NSC Chapter 16
Cerebral commissures - answer connect the two halves of the brain
lateralization of function - answer the unequal representation of various psychological
functions in the two hemispheres of the brain
split brain patients - answer corpus collosum is severed, two hemispheres of the brain
don't communicate as effectively
commissurotomy - answer Surgical severing of the cerebral commissures
aphasia - answerimpairment of language, usually caused by left hemisphere damage
either to Broca's area (impairing speaking) or to Wernicke's area (impairing
understanding).
Broca's area - answercontrols language expression - an area, usually in the left frontal
lobe, that directs the muscle movements involved in speech.
Apraxia - answerimpaired ability to carry out motor activities despite intact motor
function
-bilateral
theory of cerebral dominance - answerone hemisphere is more dominant than the other
minor one
sodium amytal test - answera test involving the anesthetization of first one cerebral
hemisphere and then the other to determine which hemisphere plays the dominant role
in language
dichotic listening test - answera test of language lateralization in which two different
sequences of three spoken digits are presented simultaneously, one to each ear, and
the subject is asked to report all of the digits heard
frontal cortex - answerBoth of Broca's patients had a left-hemisphere lesion that
involved an area in the
anesthetizes the hemisphere on that side for a few minutes - answerThe sodium amytal
test involves the injection of a small amount of sodium amytal into the carotid artery on
one side of the neck. This injection
lateralized to the left hemisphere - answerDuring one trial of the dichotic listening test,
"5," "9," and "6" were presented to the right ear, and "2," "4," and "7" were presented to
, the left ear. The patient reported hearing "5," "9," "6," and "2." His response suggested
that the neural regulation of his language abilities were
dextrals; sinestrals - answerThe left hemisphere is dominant for language-related
abilities in almost all _____________ and in the majority of ____________
male; female - answerMcGlone reported that ____________ victims of unilateral
strokes were three times more likely to suffer from aphasia than ____________ victims
corpus callosum - answerthe large band of neural fibers connecting the two brain
hemispheres and carrying messages between them
Myers and Sperry - answerWho discovered that the corpus callosum is essential for
integrating the cognitive experiences (e.g. learning) mediated by each hemisphere in
1952 with a series of cat experiments?
scotoma - answercutting of the optic chiasm produced a
cross-cuing - answerNonneural communication between hemispheres that have been
separated by commissurotomy
helping-hand phenomenon - answerthe redirection of one hand of a split-brain patient
by the other hand
visual completion - answerThe completion or filling in of a scotoma by the brain
chimeric figures test - answera test of visual completion in split-brain subjects that uses
pictures composed of the left and right halves of two different faces
Z lens - answera contact lens that is opaque on one side (left or right) and thus allows
visual input to enter only one hemisphere of a split-brain subject, irrespective of eye
movement
optic chiasm; corpus callosum - answerBecause there are two routes by which visual
information can cross from one eye to the contralateral hemisphere, Myers and Sperry
transected both the ____________ and the _______________ of each cat in their key
experimental group.
two independent brains; unequal - answerLike split-brain laboratory animals, human
split-brain patients seem to have __________________. But unlike the hemispheres of
split-brain laboratory animals, the hemispheres of split-brain patients are
______________ in their ability to perform certain tasks.
brain stem; cross-cuing - answerAlthough the two hemispheres of a split-brain patient
have no means of direct neural communication, they can communicate neurally via
Cerebral commissures - answer connect the two halves of the brain
lateralization of function - answer the unequal representation of various psychological
functions in the two hemispheres of the brain
split brain patients - answer corpus collosum is severed, two hemispheres of the brain
don't communicate as effectively
commissurotomy - answer Surgical severing of the cerebral commissures
aphasia - answerimpairment of language, usually caused by left hemisphere damage
either to Broca's area (impairing speaking) or to Wernicke's area (impairing
understanding).
Broca's area - answercontrols language expression - an area, usually in the left frontal
lobe, that directs the muscle movements involved in speech.
Apraxia - answerimpaired ability to carry out motor activities despite intact motor
function
-bilateral
theory of cerebral dominance - answerone hemisphere is more dominant than the other
minor one
sodium amytal test - answera test involving the anesthetization of first one cerebral
hemisphere and then the other to determine which hemisphere plays the dominant role
in language
dichotic listening test - answera test of language lateralization in which two different
sequences of three spoken digits are presented simultaneously, one to each ear, and
the subject is asked to report all of the digits heard
frontal cortex - answerBoth of Broca's patients had a left-hemisphere lesion that
involved an area in the
anesthetizes the hemisphere on that side for a few minutes - answerThe sodium amytal
test involves the injection of a small amount of sodium amytal into the carotid artery on
one side of the neck. This injection
lateralized to the left hemisphere - answerDuring one trial of the dichotic listening test,
"5," "9," and "6" were presented to the right ear, and "2," "4," and "7" were presented to
, the left ear. The patient reported hearing "5," "9," "6," and "2." His response suggested
that the neural regulation of his language abilities were
dextrals; sinestrals - answerThe left hemisphere is dominant for language-related
abilities in almost all _____________ and in the majority of ____________
male; female - answerMcGlone reported that ____________ victims of unilateral
strokes were three times more likely to suffer from aphasia than ____________ victims
corpus callosum - answerthe large band of neural fibers connecting the two brain
hemispheres and carrying messages between them
Myers and Sperry - answerWho discovered that the corpus callosum is essential for
integrating the cognitive experiences (e.g. learning) mediated by each hemisphere in
1952 with a series of cat experiments?
scotoma - answercutting of the optic chiasm produced a
cross-cuing - answerNonneural communication between hemispheres that have been
separated by commissurotomy
helping-hand phenomenon - answerthe redirection of one hand of a split-brain patient
by the other hand
visual completion - answerThe completion or filling in of a scotoma by the brain
chimeric figures test - answera test of visual completion in split-brain subjects that uses
pictures composed of the left and right halves of two different faces
Z lens - answera contact lens that is opaque on one side (left or right) and thus allows
visual input to enter only one hemisphere of a split-brain subject, irrespective of eye
movement
optic chiasm; corpus callosum - answerBecause there are two routes by which visual
information can cross from one eye to the contralateral hemisphere, Myers and Sperry
transected both the ____________ and the _______________ of each cat in their key
experimental group.
two independent brains; unequal - answerLike split-brain laboratory animals, human
split-brain patients seem to have __________________. But unlike the hemispheres of
split-brain laboratory animals, the hemispheres of split-brain patients are
______________ in their ability to perform certain tasks.
brain stem; cross-cuing - answerAlthough the two hemispheres of a split-brain patient
have no means of direct neural communication, they can communicate neurally via
