BRS Gross Anatomy Review Questions With
Correct Answers
A 63-year-old man comes to the emergency department with back pain,
| | | | | | | | | | |
weakness, and shortness of breath. On examination, he has an aneurysm of the
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
abdominal aorta at the aortic hiatus of the diaphragm. Which of the following
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
pairs of structures would most likely be compressed?
| | | | | | |
(A) Vagus nerve and azygos vein
| | | | |
(B) Esophagus and vagus nerve
| | | |
(C) Azygos vein and thoracic duct
| | | | |
(D) Thoracic duct and vagus nerve
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(E) Inferior vena cava (IVC) and phrenic nerve - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-(C) Azygos
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vein and thoracic duct
| | |
A 36-year-old woman with yellow pigmentation of the skin and sclerae presents
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at the outpatient clinic. Which of the following conditions most likely is the cause
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
of her obstructive jaundice?
| | |
(A) Aneurysm of the splenic artery
| | | | |
(B) Perforated ulcer of the stomach
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(C) Obstruction of the main pancreatic duct
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(D) Cancer in the head of the pancreas
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,(E) Cancer in the body of the pancreas - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-(D) Cancer in the
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head of the pancreas
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A 2-year-old boy presents with pain in his groin that has been increasing in nature
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
over the past few weeks. He is found to have a degenerative malformation of the
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
transversalis fascia during development. Which of the following structures on the
| | | | | | | | | | |
anterior abdominal wall is likely defective?
| | | | | |
(A) Superficial inguinal ring
| | |
(B) Deep inguinal ring
| | |
(C) Inguinal ligament
| |
(D) Sac of a direct inguinal hernia
| | | | | |
(E) Anterior wall of the inguinal canal - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-(B) Deep inguinal
| | | | | | | | | | | |
ring
A 29-year-old man comes to a local hospital with duodenal peptic ulcer and
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
complains of cramping epigastric pain. Which of the following structures harbors
| | | | | | | | | | |
the cell bodies of abdominal pain fibers?
| | | | | |
(A) Lateral horn of the spinal cord
| | | | | | |
(B) Anterior horn of the spinal cord
| | | | | | |
(C) Dorsal root ganglion
| | |
(D) Sympathetic chain ganglion
| | |
(E) Celiac ganglion - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-(C) Dorsal root ganglion
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, A 42-year-old obese woman with seven children is brought to a local hospital by
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
her daughter. Physical examination and her radiograph reveal that large gallstones
| | | | | | | | | |
have ulcerated through the posterior wall of the fundus of the gallbladder into
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
the intestine. Which of the following parts of the intestine is most likely to initially
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
contain gallstones?
| |
(A) Cecum
|
(B) Ascending colon
| | |
(C) Transverse colon
| | |
(D) Descending colon
| | |
(E) Sigmoid colon - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-(C) Transverse colon
| | | | | | |
A 35-year-old woman comes to a local hospital with abdominal tenderness and
| | | | | | | | | | | |
acute pain. On examination, her physician observes that an abdominal infection
| | | | | | | | | | |
has spread retroperitoneally. Which of the following structures is most likely
| | | | | | | | | | |
affected?
(A) Stomach
|
(B) Transverse colon
| | |
(C) Jejunum
|
(D) Descending colon
| | |
(E) Spleen - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-(D) Descending colon
| | | | | |
During an annual health examination of a 46-year-old woman, a physician finds
| | | | | | | | | | | |
hypersecretion of norepinephrine from her suprarenal medulla. Which of the
| | | | | | | | | |
following types of nerve fibers are most likely overstimulated?
| | | | | | | |
Correct Answers
A 63-year-old man comes to the emergency department with back pain,
| | | | | | | | | | |
weakness, and shortness of breath. On examination, he has an aneurysm of the
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
abdominal aorta at the aortic hiatus of the diaphragm. Which of the following
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
pairs of structures would most likely be compressed?
| | | | | | |
(A) Vagus nerve and azygos vein
| | | | |
(B) Esophagus and vagus nerve
| | | |
(C) Azygos vein and thoracic duct
| | | | |
(D) Thoracic duct and vagus nerve
| | | | |
(E) Inferior vena cava (IVC) and phrenic nerve - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-(C) Azygos
| | | | | | | | | | | |
vein and thoracic duct
| | |
A 36-year-old woman with yellow pigmentation of the skin and sclerae presents
| | | | | | | | | | | |
at the outpatient clinic. Which of the following conditions most likely is the cause
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
of her obstructive jaundice?
| | |
(A) Aneurysm of the splenic artery
| | | | |
(B) Perforated ulcer of the stomach
| | | | |
(C) Obstruction of the main pancreatic duct
| | | | | |
(D) Cancer in the head of the pancreas
| | | | | | |
,(E) Cancer in the body of the pancreas - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-(D) Cancer in the
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
head of the pancreas
| | |
A 2-year-old boy presents with pain in his groin that has been increasing in nature
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
over the past few weeks. He is found to have a degenerative malformation of the
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
transversalis fascia during development. Which of the following structures on the
| | | | | | | | | | |
anterior abdominal wall is likely defective?
| | | | | |
(A) Superficial inguinal ring
| | |
(B) Deep inguinal ring
| | |
(C) Inguinal ligament
| |
(D) Sac of a direct inguinal hernia
| | | | | |
(E) Anterior wall of the inguinal canal - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-(B) Deep inguinal
| | | | | | | | | | | |
ring
A 29-year-old man comes to a local hospital with duodenal peptic ulcer and
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
complains of cramping epigastric pain. Which of the following structures harbors
| | | | | | | | | | |
the cell bodies of abdominal pain fibers?
| | | | | |
(A) Lateral horn of the spinal cord
| | | | | | |
(B) Anterior horn of the spinal cord
| | | | | | |
(C) Dorsal root ganglion
| | |
(D) Sympathetic chain ganglion
| | |
(E) Celiac ganglion - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-(C) Dorsal root ganglion
| | | | | | | |
, A 42-year-old obese woman with seven children is brought to a local hospital by
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
her daughter. Physical examination and her radiograph reveal that large gallstones
| | | | | | | | | |
have ulcerated through the posterior wall of the fundus of the gallbladder into
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
the intestine. Which of the following parts of the intestine is most likely to initially
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
contain gallstones?
| |
(A) Cecum
|
(B) Ascending colon
| | |
(C) Transverse colon
| | |
(D) Descending colon
| | |
(E) Sigmoid colon - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-(C) Transverse colon
| | | | | | |
A 35-year-old woman comes to a local hospital with abdominal tenderness and
| | | | | | | | | | | |
acute pain. On examination, her physician observes that an abdominal infection
| | | | | | | | | | |
has spread retroperitoneally. Which of the following structures is most likely
| | | | | | | | | | |
affected?
(A) Stomach
|
(B) Transverse colon
| | |
(C) Jejunum
|
(D) Descending colon
| | |
(E) Spleen - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-(D) Descending colon
| | | | | |
During an annual health examination of a 46-year-old woman, a physician finds
| | | | | | | | | | | |
hypersecretion of norepinephrine from her suprarenal medulla. Which of the
| | | | | | | | | |
following types of nerve fibers are most likely overstimulated?
| | | | | | | |
