BRS Gross Anatomy-Chapter 2 Exam
Questions With Correct Answers
During an outbreak of meningitis at a local college, a 20-year-old student presents
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to a hospital emergency department complaining of headache, fever, chills, and
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stiff neck. On examination, it appears that he may have
| | | | | | | | | |
|meningitis and needs a lumbar puncture or a spinal tap. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
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|is normally withdrawn from which of the following spaces? (A) Epidural space (B)
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Subdural space (C) Space between the spinal cord and the pia mater (D)
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Subarachnoid space (E) Space between the arachnoid and dura maters - CORRECT| | | | | | | | | | |
|ANSWER✔✔-The Answer is D. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is found in the | | | | | | | | | | |
subarachnoid space, which is a wide interval between the arachnoid layer and the
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|pia mater. The epidural space contains the internal vertebral venous plexus and
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epidural fat. The subdural space between the arachnoid and the dura contains a
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little fluid to moisten the meningeal surface. The pia mater closely covers the
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
spinal cord and enmeshes blood vessels on the surfaces of the spinal cord. Thus,
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the space between the spinal cord and the pia is a potential space.
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A 23-year-old jockey falls from her horse and complains of headache, backache,
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and weakness. Radiologic examination would reveal blood in which of the
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following spaces if the | | | |
|internal vertebral venous plexus was ruptured? (A) Space deep to the pia mater
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(B) Space between the arachnoid and dura maters (C) Subdural space (D) Epidural
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|space (E) Subarachnoid space - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The Answer is D. The
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space between the vertebral canal and the dura mater is the epidural space,
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which contains the internal vertebral venous plexus. The spinal cord and blood
| | | | | | | | | | | |
vessels lie deep to the pia mater. The space between the arachnoid and dura
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
, maters is the subdural space, which contains a film of fluid. The subarachnoid
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
space contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
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A 42-year-old woman with metastatic breast cancer is known to have tumors in
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the intervertebral foramina between the fourth and fifth cervical vertebrae and
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between the fourth and fifth thoracic vertebrae. Which of the following spinal
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nerves may be damaged? (A) Fourth cervical and fourth thoracic nerves (B) Fifth
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cervical and fifth thoracic nerves (C) Fourth cervical and fifth thoracic nerves (D)
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Fifth cervical and fourth thoracic nerves (E) Third cervical and fourth thoracic
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nerves - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The Answer is D. All cervical spinal nerves exit
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through the intervertebral foramina above the corresponding vertebrae, except
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the eighth cervical nerves, which run inferior to the seventh cervical vertebra. All
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other spinal nerves exit the intervertebral foramina below the corresponding
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vertebrae. Therefore, the fifth cervical nerve passes between the fourth and fifth
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cervical vertebrae, and the fourth thoracic nerve runs between the fourth and
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fifth thoracic vertebrae.
