HCR 240 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 2 | QUESTIONS & ANSWERS | 2026 LATEST
UPDATED| GET A+
1. first step of bone hematoma formation, clot, fibrin, platelets form framework healing
2. second step of procallus, new bone but soft, fibroblasts and osteoblasts make bone healing
3. third step of callus, procallus hardened by p ca, too hard bone healing
4. fourth step of replacement, callus replaced with lamellar/trabecular bone healing
5. fifth step of bone remodeling, back to original state healing
6. fracture break in bone from force
7. open fracture break in skin
8. closed fracture no break in skin
,9. complete frac- bone in 2 distinct pieces ture
10. incomplete frac- bone in one piece ture
11. displaced frac- 2 pieces not lined up ture
12. comminuted more than 2 pieces fracture
13. transverse frac- occurs straight across the bone ture
14. linear fracture straight up and down
15. oblique fracture diagonal break across the bone
16. spiral fracture bone has been twisted apart
17. stress fracture due to repeated forces
, 18. reduction realignment of open or closed fractures, pulse and sensation
19. traction closed external fracture with weights, preop
20. problems with healing incorrectly, injury to blood vessels and nerves, nonunion, delayed union,
fracture healing malunion
21. strain injury or tear to tendon (m-b)
22. sprain injury or tear to ligament (b-b)
23. Rhabdomyolysis striated muscle dead, caused by prolonged falls, pressure from floor cant get o2 cause
so die and release myoglobin, travels in blood and ends up in kidneys causing acute kidney injury
24. Rhabdomyolysis pain, weakness, dark red urine without rbc signs
25. osteoporosis porous bone, decreased bone strength increased fractures, diseased state when causes
density becomes too low, caused by lack of estrogen/testosterone (bone build-
ing), decreased activity, lack of vitamin d and calcium, medications (steroids catabolic)
UPDATED| GET A+
1. first step of bone hematoma formation, clot, fibrin, platelets form framework healing
2. second step of procallus, new bone but soft, fibroblasts and osteoblasts make bone healing
3. third step of callus, procallus hardened by p ca, too hard bone healing
4. fourth step of replacement, callus replaced with lamellar/trabecular bone healing
5. fifth step of bone remodeling, back to original state healing
6. fracture break in bone from force
7. open fracture break in skin
8. closed fracture no break in skin
,9. complete frac- bone in 2 distinct pieces ture
10. incomplete frac- bone in one piece ture
11. displaced frac- 2 pieces not lined up ture
12. comminuted more than 2 pieces fracture
13. transverse frac- occurs straight across the bone ture
14. linear fracture straight up and down
15. oblique fracture diagonal break across the bone
16. spiral fracture bone has been twisted apart
17. stress fracture due to repeated forces
, 18. reduction realignment of open or closed fractures, pulse and sensation
19. traction closed external fracture with weights, preop
20. problems with healing incorrectly, injury to blood vessels and nerves, nonunion, delayed union,
fracture healing malunion
21. strain injury or tear to tendon (m-b)
22. sprain injury or tear to ligament (b-b)
23. Rhabdomyolysis striated muscle dead, caused by prolonged falls, pressure from floor cant get o2 cause
so die and release myoglobin, travels in blood and ends up in kidneys causing acute kidney injury
24. Rhabdomyolysis pain, weakness, dark red urine without rbc signs
25. osteoporosis porous bone, decreased bone strength increased fractures, diseased state when causes
density becomes too low, caused by lack of estrogen/testosterone (bone build-
ing), decreased activity, lack of vitamin d and calcium, medications (steroids catabolic)
