldstein
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Chapter 01 - Introduction to Cognitive Psychology
1. Attention, perception, and memory are different mental processes in which the mind engages. These are called
a. models.
b. cognition.
c. reaction times.
d. savings.
ANSWER: b
2. The branch of psychology concerned with the scientific study of the mind is called
a. cognitive psychology.
b. introspection.
c. behaviorism.
d. memory consolidation.
ANSWER: a
3. Donders’s primary objective in carrying out his choice reaction time experiment was to investigate
a. sensation.
b. childhood attachment styles.
c. decision making.
d. personality development.
ANSWER: c
4. Donders interpreted the difference in reaction time between the simple and choice conditions of his experiment as
signifying how the test subject
a. perceived the stimulus.
b. processed the stimulus.
c. attended to the stimulus.
d. decided about the stimulus.
ANSWER: d
5. The objective of the Donders’s reaction time experiments was to
a. show that reaction times can be measured accurately.
b. measure the amount of time it takes to make a decision.
c. determine differences in how people react to stimuli.
d. show that cognitions are often based on unconscious inferences.
ANSWER: b
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,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - Introduction to Cognitive Psychology
6. When participants were asked to press a button upon presentation of a light in Donders’s experiment, they were
engaged in a
a. sensory memory task.
b. simple reaction time task.
c. choice reaction time task.
d. classical conditioning task.
ANSWER: b
7. When measuring reaction time, which of the following describes the onset of the stimulus?
a. Sensation
b. Transduction
c. Change in intensity
d. Presentation
ANSWER: d
8. In Donders’s experiment on decision making, when participants were asked to press one button if the light on the left
was illuminated and another button if the light on the right was illuminated, they were engaged in which type of task?
a. Memory recall
b. Simple reaction time
c. Choice reaction time
d. Problem-solving
ANSWER: c
9. “If you put your mind to it, I’m sure you can solve that math problem.” In this statement, the mind is
a. involved in memory.
b. a problem-solver.
c. used to make decisions or consider possibilities.
d. a valuable tool that should be used.
ANSWER: b
10. In Donders’s research on human decision making, he found that the time it took to decide which of two buttons to
push in response to a stimulus was
a. less than one second.
b. between one and two seconds.
c. two to five seconds.
d. more than five seconds.
ANSWER: a
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,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - Introduction to Cognitive Psychology
11. Early experiments in cognitive psychology were based on the idea that mental responses can be
a. measured directly.
b. inferred from the participant’s behavior.
c. measured by comparing the presentation of the stimulus and the participant’s response.
d. measured by comparing responses among different participants.
ANSWER: b
12. Which topics would a cognitive psychologist most likely investigate?
a. How personality affects behavior at a party
b. Reaction time
c. How the presence of others increases the likelihood of helping
d. How babies change in height and weight through the first year of life
ANSWER: b
13. How is the term mind used in this statement: “When he talks about his encounter with aliens, it sounds like he is
out of his mind”?
a. The mind is involved in memory
b. The mind as a problem solver
c. The mind is associated with atypical functioning
d. The mind is valuable, something that should be used
ANSWER: c
14. According to Ebbinghaus’s memory research, savings is a function of
a. word familiarity.
b. sensory modality.
c. elapsed time.
d. reaction time.
ANSWER: c
15. Why were Ebbinghaus’s experiments significant?
a. He described complex decision-making.
b. He plotted functions that described the operation of the mind.
c. He was the first scientist to combine basic elements of experience called sensations.
d. He demonstrated how positive reinforcers strengthen memory.
ANSWER: b
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,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - Introduction to Cognitive Psychology
16. The mind is a system that creates representations of the world so we can act within it to achieve our goals.
Which elements of the mind does this definition emphasize?
a. Functioning and survival
b. Attention and cognition
c. Routine and functioning
d. Cognition and behavior
ANSWER: a
17. Which of the following aligns with how cognitive psychology defines the mind?
a. The mind creates and controls mental processes such as language and emotions.
b. The mind is designed explicitly for every function it performs.
c. The mind is a problem solver only when in the presence of others.
d. We can consider the mind extraordinary only if it is used for exceptional purposes.