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4. A 39-year-old woman with headaches presents to her primary care physician
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with a possible herniated disk. Her magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan
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reveals that the posterolateral protrusion of the intervertebral disk between L4
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and L5 vertebrae would most likely affect nerve roots of which of the following
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|spinal nerves? (A) Third lumbar nerve (B) Fourth lumbar nerve (C) Fifth lumbar
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nerve (D) First sacral nerve (E) Second sacral nerve - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The
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Answer is C. A posterolateral herniation of the intervertebral disk at disk level L4
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to L5 | |
|affects the fifth lumbar nerve root but rarely affects the fourth lumbar nerve root
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because of a progressive descending obliquity of the fourth and fifth lumbar
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nerve roots. The first seven cervical nerves exit above the corresponding
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vertebra, and the eighth cervical nerve exits below the seventh cervical vertebra
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Questions With Correct Answers
During an outbreak of meningitis at a local college, a 20-year-old student presents
| | | | | | | | | | | |
to a hospital emergency department complaining of headache, fever, chills, and
| | | | | | | | | | | |
stiff neck. On examination, it appears that he may have
| | | | | | | | | |
|meningitis and needs a lumbar puncture or a spinal tap. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
| | | | | | | | | | | |
|is normally withdrawn from which of the following spaces? (A) Epidural space (B)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Subdural space (C) Space between the spinal cord and the pia mater (D)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Subarachnoid space (E) Space between the arachnoid and dura maters - CORRECT| | | | | | | | | | |
|ANSWER✔✔-The Answer is D. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is found in the | | | | | | | | | | |
subarachnoid space, which is a wide interval between the arachnoid layer and the
| | | | | | | | | | | |
|pia mater. The epidural space contains the internal vertebral venous plexus and
| | | | | | | | | | | |
epidural fat. The subdural space between the arachnoid and the dura contains a
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
little fluid to moisten the meningeal surface. The pia mater closely covers the
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
spinal cord and enmeshes blood vessels on the surfaces of the spinal cord. Thus,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
the space between the spinal cord and the pia is a potential space.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
A 23-year-old jockey falls from her horse and complains of headache, backache,
| | | | | | | | | | | |
and weakness. Radiologic examination would reveal blood in which of the
| | | | | | | | | | |
following spaces if the | | | |
|internal vertebral venous plexus was ruptured? (A) Space deep to the pia mater
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
(B) Space between the arachnoid and dura maters (C) Subdural space (D) Epidural
| | | | | | | | | | | |
|space (E) Subarachnoid space - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The Answer is D. The
| | | | | | | | | | |
space between the vertebral canal and the dura mater is the epidural space,
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
which contains the internal vertebral venous plexus. The spinal cord and blood
| | | | | | | | | | | |
vessels lie deep to the pia mater. The space between the arachnoid and dura
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
, maters is the subdural space, which contains a film of fluid. The subarachnoid
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
space contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
| | | |
A 42-year-old woman with metastatic breast cancer is known to have tumors in
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
the intervertebral foramina between the fourth and fifth cervical vertebrae and
| | | | | | | | | | |
between the fourth and fifth thoracic vertebrae. Which of the following spinal
| | | | | | | | | | | |
nerves may be damaged? (A) Fourth cervical and fourth thoracic nerves (B) Fifth
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
cervical and fifth thoracic nerves (C) Fourth cervical and fifth thoracic nerves (D)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fifth cervical and fourth thoracic nerves (E) Third cervical and fourth thoracic
| | | | | | | | | | | |
nerves - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The Answer is D. All cervical spinal nerves exit
| | | | | | | | | | | |
through the intervertebral foramina above the corresponding vertebrae, except
| | | | | | | | |
the eighth cervical nerves, which run inferior to the seventh cervical vertebra. All
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
other spinal nerves exit the intervertebral foramina below the corresponding
| | | | | | | | | |
vertebrae. Therefore, the fifth cervical nerve passes between the fourth and fifth
| | | | | | | | | | | |
cervical vertebrae, and the fourth thoracic nerve runs between the fourth and
| | | | | | | | | | | |
fifth thoracic vertebrae.
| |
4. A 39-year-old woman with headaches presents to her primary care physician
| | | | | | | | | | | |
with a possible herniated disk. Her magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan
| | | | | | | | | | |
reveals that the posterolateral protrusion of the intervertebral disk between L4
| | | | | | | | | | |
and L5 vertebrae would most likely affect nerve roots of which of the following
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|spinal nerves? (A) Third lumbar nerve (B) Fourth lumbar nerve (C) Fifth lumbar
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
nerve (D) First sacral nerve (E) Second sacral nerve - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Answer is C. A posterolateral herniation of the intervertebral disk at disk level L4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
to L5 | |
|affects the fifth lumbar nerve root but rarely affects the fourth lumbar nerve root
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
because of a progressive descending obliquity of the fourth and fifth lumbar
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
nerve roots. The first seven cervical nerves exit above the corresponding
| | | | | | | | | | |
vertebra, and the eighth cervical nerve exits below the seventh cervical vertebra
| | | | | | | | | | | |
