BPT2015 | BPT2015 Physiotherapy Exam 4
Version 1 | Questions with Correct Answers and
Expert Explanation for Each Question | Rajiv
Gandhi University of Health Sciences
1. What is the primary goal of pursed-lip breathing in patients with COPD?
A. To increase the respiratory rate
B. To prevent airway collapse during expiration
C. To decrease the expiratory time
D. To increase oxygen consumption
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Pursed-lip breathing helps maintain positive pressure in the
airways during the exhalation phase. This mechanism prevents the small airways
from collapsing, which is a common problem in obstructive lung diseases. By
keeping the airways open longer, it facilitates more effective removal of trapped air
from the lungs. This technique also helps to slow down the breathing rate and
improve the overall breathing pattern. It is a simple yet effective strategy for
reducing dyspnea in pulmonary patients.
2. Which position is most appropriate for postural drainage of the posterior segments
of the lower lobes?
A. Supine with a pillow under the knees
,B. Side-lying on the left side
C. Sitting upright leaning forward
D. Prone with the foot of the bed elevated
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Postural drainage uses gravity to assist in moving secretions
from peripheral lung segments to the central airways. For the posterior segments of
the lower lobes, a prone position with the foot of the bed elevated about 18 to 20
inches is required. This specific angle allows the segmental bronchus to point
downward, facilitating drainage. Proper positioning is crucial for the effectiveness of
airway clearance techniques. Therapists must always monitor the patient’s
tolerance and vital signs during these maneuvers.
3. In Cardiac Rehabilitation, Phase I typically refers to which period?
A. Outpatient exercise programs
B. Community-based fitness training
C. Long-term maintenance phase
D. Inpatient hospitalization period
Correct Answer: D
,Expert Explanation: Phase I cardiac rehabilitation occurs while the patient is still
in the hospital after a cardiac event. The primary focus of this phase is early
mobilization and education regarding the patient’s condition. It includes monitoring
vital signs during low-intensity activities like sitting or walking short distances. This
phase aims to prevent the negative effects of bed rest and assess the patient’s
readiness for discharge. Successful completion of Phase I transitions the patient into
the outpatient Phase II program.
4. What is the main purpose of diaphragmatic breathing exercises?
A. To increase the use of accessory muscles
B. To minimize the work of breathing and improve ventilation
C. To improve chest wall mobility
D. To decrease the tidal volume
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Diaphragmatic breathing focuses on using the primary muscle
of inspiration more effectively while relaxing accessory muscles. This approach
reduces the oxygen cost of breathing and improves the distribution of air within the
lungs. By maximizing the excursion of the diaphragm, the patient can achieve better
gas exchange with less effort. It is particularly beneficial for patients who exhibit an
, apical breathing pattern due to respiratory distress. Constant practice helps patients
incorporate this efficient breathing style into their daily activities.
5. The Borg Scale is commonly used in cardiopulmonary physical therapy to measure:
A. Blood pressure levels
B. Muscle strength grading
C. Lung capacity volume
D. Rating of perceived exertion
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: The Borg Scale is a subjective tool used by patients to rate
how hard they feel they are working during exercise. It typically ranges from 6 to
20, where 6 represents no exertion and 20 represents maximal effort. This scale
provides a reliable correlate to heart rate and metabolic demands during physical
activity. It is especially useful when patients are on medications like beta-blockers
that blunt the heart rate response. Physiotherapists use this data to prescribe safe
and effective exercise intensities for cardiac and pulmonary patients.
6. Which component of the Active Cycle of Breathing Technique (ACBT) focuses on
secretion mobilization?
A. Forced Expiratory Technique
B. Thoracic Expansion Exercises
Version 1 | Questions with Correct Answers and
Expert Explanation for Each Question | Rajiv
Gandhi University of Health Sciences
1. What is the primary goal of pursed-lip breathing in patients with COPD?
A. To increase the respiratory rate
B. To prevent airway collapse during expiration
C. To decrease the expiratory time
D. To increase oxygen consumption
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Pursed-lip breathing helps maintain positive pressure in the
airways during the exhalation phase. This mechanism prevents the small airways
from collapsing, which is a common problem in obstructive lung diseases. By
keeping the airways open longer, it facilitates more effective removal of trapped air
from the lungs. This technique also helps to slow down the breathing rate and
improve the overall breathing pattern. It is a simple yet effective strategy for
reducing dyspnea in pulmonary patients.
2. Which position is most appropriate for postural drainage of the posterior segments
of the lower lobes?
A. Supine with a pillow under the knees
,B. Side-lying on the left side
C. Sitting upright leaning forward
D. Prone with the foot of the bed elevated
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Postural drainage uses gravity to assist in moving secretions
from peripheral lung segments to the central airways. For the posterior segments of
the lower lobes, a prone position with the foot of the bed elevated about 18 to 20
inches is required. This specific angle allows the segmental bronchus to point
downward, facilitating drainage. Proper positioning is crucial for the effectiveness of
airway clearance techniques. Therapists must always monitor the patient’s
tolerance and vital signs during these maneuvers.
3. In Cardiac Rehabilitation, Phase I typically refers to which period?
A. Outpatient exercise programs
B. Community-based fitness training
C. Long-term maintenance phase
D. Inpatient hospitalization period
Correct Answer: D
,Expert Explanation: Phase I cardiac rehabilitation occurs while the patient is still
in the hospital after a cardiac event. The primary focus of this phase is early
mobilization and education regarding the patient’s condition. It includes monitoring
vital signs during low-intensity activities like sitting or walking short distances. This
phase aims to prevent the negative effects of bed rest and assess the patient’s
readiness for discharge. Successful completion of Phase I transitions the patient into
the outpatient Phase II program.
4. What is the main purpose of diaphragmatic breathing exercises?
A. To increase the use of accessory muscles
B. To minimize the work of breathing and improve ventilation
C. To improve chest wall mobility
D. To decrease the tidal volume
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Diaphragmatic breathing focuses on using the primary muscle
of inspiration more effectively while relaxing accessory muscles. This approach
reduces the oxygen cost of breathing and improves the distribution of air within the
lungs. By maximizing the excursion of the diaphragm, the patient can achieve better
gas exchange with less effort. It is particularly beneficial for patients who exhibit an
, apical breathing pattern due to respiratory distress. Constant practice helps patients
incorporate this efficient breathing style into their daily activities.
5. The Borg Scale is commonly used in cardiopulmonary physical therapy to measure:
A. Blood pressure levels
B. Muscle strength grading
C. Lung capacity volume
D. Rating of perceived exertion
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: The Borg Scale is a subjective tool used by patients to rate
how hard they feel they are working during exercise. It typically ranges from 6 to
20, where 6 represents no exertion and 20 represents maximal effort. This scale
provides a reliable correlate to heart rate and metabolic demands during physical
activity. It is especially useful when patients are on medications like beta-blockers
that blunt the heart rate response. Physiotherapists use this data to prescribe safe
and effective exercise intensities for cardiac and pulmonary patients.
6. Which component of the Active Cycle of Breathing Technique (ACBT) focuses on
secretion mobilization?
A. Forced Expiratory Technique
B. Thoracic Expansion Exercises