ANSWER: a
18. Which of the following methods was used in the psychology laboratory established by Wilhelm Wundt?
a. Analytic introspection
b. Measuring reaction times
c. Forgetting time and savings
d. Classical conditioning
ANSWER: a
19. Wundt’s procedure, where participants describe their experiences and thought processes in response to stimuli
presented under controlled conditions, is known as
a. information processing.
b. analytic introspection.
c. functional analysis.
d. behavioral analysis.
ANSWER: b
20. The study of mental processes that includes determining the characteristics, properties, and operation of the mind is
a. psychology.
b. cognitive psychology.
c. sociology.
d. psychopathology.
ANSWER: b
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,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - Introduction to Cognitive Psychology
21. Which of the following is a criticism of analytic introspection?
a. It infers mental processes based on objective data.
b. It produces results that are too easy to verify.
c. It produces variable results from person to person.
d. It requires no training.
ANSWER: c
22. John Watson believed that psychology should focus on the study of
a. observable behavior.
b. mental processes.
c. consciousness.
d. attention.
ANSWER: a
23. Who founded the first laboratory of scientific psychology at the University of Leipzig in Germany?
a. Erik Erikson
b. Sigmund Freud
c. Wilhelm Wundt
d. Ivan Pavlov
ANSWER: c
24. The “Little Albert” study involving the presentation of a rat and a loud noise demonstrated which process?
a. Reaction time
b. Unconscious inference
c. Classical conditioning
d. Operant conditioning
ANSWER: c
25. Behaviorists believe that the frequency of behavior increased through the use of
a. positive reinforcers.
b. discriminative stimuli.
c. backward conditioning.
d. inhibitory neurotransmitters.
ANSWER: a
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,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - Introduction to Cognitive Psychology
26. Which of the following psychologists is known for research on operant conditioning?
a. Franciscus Donders
b. Wilhelm Wundt
c. Ivan Pavlov
d. B. F. Skinner
ANSWER: d
27. The investigation of how behavior is strengthened by presentation of positive reinforcers (e.g., food) or withdrawal
of negative reinforcers (e.g., shock) is best known as
a. classical conditioning.
b. the method of savings.
c. choice reaction time.
d. operant conditioning.
ANSWER: d
28. Which psychologist developed the concept of the cognitive map?
a. Raynor
b. Sanders
c. James
d. Tolman
ANSWER: d
29. A mental layout of physical space is known as
a. a cognitive map.
b. a mental model.
c. artificial intelligence.
d. memory consolidation.
ANSWER: a
30. Regarding children’s language development, Noam Chomsky noted that children generate many sentences they have
never heard before. From this, he concluded that language development is driven largely by
a. an inborn biological program.
b. cultural influences.
c. classical conditioning.
d. operant conditioning.
ANSWER: a
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,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - Introduction to Cognitive Psychology
31. Which scientist would claim that children’s language development was caused by imitation and reinforcement?
a. Noam Chomsky
b. John Watson
c. Keller Breland
d. B. F. Skinner
ANSWER: d
32. Which of the following events is closely associated with a resurgence in interest in psychology?
a. Watson’s “Little Albert” experiment
b. Skinner’s publication of the book, Verbal Behavior
c. Development of the technique of analytic introspection
d. Tolman’s proposal of cognitive maps
ANSWER: b
33. Which characterizes the information processing (IP) approach to understanding cognition?
a. IP depicts the mind as processing information in a sequence of stages.
b. IP emphasizes actions and consequences in determining cognitive processes.
c. IP involves the use of library bookshelves as a metaphor to understand human cognition.
d. IP traces the sequence of physical operations involved in cognition.
ANSWER: a
34. The cognitive revolution occurred parallel to and in conjunction with which of the following?
a. Cognitive psychology texts
b. Analytic introspection
c. Skinner boxes
d. Computers
ANSWER: d
35. Wundt’s approach was known as
a. structuralism.
b. analytic introspection.
c. sensations.
d. cognitive psychology.
