1. Coordinate System
• A coordinate system helps us locate points using numbers.
• It uses two perpendicular lines:
• x-axis (horizontal)
• y-axis (vertical)
• Their intersection point is called the origin (0, 0).
2. Cartesian Plane
• The plane formed is called:
• Cartesian Plane / Coordinate Plane / xy-plane
• It is divided into 4 quadrants:
Quadrant Sign of x Sign of y
I + +
II – +
III – –
IV + –
3. Coordinates of a Point
• A point is written as (x, y)
• x → distance from y-axis
• y → distance from x-axis
Special Cases:
• On x-axis → (x, 0)
• On y-axis → (0, y)
• Origin → (0, 0)
4. Distance Between Two Points

D= √(x2-x1)^2 +(y2-y1)^2
• Based on Pythagoras Theorem
• Works for all points (any quadrant)
EXAMPLES + QUESTIONS
LEVEL 1: EASY
Example 1:
Find the quadrant of:
• (3, 4)
• (–2, 5)
• (–3, –6)
• (4, –7)
Solution:
• (3, 4) → Quadrant I
• (–2, 5) → Quadrant II
• (–3, –6) → Quadrant III
• (4, –7) → Quadrant IV
Questions (Easy):
1. Identify the quadrant:
• (5, 2)
• (–3, 7)
• (–6, –1)
• (8, –9)
2. Write coordinates:
• A point on x-axis at 6 units right
• A point on y-axis at 4 units down
3. What are coordinates of origin?
LEVEL 2: MEDIUM