Counseling Psychology Exam 2 With
Questions And Answers Latest Update 2026
born in Illinois, 4th of 6 children in a strict
religious family
sickly but ignored and teased
high achiever in school (graduated from Uni of
Carl Rogers Wisconsin, enrolled in theological seminary,
transferred to Columbia for master’s in
educational psychology, clinical psych
doctorate)
taught students at several universities to work
with people rather than in lab
first to integrate supervised therapy into
academic training
first to measure effectiveness of psychotherapy
Carl rogers monuments
introduced non-directive therapy
elected APA president and nominated for Nobel
Prize
opennes to experience
trust in self
fully functioning person unconditional positive regard
internal locus of evaluation
living creatively
little responses when someone is
small rewards
talking/opening up
mirror comments, active listening, identify main
paraphrasing points, start with “you”
avoid adding opinions, watch tone
nonemphatic response “you’re overreacting”
interchangeable response “so you’re sad because”
, “i understand you and your feelings are
emphatic response
important to me”
an organized whole greater than the sum of its
Gestalt
parts
we need to look at the human being as a whole
holism to help them (can’t only look at subconscious or
behaviors)
behavior of clients must be understood in
context of environment which changes from
field theory person to person
environment is made of figure (most salient) and
ground (out of awareness)
unfelt emotions do not go away
unfinished business
leads to compulsive and self-defeating behavior
power is in the present, but many people lose
the now
that
takes forms of it, I, and you
avoid you and it, leads to externalizing
talk
try to use I so you are internalizing and
accepting feelings/difficulties
personality splits (ex. critical vs vulnerable self,
adult vs child self)
internal dialogue exercise addresses inner conflicts, self-criticism,
unresolved emotions
also known as empty chair technique
classical conditioning
operant conditioning
behavior therapy development
social learning
cognitive behavior therapy
associating neutral stimulus with new response
classical conditioning
Pavlov’s dog
operant conitioning positive and negative reinforcement for actions
Questions And Answers Latest Update 2026
born in Illinois, 4th of 6 children in a strict
religious family
sickly but ignored and teased
high achiever in school (graduated from Uni of
Carl Rogers Wisconsin, enrolled in theological seminary,
transferred to Columbia for master’s in
educational psychology, clinical psych
doctorate)
taught students at several universities to work
with people rather than in lab
first to integrate supervised therapy into
academic training
first to measure effectiveness of psychotherapy
Carl rogers monuments
introduced non-directive therapy
elected APA president and nominated for Nobel
Prize
opennes to experience
trust in self
fully functioning person unconditional positive regard
internal locus of evaluation
living creatively
little responses when someone is
small rewards
talking/opening up
mirror comments, active listening, identify main
paraphrasing points, start with “you”
avoid adding opinions, watch tone
nonemphatic response “you’re overreacting”
interchangeable response “so you’re sad because”
, “i understand you and your feelings are
emphatic response
important to me”
an organized whole greater than the sum of its
Gestalt
parts
we need to look at the human being as a whole
holism to help them (can’t only look at subconscious or
behaviors)
behavior of clients must be understood in
context of environment which changes from
field theory person to person
environment is made of figure (most salient) and
ground (out of awareness)
unfelt emotions do not go away
unfinished business
leads to compulsive and self-defeating behavior
power is in the present, but many people lose
the now
that
takes forms of it, I, and you
avoid you and it, leads to externalizing
talk
try to use I so you are internalizing and
accepting feelings/difficulties
personality splits (ex. critical vs vulnerable self,
adult vs child self)
internal dialogue exercise addresses inner conflicts, self-criticism,
unresolved emotions
also known as empty chair technique
classical conditioning
operant conditioning
behavior therapy development
social learning
cognitive behavior therapy
associating neutral stimulus with new response
classical conditioning
Pavlov’s dog
operant conitioning positive and negative reinforcement for actions