ANSWER: a
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, Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - Introduction to Cognitive Psychology
36. Colin Cherry’s experiment, in which participants listen to two messages simultaneously, one in each ear,
demonstrated that
a. people have trouble focusing on one message while ignoring the other one.
b. people can only focus on the message they were told to ignore.
c. people remember everything about the ignored message.
d. people are aware of the ignored message but can focus on only one message when directed.
ANSWER: d
37. Donald Broadbent developed which of the following?
a. A flow diagram depicting the mind as processing information in a sequence of stages
b. A computer program for solving logic problems
c. An experimental procedure for studying the way people process information
d. The first textbook of cognitive psychology
ANSWER: a
38. Who introduced the flow diagram to represent mental processes?
a. Donald Broadbent
b. Colin Cherry
c. Newell and Simon
d. Wilhelm Wundt
ANSWER: a
39. Research requires trained participants to describe their experiences and thought processes in response to stimuli.
This investigation applies the technique of
a. positive reinforcement.
b. analytic introspection.
c. savings to measure forgetting.
d. simple reaction time.
ANSWER: b
40. Why did Watson reject analytic introspection?
a. When the results were interpreted, they were according to operant conditioning.
b. When the results were interpreted, they were in terms of invisible inner mental processes.
c. When the results were interpreted, they were the same for most people.
d. When the results were interpreted, they were easy to verify objectively.
ANSWER: b
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Important Notes
The file includes the complete test bank, organized chapter by chapter.
A sample of selected pages has been provided for preview.
All available appendices and Excel files (if included in the original resources) are
provided.
We continuously update our files to ensure you receive the latest and most accurate
editions.
New editions are added regularly – stay connected for updates!
✅ Why Buy From Us?
📚 Complete & organized chapter-by-chapter – no missing content, no guessing.
⚡ Instant digital delivery – get your file the moment you pay, no waiting.
📅 Always up to date – we track new editions so you always get the latest version.
💬 Friendly support – real humans ready to help, anytime you need us.
🔒 Safe & secure – thousands of satisfied students trust us every semester.
🛡️Our Guarantees
💰 Money-Back Guarantee: Not satisfied? We offer a full refund – no questions asked.
🔄 Wrong File? No Problem: Contact us and we will replace it immediately with the
correct version, free of charge.
⏰ 24/7 Support: We are always here – reach out anytime and expect a fast response.
Contact Email:
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - Introduction to Cognitive Psychology
1. Attention, perception, and memory are different mental processes in which the mind engages. These are called
a. models.
b. cognition.
c. reaction times.
d. savings.
ANSWER: b
2. The branch of psychology concerned with the scientific study of the mind is called
a. cognitive psychology.
b. introspection.
c. behaviorism.
d. memory consolidation.
ANSWER: a
3. Donders’s primary objective in carrying out his choice reaction time experiment was to investigate
a. sensation.
b. childhood attachment styles.
c. decision making.
d. personality development.
ANSWER: c
4. Donders interpreted the difference in reaction time between the simple and choice conditions of his experiment as
signifying how the test subject
a. perceived the stimulus.
b. processed the stimulus.
c. attended to the stimulus.
d. decided about the stimulus.
ANSWER: d
5. The objective of the Donders’s reaction time experiments was to
a. show that reaction times can be measured accurately.
b. measure the amount of time it takes to make a decision.
c. determine differences in how people react to stimuli.
d. show that cognitions are often based on unconscious inferences.
ANSWER: b
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 1
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - Introduction to Cognitive Psychology
6. When participants were asked to press a button upon presentation of a light in Donders’s experiment, they were
engaged in a
a. sensory memory task.
b. simple reaction time task.
c. choice reaction time task.
d. classical conditioning task.
