NSG 3850 PATHO EXAM 1 |110 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS | 2026 LATEST
UPDATED| GET A+
1. Intracellular Compartment: Rich in potassium, magnesium, and organic/inorganic phosphates
Low in sodium and chloride
2. Extracellular Compartment: Vascular (rich in protein)
Interstitial (protein deficient)
Transcelluar (rich in sodium, chloride, and bicarb) (Low in potassium, magnesium, phosphate)
3. transcellular fluid: The fluid that is contained within specialized body compartments such as
cerebrospinal, pleural, and synovial cavities
Secreted by epithelial cells
4. thirst mechanism: Increased osmolarity or extracellular fluid
Decreased in older adults
Decreased circulating blood volume (blood loss)
Dryness of mucous membranes in mouth (elderly)
5. What organ systems must be healthy to absorb fluids and electrolytes?: Kidneys
6. Osmotic pressure exerted by proteins: oncotic pressure
Cirrhosis patients
, low albumin
7. The increase in urine output caused by the excretion of substances, such as glucose, mannitol,
or contrast agents in the urine.: Osmotic diuresis
1. outward push of vascular fluid against capillary walls: Capillary hydrostatic pressure 9.
Inward pulling force of particles (proteins) in the interstitial fluid: Intersitial fluid
colloid/oncotic osmotic pressure 10. Diffusion is: higher to lower
11. Osmosis is: lower to higher
12. Only ______ moves freely, not electrolytes: water 13. Normal ways of loosing fluid:
Sweating urinating
Bowel movements breathing
14. You need a good BP to perfuse the: kidneys
25% of perfusion
15. ADH: Released by BP, HTN, and exercise
Free water hormone
Reabsoprtion of water by the renal collecting ducts and dilutes the blood and other body fluids
16. Aldosterone: Salt water hormone
Causes the renal tubules to reabsorb sodium and water, which expands the extracellular fluid volume
UPDATED| GET A+
1. Intracellular Compartment: Rich in potassium, magnesium, and organic/inorganic phosphates
Low in sodium and chloride
2. Extracellular Compartment: Vascular (rich in protein)
Interstitial (protein deficient)
Transcelluar (rich in sodium, chloride, and bicarb) (Low in potassium, magnesium, phosphate)
3. transcellular fluid: The fluid that is contained within specialized body compartments such as
cerebrospinal, pleural, and synovial cavities
Secreted by epithelial cells
4. thirst mechanism: Increased osmolarity or extracellular fluid
Decreased in older adults
Decreased circulating blood volume (blood loss)
Dryness of mucous membranes in mouth (elderly)
5. What organ systems must be healthy to absorb fluids and electrolytes?: Kidneys
6. Osmotic pressure exerted by proteins: oncotic pressure
Cirrhosis patients
, low albumin
7. The increase in urine output caused by the excretion of substances, such as glucose, mannitol,
or contrast agents in the urine.: Osmotic diuresis
1. outward push of vascular fluid against capillary walls: Capillary hydrostatic pressure 9.
Inward pulling force of particles (proteins) in the interstitial fluid: Intersitial fluid
colloid/oncotic osmotic pressure 10. Diffusion is: higher to lower
11. Osmosis is: lower to higher
12. Only ______ moves freely, not electrolytes: water 13. Normal ways of loosing fluid:
Sweating urinating
Bowel movements breathing
14. You need a good BP to perfuse the: kidneys
25% of perfusion
15. ADH: Released by BP, HTN, and exercise
Free water hormone
Reabsoprtion of water by the renal collecting ducts and dilutes the blood and other body fluids
16. Aldosterone: Salt water hormone
Causes the renal tubules to reabsorb sodium and water, which expands the extracellular fluid volume