ANSWER: b
7. When measuring reaction time, which of the following describes the onset of the stimulus?
a. Sensation
b. Transduction
c. Change in intensity
d. Presentation
ANSWER: d
8. In Donders’s experiment on decision making, when participants were asked to press one button if the light on the left
was illuminated and another button if the light on the right was illuminated, they were engaged in which type of task?
a. Memory recall
b. Simple reaction time
c. Choice reaction time
d. Problem-solving
ANSWER: c
9. “If you put your mind to it, I’m sure you can solve that math problem.” In this statement, the mind is
a. involved in memory.
b. a problem-solver.
c. used to make decisions or consider possibilities.
d. a valuable tool that should be used.
ANSWER: b
10. In Donders’s research on human decision making, he found that the time it took to decide which of two buttons to
push in response to a stimulus was
a. less than one second.
b. between one and two seconds.
c. two to five seconds.
d. more than five seconds.
ANSWER: a
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 2
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - Introduction to Cognitive Psychology
11. Early experiments in cognitive psychology were based on the idea that mental responses can be
a. measured directly.
b. inferred from the participant’s behavior.
c. measured by comparing the presentation of the stimulus and the participant’s response.
d. measured by comparing responses among different participants.
ANSWER: b
12. Which topics would a cognitive psychologist most likely investigate?
a. How personality affects behavior at a party
b. Reaction time
c. How the presence of others increases the likelihood of helping
d. How babies change in height and weight through the first year of life
ANSWER: b
13. How is the term mind used in this statement: “When he talks about his encounter with aliens, it sounds like he is
out of his mind”?
a. The mind is involved in memory
b. The mind as a problem solver
c. The mind is associated with atypical functioning
d. The mind is valuable, something that should be used
ANSWER: c
14. According to Ebbinghaus’s memory research, savings is a function of
a. word familiarity.
b. sensory modality.
c. elapsed time.
d. reaction time.
ANSWER: c
15. Why were Ebbinghaus’s experiments significant?
a. He described complex decision-making.
b. He plotted functions that described the operation of the mind.
c. He was the first scientist to combine basic elements of experience called sensations.
d. He demonstrated how positive reinforcers strengthen memory.
ANSWER: b
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,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - Introduction to Cognitive Psychology
16. The mind is a system that creates representations of the world so we can act within it to achieve our goals.
Which elements of the mind does this definition emphasize?
a. Functioning and survival
b. Attention and cognition
c. Routine and functioning
d. Cognition and behavior
ANSWER: a
17. Which of the following aligns with how cognitive psychology defines the mind?
a. The mind creates and controls mental processes such as language and emotions.
b. The mind is designed explicitly for every function it performs.
c. The mind is a problem solver only when in the presence of others.
d. We can consider the mind extraordinary only if it is used for exceptional purposes.
ANSWER: a
18. Which of the following methods was used in the psychology laboratory established by Wilhelm Wundt?
a. Analytic introspection
b. Measuring reaction times
c. Forgetting time and savings
d. Classical conditioning
ANSWER: a
19. Wundt’s procedure, where participants describe their experiences and thought processes in response to stimuli
presented under controlled conditions, is known as
a. information processing.
b. analytic introspection.
c. functional analysis.
d. behavioral analysis.
ANSWER: b
20. The study of mental processes that includes determining the characteristics, properties, and operation of the mind is
a. psychology.
b. cognitive psychology.
c. sociology.
d. psychopathology.
ANSWER: b
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,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - Introduction to Cognitive Psychology
21. Which of the following is a criticism of analytic introspection?
a. It infers mental processes based on objective data.
b. It produces results that are too easy to verify.
c. It produces variable results from person to person.
d. It requires no training.
ANSWER: c
22. John Watson believed that psychology should focus on the study of
a. observable behavior.
b. mental processes.
c. consciousness.
d. attention.
ANSWER: a
23. Who founded the first laboratory of scientific psychology at the University of Leipzig in Germany?
a. Erik Erikson
b. Sigmund Freud
c. Wilhelm Wundt
d. Ivan Pavlov
ANSWER: c
24. The “Little Albert” study involving the presentation of a rat and a loud noise demonstrated which process?
a. Reaction time
b. Unconscious inference
c. Classical conditioning
d. Operant conditioning
ANSWER: c
25. Behaviorists believe that the frequency of behavior increased through the use of
a. positive reinforcers.
b. discriminative stimuli.
c. backward conditioning.
d. inhibitory neurotransmitters.
ANSWER: a
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,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - Introduction to Cognitive Psychology
26. Which of the following psychologists is known for research on operant conditioning?
a. Franciscus Donders
b. Wilhelm Wundt
c. Ivan Pavlov
d. B. F. Skinner
ANSWER: d
27. The investigation of how behavior is strengthened by presentation of positive reinforcers (e.g., food) or withdrawal
of negative reinforcers (e.g., shock) is best known as
a. classical conditioning.
b. the method of savings.
c. choice reaction time.
d. operant conditioning.
ANSWER: d
28. Which psychologist developed the concept of the cognitive map?
a. Raynor
b. Sanders
c. James
d. Tolman
ANSWER: d
29. A mental layout of physical space is known as
a. a cognitive map.
b. a mental model.
c. artificial intelligence.
d. memory consolidation.
ANSWER: a
30. Regarding children’s language development, Noam Chomsky noted that children generate many sentences they have
never heard before. From this, he concluded that language development is driven largely by
a. an inborn biological program.
b. cultural influences.
c. classical conditioning.
d. operant conditioning.
ANSWER: a
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,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - Introduction to Cognitive Psychology
31. Which scientist would claim that children’s language development was caused by imitation and reinforcement?
a. Noam Chomsky
b. John Watson
c. Keller Breland
d. B. F. Skinner
ANSWER: d
32. Which of the following events is closely associated with a resurgence in interest in psychology?
a. Watson’s “Little Albert” experiment
b. Skinner’s publication of the book, Verbal Behavior
c. Development of the technique of analytic introspection
d. Tolman’s proposal of cognitive maps
ANSWER: b
33. Which characterizes the information processing (IP) approach to understanding cognition?
a. IP depicts the mind as processing information in a sequence of stages.
b. IP emphasizes actions and consequences in determining cognitive processes.
c. IP involves the use of library bookshelves as a metaphor to understand human cognition.
d. IP traces the sequence of physical operations involved in cognition.
ANSWER: a
34. The cognitive revolution occurred parallel to and in conjunction with which of the following?
a. Cognitive psychology texts
b. Analytic introspection
c. Skinner boxes
d. Computers
ANSWER: d
35. Wundt’s approach was known as
a. structuralism.
b. analytic introspection.
c. sensations.
d. cognitive psychology.
ANSWER: a
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, Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - Introduction to Cognitive Psychology
36. Colin Cherry’s experiment, in which participants listen to two messages simultaneously, one in each ear,
demonstrated that
a. people have trouble focusing on one message while ignoring the other one.
b. people can only focus on the message they were told to ignore.
c. people remember everything about the ignored message.
d. people are aware of the ignored message but can focus on only one message when directed.
ANSWER: d
37. Donald Broadbent developed which of the following?
a. A flow diagram depicting the mind as processing information in a sequence of stages
b. A computer program for solving logic problems
c. An experimental procedure for studying the way people process information
d. The first textbook of cognitive psychology
ANSWER: a
38. Who introduced the flow diagram to represent mental processes?
a. Donald Broadbent
b. Colin Cherry
c. Newell and Simon
d. Wilhelm Wundt
ANSWER: a
39. Research requires trained participants to describe their experiences and thought processes in response to stimuli.
This investigation applies the technique of
a. positive reinforcement.
b. analytic introspection.
c. savings to measure forgetting.
d. simple reaction time.
ANSWER: b
40. Why did Watson reject analytic introspection?
a. When the results were interpreted, they were according to operant conditioning.
b. When the results were interpreted, they were in terms of invisible inner mental processes.
c. When the results were interpreted, they were the same for most people.
d. When the results were interpreted, they were easy to verify objectively.
ANSWER: b
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